AP Gove Final
Which of the following most clearly states the outcome of Brown v. Board of Education II?
States with segregated public school systems should act on principals mandated in Brown I and move to full compliance "with all deliberate speed
Which of the following actions of the President make be taken to limit the regulatory power of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)?
Appoint a new head of the EPA that shares similar beliefs on regulations
Business groups are generally represented by organizations such as the US Chamber of Commerce while consumers are represented by groups such as a Public Citizen. Both types of interest groups advocate for the interest of their members, but business groups are often more successful in achieving their goals despite representing a smaller number of people. Which of the following is a possible explanation for this?
Business groups generally have greater funding than consumer groups which provides them with more influence over government officials
Which of the following best describes a role of family on the process of political socialization?
Children generally share party identification with their parents
A newspaper publishes a cartoon captioned:"News: Courts OK corporate Election Spending." The cartoon features a senator whose suit is covered in logos and an air quote that says "No...I am not a NASCAR driver. I'm a U.S. senator." Which cases most directly relate to this?
Citizens United v. Federal Communication Commission
As the political institution that provides the bureaucracy with its authority and the necessary funding to carry out its responsibilities, congress maintains the power to oversee its activities. Which of the following represents an example of Congress exercising oversight?
Congress holds hearings in which the Federal Reserve Chairperson testifies about recent changes in monetary policy
You favor capitalism, new legislation on gun control, Medicare for All, and world-wide action to stop climate change. You are most likely a...
Democrat
Which of the following best describes Dr. MLK's point of view when writing Letter From Birmingham Jail?
Dr. King defends the motivations, tactics, and goals of the Birmingham campaign specifically and the Civil Rights Movement in general
Which of the following is exercised exclusively by the national government, thus limiting the role of state government?
Entering into treaties with foreign nations
U.S. vs Lopez (1995) reflects what shift in American beliefs?
Federal encroachments on state sovereignty need to be reined in
Differences in minus wages are a result from
Federalism
Free to Choose: "A society that puts equality...ahead of freedom will end up with neither equality nor freedom...On the other hand, a society that puts freedom first will, as a happy by-product, end up with both greater freedom and greater equality."- Freidman, Milton Which of the following government policies would the author least likely support?
Implementation of military conscription
Which of the following has most significantly contributed to the professionalism of the bureaucracy?
Most bureaucrats receive their position based on qualifications rather than political loyalty
The Fifteenth Amendment was ratified in 1870, stating that voting rights cannot be abridged based on race. Almost 100 years later, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 prohibited voting qualifications or practices which result in denying voting rights based on race. Which of the following best explains what led to passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
National legislation was needed to create consistency with legislation protecting voting rights that had already been passed by the states.
Which of the following comparisons of policy approaches between liberals and conservatives is most accurate?
Row B Increase funding for climate change research (Liberal) Decrease funding for climate change research (Conservative)
Which of the following describes an example of policy development within an iron-triangle?
Scientists from the Sierra Club successfully petition the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to declare fruit bats an endangered species
Which of the following government principals was at the center of the court's reasoning in Engel v. Vitale?
Separation of church and state
"To what expedient, then, shall we finally resort, for maintaining in practice the necessary partition of power among the several departments, as laid down in the constitution? The only answer that can be given is, that as all these exterior provisions are found to be inadequate, the defect must be supplied, by so contriving the interior structure of the government as that its several constituent parts may, by their mutual relations, be the means of keeping each other in their proper places. Without presuming to undertake a full development of this important idea, I will hazard a few general observations, which may perhaps place it in a clearer light, and enable us to form a more correct judgement of the principles and structure of the government planned by the convention."-James Madison, Fed papers 51
Seperation of powers
A political scientist would most likely use Brown v. Board II to illustrate which of the following?
The SCOTUS underestimated the depth of southern resistance to desegregation
Which of the following best describes a reason that a president might choose to make an executive agreement with a foreign nation rather than a treaty?
The Senate is evenly split between the president's party and the opposition party
Which of the following enumerated powers was most relevant in the McCulloch vs. Maryland case?
The ability to control interstate commerce
Which of the following most accurately describes civil liberties?
The basic freedoms granted by the Constitution, either explicitly or through interpretation
Imagine a congress in which both houses of Congress are controlled by the Democratic Party and the president is a Republican. Which of the following scenarios would most likely interfere with policy agenda of this congress?
The president issues an executive order to open additional lands of Arctic National Wildlife Reserve for oil exploration to lower the high price of gasoline in America
Which of the following is one of the duties of the president specified by the Constitution?
The president must appear before Congress to propose his or her budget
Which of the following describes the exercise of a formal power by a president?
The president vetoes legislation that authorizes an increase in spending for infrastructure projects
Justice Black's statement that the press can "bare the secrets of government and inform the people" is most consistent with which of the following?
The press serves as a linkage institution between the government and the people
Which of the following best describes the SCOTUS's interpretation of the extent to which free speech is protected under the First Amendment?
The protection afforded to speech is affected by the circumstance in which it occurs
The Administrative Procedure Act of 1946 requires administrative agencies to publish proposed regulations at least 30 days prior to implementation. How has this affected the policy-making process of the bureaucracy?
The public is kept more aware of the bureaucratic policy-making process
"[The president] shall nominate, and by and with the Advice andConsent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other Offices of the United States..." - Article 11, section 2 the US constitution Which of the following scenarios would make confirmation of a president's Supreme Court nominee most difficult?
When the president is a Lame Duck and the opposition party controls the U.S. Senate
"No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury,... nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself,.." -Amendment 5 Which part of the warning read to criminal suspects is based on the fifth amendment excerpt above?
You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in the court of law.
In the landmark decision Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), the Supreme Court recognizes the validity of same-sex marriage. The political cartoon above gives hint at the constitutional underpinnings of the ruling which included which of the following clauses of the 14th amendment?
due process and equal protection clause
Which of the following best represents the free rider problem?
employees choose not a join a labor union because they can benefit from collective bargaining without paying dues
Free to Choose: "A society that puts equality...ahead of freedom will end up with neither equality nor freedom...On the other hand, a society that puts freedom first will, as a happy by-product, end up with both greater freedom and greater equality."- Freidman, Milton Which of the following governmental groups would the author least likely support?
liberal
One of the long term effects of MLK's Letter from Birmingham Jail was
the ascension of Malcom X to a leadership position in the SCLC
Which of the following represents an exercise of the discretionary authority of the Department of Transportation?
Prohibiting passengers from bringing weapons in carry-on luggage on airplanes
The Civil Rights Movement of the 60's led to the legislation such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that was designed to prevent several different types of discrimination. Which of the following is one of the provisions designed in the legislation?
Prohibition of segregation in public accommodations
Which of the following is an accurate comparison of national and state government powers?
Row A create army(Exclusive to National Gov) Punish Crimes(Power of both national and state governments)
Which of the following is an accurate comparison that formal and informal powers of the presidency?
Row A Veto (Formal powers), Executive Order (Informal Powers)
Which of the following most accurately identifies Democratic Party and Republican Party positions?
Row B Advocate for abortion rights(Democratic Position), Restrict access to abortions (Republican Party)
Which of the following correctly identifies a factor that is a significant influence on the development of individual political attitudes and one that is not?
Row D Major political events (important source of influence), Laws related to a voter registration (Laws related to voter registration)
Which of the following comparisons of protest movements are most similar to each other in their tactics and eventual outcomes?
Row D Marriage equality movement, African American Rights Movement
Which of the following correctly describes liberal, conservative and libertarian ideologies regarding appropriate roles of government in the marketplace?
Row D To create programs to solve social issues (Liberal), To allow social issues to be solved privately (Conservative), to allow social issues to be solved privately (libertarian)
In which of the following situations would public opinion polls most likely affect the way a member of the House of Representatives from New York votes on legislation?
A public opinion poll in the member's New York district indicates that voters oppose the legislation
"The statue of Louisiana, acts of 1890, c. 111, requiring railway companies carrying their coaches in that state, to provide equal, but separate, accommodations for the white and colored races,...and providing that no person shall be permitted to occupy seats in coaches other than the ones assigned to them, on account of the race they belong to;... and imposing fines or imprisionment upon passengers insisting on going into a coach or compartment other than the one set aside for the race to which her or she belongs;...are not in conflict with the provisions either of the Thirteenth Amendment or of the Fourteenth Amendment to the constitution of the US."- Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) If you represented the plaintiff in this case, which constitutional provision below do u believe would provide the best argument for your case?
14th amendment
"No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President shall be elected to the office of the President more than once"-Amendment 22 United States Constitution Which of the following Constitutional Amendments also limits a president's ability to remain in office?
17th
Which of the following best represents an example of the process of political socialization?
A high school student joins a Young Politicians club at her school and develops specific opinions on a number of political issues
Which of the following would be favored by members of Congress who believe that Keynesian economic policies are most effective in combating economic recession?
A tax bill that cuts personal federal income rates by 4%
Which of the following policy trends best represents a conservative approach to social issues within the United States?
After the election of Ronald Reagan in 1980 a new collation with religious leaders and the Republican Party increased the impact of Christian values on the democratic process
Which of the following most accurately describes an impact of the Bill of Rights?
All levels of government are prevented from placing any restrictions on the speech rights of individuals
In recent years there have been several single-issue groups formed as a result of current events such as "Black Lives Matter" and the "Me Too" movement. Which of the following had the greatest impact on both of the groups listed above?
Average Americans growing tired of injustice and using social media and the right to assemble to voice their calls for change
"By a faction, I understand a number of citizen, whether amounting to a majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and situated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest, adversed to the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community...There are again two methods of removing the causes of faction: the one, by destroying the liberty which is essential to its existence; the other, by giving to every citizen the same opinions, the same passions, and the same interests... it could never be more truly said than of the first remedy, that it was worse than the disease. Liberty is to faction what air is to fire, an aliment without which it instantly expires. But it could not be less folly to abolish liberty, which is essential to political if, because it nourishes faction, then it would be to wish the annihilation of air, which is essential to animal life, because it imparts to fire its destructive agency."- James Madison Federalist No.10 Which of the following idealogical perspectives are most consistent with the passage above?
Liberty has side effects that will not always be pretty
Which of the following most accurately describes the allocation powers to the national and state governments in the Constitution?
The Constitution specifies the powers that may be exercised by the national government and those that may be exercised by the state governments
The bureaucracy is often empowered by Congress to enforce specific legislation. Which of the following best represents the bureaucracy's use of enforcement powers?
The EPA imposes fines on an electric power company for its violation of air pollution standards
The broad grants of power to implement legislation given to the bureaucracy by Congress often include powers which are classified as quasi-legislative. Which of the following represents an example of the bureaucracy excising quasi-legislative power?
The EPA imposes regulations on businesses that are designed to limit air pollution
Which of the following best describes why the Supreme Court is so frequently asked to decide cases that involve civil liberties?
The need of the government to protect society is often in conflict with the rights of individuals
In Wisconsin v. Yoder the majority opinion decision was clearly based on protecting the free speech rights of which of the following stakeholders?
The parents
Which of the following does not help explain the realignment of voters' party support in the Deep South between 1964 and 1968?
The passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Which of the following characteristics best suggest a public opinion poll is scientific and reasonably accurate?
The poll included a sampling error of +/- 5
The agenda of the president and Congress are often at odds with each other. What power does the president have to persuade Congress to follow his/her policy agenda rather than their own?
The president can use social media to increase public pressure on Congress to follow his policy agenda
The Chamber of Commerce is an interest group that represents a collection of business and corporations. Among other things, the Chamber of Commerce works at lobbying Congress and local community governments to pass legislation that is friendly to businesses.This is an example of a
trade association
