AP Govt Chp 7 Test
women were granted universal suffrage in
1920
the amendment granting women's suffrage is the
19th Amendment
the amendment lowering the voting age to 18 is the
26th Amendment
the typical procedure for an initiative requires petitions to feature the signatures of -- of the number of registered voters in a state
5-10%
if voter turnout was computed on the basis of registered voters, about -- of Americans vote
80%
which country was the first to provide for the general election of representatives through mass suffrage?
US
one criterion that must be met for a country to be democratic is that it must
have more than one political party
Congress and the states moved quickly to pass the 26th Amendment, which lowered the voting age to 18, because they
hoped to channel student energy away from demonstrations and toward more conventional forms of participation
Americans contributing money to a candidate's campaign is best defined as a form of
influencing behavior
most referenda are placed on the ballot by
legislatures
in Oregon, everyone votes by
psychological explanations of turnout suggest that voting will rise if
more Americans believe that government is responsive
researchers have found that political apathy is -- in the US compare to almost all other nations
much lower
the ability of groups to make government respond to their special problems is best described as part of -- theory
pluralist
the text defines -- as the actions of private citizens by which they seek to influence or support government and politics
political participation
in Smith v. Allwright, the Supreme Court found -- is (are) unconstitutional
preventing black from voting in primary elections
which of the following qualifications for voting was virtually eliminated in all states by the 1850s?
property ownership
according to the text, with respect to political participation, "-- is the great equalizer..."
protest
the effect of the 26th Amendment, which enfranchised 18-20 year olds, was to
reduce the national voter turnout rate
during the Vietnam War, protesting students on college campus
stopped traffic, destroyed property, occupied buildings, boycotted classes and disrupted lectures
a legal action brought by a person or group on behalf of a number of people in similar circumstances is also known as a(n)
class action suit
unconventional political participation involving assembling crowds to confront businesses and local governments is known as
direct action
the purpose of the literacy tests that were used in the southern states after 1870 was to
discourage African Americans from voting
the standard socioeconomic model of participation chiefly refers to
education, income, and occupation
the majoritarian model of democracy favors
voting as the primary means of participation
to maintain order, the government has a stake in converting -- whenever possible
unconventional participation into conventional participation
the text defines suffrage and franchise as the right to
vote
the -- Amendment to the Constitution prohibits states from denying the right to vote "on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude"
15th
citizen mobilization to stop construction of a nuclear waste facility near their homes would be an example of the -- phenomenon
NIMBY
-- championed the direct primary
Progressives
all of the following are regarded in the text as examples of unconventional participation except
Timothy mcVeigh's 1995 bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City
women compared to men, and blacks compared to whites, tend to have political participation rates today that are
about the same
in general today, women politically participate
at about the same rate as men
Timothy McVeigh bombed the Oklahoma City federal building because he
believed the US government had become a police state
elections, as an institutional mechanism,
bolster the power and authority of the state
a practical test of whether or not a government is democratic is whether
citizens can affect its policies by acting through its institutions
of all the social and economic variables affecting political participation, -- is the strongest factor
education
a 2013 Supreme Court decision regarding the Voting Rights Act allowed numerous states to
enforce new voter identification laws
voting in the US decreased during the 1970s and 1980s. Other forms of participation
increased or remained stable
Americans are less likely to -- than citizens of other countries
join demonstrations
in 2012 and 2013, voters approved a number of ballot propositions, including ones in Colorado and Washington that
legalized marijuana
because it depends on mass participation in politics, majoritarianism tends to
limit individual freedom
characteristics frequently associated with nonvoters are
low education, low income, and being relatively young
according to the text, Americans were -- politically apathetic in 2012 compared to 1952
neither more nor less
according to the text, if the criterion is --, America has the best and most democratic government in the world
number of elections held
someone who asserts that elections "socialize political activity" is contending that elections are mechanisms that maintain
order
a direct primary is a
preliminary election to choose party candidates
according to the text, violent unconventional political participation is
sometimes worth the risk
the 1995 Montgomery bus boycott is an example of
successful unconventional political participation
-- is political action that expresses allegiance to country and government
supportive behavior
although terrorism is an unconventional political action, it is generally not counted as unconventional political participation because
terrorists do not seek to influence government but to destroy it
which of the following was the first known act of unconventional participation in America?
the Boston Tea Party
the country with the lowest voter turnout among eligible voters is congressional elections is
the US
by law, the US presidential election occurs
the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November
in nearly every other democratic country, the burden of registration is placed on
the government
the framers of the Constitution left the issue of voter enfranchisement to
the states
political scientists know less about unconventional forms of political participation because
they are biased towards institutionalized, or conventional, politics, and it is easier to collect data on conventional practices
studies of Americans who engage in "contacting behavior" like complaining to city hall find
they are not more likely to vote than other Americans
one recent criticism of referenda and initiatives is that
they create an expensive "industry" designed around circulating petitions and spending millions
the American emphasis on freedom over equality in political participation works to the benefit of
those with greater resources
compared with other nations in the world in granting suffrage to women, the US
was among the first
how does education affect voter turnout?
well educated people are more likely to vote than are their less educated counterparts