AP HUG Final Exam Study of All Test questions and answers combined

If a map was illustrating the number of immigrants from different areas of the world using a proportional symbol map, which ratio would put the most obvious emphasis on immigrants from specific countries? A. Symbol gets larger for each immigrant B. Symbol gets larger for each 50 immigrants C. Symbol gets larger for each 1000 immigrants D. Symbol gets larger for each 100 immigrants E. Symbol gets larger for each 10 immigrants

correct answer is A For a proportional symbol map to be the most effective, the size would increase for each individual measure.

All of the following are examples of Native American artifacts EXCEPT A. Teepee B. Burial mounds C. Tomahawk D. Ceremonial rain dance E. Feather headdress

D is correct Artifacts are the material objects of a culture. In this example a rain dance represents non-material culture.

Which of the following countries is the primary destination for guest workers from northern Africa? A. Spain B. Germany C. United Kingdom D. France E. Italy

D is correct France has close ties to North Africa from times of colonialism and requires workers due to their graying population.

Which of the following areas is considered part of the ecumene? A. Frozen tundra regions of Siberia B. Mid-latitude deserts of Africa C. Himalayan mountain zone above 20,000 feet D. The banks of the Nile River E. Polar ice caps

D is correct About 25% of the Earth's surface is land, but much of that land is uninhabitable, leaving humans to live on the ecumene.

A person's activity space includes: A. places where important activities take place B. seasonal migration patterns C. areas they feel comfortable in D. geographic movement on a daily basis E. the changes in their behavior through the seasons

D is correct Activity space is the area of your daily life.

Cultural ecology is A. the study of environmental culture traits the study of environmental changes over ions the study of human interaction with animals the study of human-environment relationships the study of human attitudes towards the cultural landscape

D is correct Cultural ecology and human-environmental interaction are synonymous terms. This includes how the environment influences human groups and vice versa

The four major population clusters in the world include all of the following regions except: A. Europe B. South Asia C. East Asia D. South America E. Southeast Asia

D is correct South American countries face issues relating to population growth within urban areas, however, they are not dealing with large population density overall.

The correct notation for the absolute location of the equator is: 0° S 0° W 0° N 0° latitude 0° longitude

D is correct The equator represents the center point of the earth, between the north and south poles. The notation of the center latitude line is 0 degrees

All of the following can be used to characterize the spatial analysis tradition EXCEPT the: A.Distance associated with shopping trips to area malls B. Volume of telephone calls between Corey Union and Old Main C. Trans-Atlantic slave trade D. Number of space shuttles constructed E. Volume of air traffic between London and Hong Kon

D is correct The number of products created would not include the connectivity of locations or cultures.

Twenty-four specific objects transmit complex radio codes, including time signals traveling at the speed of light. You can contact at least 4 of the 24 objects at any time of day or night. The technology described here allows the determination of which of the following? The weather forecast for any area The amount of detail that can be shown on a topographic map The number of layers that can be accommodated in geographic information system Absolute location on the surface of Earth

D is correct The use of multiple satellites allows for the exact triangulation of location on the global gird (longitude and latitude).

What term can be defined as "the spread of an idea of innovation from its source"? Cultural landscape Cultural ecology Regionalization Cultural diffusion Time-space compression

D is correct There are many types of cultural diffusion, but all of these explain the movement of people/innovations

College students from Idaho elected to spend their spring break in Lake Tahoe, CA rather than in Cancun, Mexico because California is closer and the transportation is cheaper. This decision illustrates the concept of: A. Central place theory B. Rank size rule C. Human capital D. Intervening opportunity E. Time space compression

D is correct When an opportunity is not taken because there is a similar option that is closer, this is an intervening opportunity. If the distance of travel did not matter, because of new transportation methods, that would be time-space compression.

What changes can be noted on a map as the scale becomes larger? 1:250,000 to 1:25,000 A. The map would show world wide trends and global movement with more clarity B. No changes would be perceivable C. The amount of detail on the map would decrease D. The amount of detail on the map would increase E. A proportional symbol map would show more information, but a dot density map would show less

D is the correct answer The larger the scale on the map, the less area being covered, this allows for more detail to be included

Which of the following is an effect of Chain Migration on the area of destination? A. Multi-ethnic neighborhoods B. Culture clusters C. Cultural homelands D. Urban slums E. Urban ethnic enclaves

E is correct Cluster migration is a result of chain migration, but it creates areas that are different from those around them. These are known as ethnic enclaves.

Over the past 30 years, the number of undocumented immigrants in the United States: A. has decreased because of greater border security B. has decreased because of poor economic conditions in the United States C. has increased due to the lessed population in the United States D. has increased because of more relaxed border security since September 11, 2001 E. has increased because of the demand for menial laborers in the United States has grown

E is correct The attempts to stem the flow of illegal immigration have increased, but the number of immigrants continues to grow because there are economic opportunities within the US

Sources of voluntary migration include: A. Ecological disasters B. Religious intolerance C. Political unrest D. Ethnic conflicts E. Individual choice

E is correct Voluntary migration is driven by the choice of each person to move their location.

Assuming a world population of 7,000,000,000 and an annual growth of 1.1 percent, how many people will be added to the world's population in the next year? A. 770,000,000 B. 7,700,000 C. 7,700,000,000 D. 770,000 E. 77,000,000

E is correct 7,000,000,000 multiplied by .011 equals roughly 77 million.

This is the process by which a less dominant culture adopts the traits of a more dominant culture so completely that the two cultures become indistinguishable A. Syncretism B. Transculturation C. Acculturation D. Migrant diffusion E. Cultural assimilation

E is correct Acculturation is the slow adoption of characteristics, while assimilation is the removal of earlier characteristics. Assimilation leads to the complete erasure of earlier cultural traits.

The term for migrants who circumvent the process to enter the destination country illegally is: A. time-contract workers B. refugees C. migration selectants D. guest workers E. undocumented immigrants

E is correct Any immigrants who do not follow immigration laws, whether entering illegally or not leaving, are known as undocumented or unauthorized immigrants.

The population of the Canada is approximately 34.3 million, and the land area is approximately 3.9 million square miles. The arithmetic density of the Canada is calculated using which of the following formulas? A. 3.9 square miles / 13 provinces and territories B. 3.9 million square miles / 34.3 million people C. 34.3 million people / amount of arable land D. 34.3 million people / 13 provinces and territories E. 34.3 million people / 3.9 million square miles

E is correct Arithmetic density (population density) is people divided by land.

The spread of one culture, at the expense of another, usually through force or dominance, is the definition of which of the following terms? A. Cultural complex B. Transculturation C. Acculturation D. Cultural nationalism E. Cultural imperialism

E is correct Cultural imperialism is defined as the dominance of one culture over another. The driving force historically was military strength, but now countries are accused of imperialism based on their pop culture trends (television, movies, social media).

Which country has a low arithmetic density, but a high physiological density? A. United Kingdom B. United States C. Nigeria D. India E. Egypt

E is correct Egypt does not have many people compared to their total land, but their arable land is severely limited, so the physiological density is high

The diffusion pattern of Green Mountain Coffee from a small city in Vermont to grocery stores in all major US cities, is an example of: A. Distance decay B. Contagious diffusion C. Relocation diffusion D. Hierarchical diffusion E. Reverse hierarchical diffusion

E is correct In normal instances hierarchical diffusion is the spread of an idea or innovation from a large/powerful location to smaller/less powerful locations. In this instance, this concept is reversed, as the company started and spread to small cities before becoming a national brand.

Migrants within less developed countries move from in search of economic opportunities, this is most often accomplished with which type of movement? A. Urban to suburban B. Suburban to rural C. Urban to rural D. Rural to suburban E. Rural to urban

E is correct Most LDCs lack suburban areas, as the countries are agricultural in nature or in the midst of industrialization. These areas will have the most movement from rural to urban areas, due to industrial jobs.

The Hagia Sofia is a museum in Istanbul that was originally a church and then converted into a mosque. There are elements from both Christian and Islamic architecture evident in the building, creating an example of which of the following? A. Neolocalism B. Syncreticism C. Cultural imperialism D. Cultural diffusion E. Sequent occupancy

E is correct Sequent occupancy is the layers of influence left by cultures as they come to power in a particular area. The original elements are not erased, but rather layered upon by later groups.

Reasons why a migrant is attracted to a specific destination is called: A. economic indicator factors B. gravity model of spatial interaction C. place utility factors D. push factors E. pull factors

E is correct Something that is attractive about a place is a pull factor.

Reasons why a person feels compelled to leave his or her home area is called A. economic indicator factors B. pull factors C. migration selectivity D. place utility factors E. push factors

E is correct Something that is makes a person want to leave a place is a push factor.

Some cultural traditions, such as Halloween, borrow traits from multiple cultures in multiple time periods. This is an example of: A. Possibilism B. Neolocalism C. Environmental determinism D. Assimilation E. Syncretic

E is correct Syncretism is the change over time of customs due to the influence of multiple cultures and changes beliefs in ensuing time periods.

Which type of land use pattern was used by the British in the US and is most evident in New England and the Northeastern states? A. Township and range B. Sector model C. Multiple nuclei D. Long lot E. Metes and bounds

E is correct The English used the metes and bounds system to delineate land ownership. This type of land use model utilizes land forms as dividing points.

Parts of Canada, Louisiana and Haiti share common toponyms, architecture and language due to the influence of which group? A. British B. Spanish C. Portuguese D. Italian E. French

E is correct The French explored and settled areas in Quebec, Louisiana and Haiti - which explains that French names and dialects that still exist in those locations

As globalization and cultural diffusion continue to flourish, cultural extinction becomes a more common outcome. Which of these responses identifies a consequence of such extinction? A. Growth of regional religions created to support diversity B. Increasing world population C. Decreased global food shortages in LDCs D. Decrease in urbanization in MDCs E. Loss of native knowledge about landscapes

E is correct The extinction of cultures will lead to the loss of knowledge from the members of those groups. This could impact all areas of culture: language, religion, music, food, architecture, etc.

The largest source of international immigrants to the United States is from: A. Russia B. Canada C. China D. India E. Mexico

E is correct The largest numbers of immigrants within the US are from Mexico. This is driven by the proximity of the two countries and the stronger US economy.

Historically the Ganges Valley and the Nile Valley have had comparatively high population densities because of their: A. Tropical climate B. In-migration from neighboring arid areas C. Designation as sacred sites D. Heavy industrialization E. Intensive agriculture based on irrigation

E is correct These rivers are the center of population because of they fertile land that they support within India.

A single attribute of culture is called a A. culture landscape B. culture complex C. culture realm D. culture hearth E. culture trait

E is correct Traits are individual base beliefs within a culture.

Which of the following would be the best example of a folk culture food? A. Hamburgers in Canada B. Tacos in France C. Pasta in Cambodia D. Pizza in China E. Sushi in Japan

E is correct answer All of these items are available worldwide, but the only correctly matched folk culture and folk culture food are sushi (raw fish) served in Japan.

A population pyramid with a large increase in the number of 20-30 year olds would be indicative of: A. A region with a high infant mortality rate B. A region experiencing civil war C. A region with a graying population D. A region with a low level of immigration E. A region with several college towns

E is correct answer You would expect to find an above average number of young adults in college towns.

Reasons why women in the United States are having fewer children than 50 years ago include all of the following except: A. women are getting married later in life B. women are becoming more educated C. women are more likely to use contraceptives D. women are more likely to enter the work-force E. women have less access to healthy foods

E is the correct answer Although obesity is an issue in America, citizens (including women) have access to a wide variety of healthy options and nutrient rich foods.

What is the definition of place in the field of AP Human Geography? A. A point on the earth's surface with unique characteristics B. A specific location with intersecting lines of longitude and latitude C. A location where urbanization has occurred at a rapid rate D. The spread of ideas through human migration E. The changes made on a natural location by humans

A is correct Place is the term used to identify a specific location (latitude and longitude) with defining characteristics.

Which of the following did NOT as a result of relocation diffusion: Correct answer: A. The spread of the Black Plague within Europe B. The spread of Roman Catholicism to Mexico C. The spread of the English language to the India D. The spread of baseball to Japan E. The spread of tacos to the United States

A is correct Relocation diffusion is dependent upon movement of people, whereas the other types of diffusion can rely upon other means. In this instance the movement was contagious.

According to the map above, which of the following is true of international migration patterns for Sikh populations? A. Sikh populations have created large chain migration patterns to the countries of Anglo-America B. Sikh communities are located in numerous locations throughout the US and Canada C. The majority of Sikh migrants are moving to less developed countries D. Sikh migrants most often move interregionally E. Sikh populations are spread evenly throughout the world

A is correct Sikh movement out of India has lead to migration streams to MDCs, specifically those of Canada and the US. The success of Sikh migration to those specific locations has created chain migration streams and ethnic enclaves.

All of the following are site features except: A. Relative location B. Religions practiced C. Amount of rainfall D. Natural harbors E. Elevation

A is correct Site means the internal physical or cultural characteristics of a place.

Which of the following is an example of a push factor? A. Lack of employment in a migrant's city of residence B. Plentiful jobs in the migrant's chosen destination C. A stable government in the migrant's chosen destination D. A stable government in the migrant's country of origin E. Increase in educational facilities in the country of origin

A is correct The inability to find a job or make enough money in a location would be a push factor.

Which of the following characteristics best represent the group that is the most likely to migrate? A. Single, twenty-five years old B. Single, fifty years old C. Married, fifty years old D. Married, sixty-five years old E. Married, twenty-five years old

A is correct The most common migrant in the world is a young adult in search of economic opportunities.

Historically distance decay created separation between regions of the world. Time-space compression has changed that pattern and helped to increase migration by accomplishing which of the following: A. Decreasing the friction of distance B. Removing racial and cultural barriers C. Creating new occupational fields D. Forming transnational corporations E. Increasing the population of the world

A is correct Time-space compression has made the world feel smaller due to improved transportation and technology. These innovations have helped to offset the difficulty (friction) created by distance.

Transhumance is: A. a type of cyclical migration practiced by semi-nomadic herders B. a type of illegal migration that brings farm workers into the United States C. a type of cyclical migration practiced by migrant farm workers D. a type of cyclical migration where farm workers travel into and out of the United States E. a type of legal guest worker program in Europe

A is correct Transhumance is the movement of people as they take their animals between areas based on the seasons.

If a Vietnamese family moves to California and decides to reside in an area with other Vietnamese families in order to maintain their shared language, customs and beliefs, this is an example of a(n): A. Ethnic enclave B. Pop culture C. Functional region D. Cultural hearth E. Folk culture

A is correct When chain migration occurs areas are formed known as ethnic enclaves. These areas allow specific groups to retain their own cultural identity in a new location.

Which statement about the Male-Female Sex Ratio is most accurate? A. More males are born than females, but females outnumber males after age 80 B. Males outnumber females at all ages C. Males and females are equal in number at all ages D. More females are born than males, but males outnumber females after age 80 E. Females outnumber males at all ages

A is correct Women have a higher life expectancy compared to men, however, they do not outnumber males at birth.

Which of the following countries had the largest decline in birth rate in the last quarter of the twentieth century? A. China B. France C. The United States D. India E. Iran

A. is correct China has had the greatest drop in CBR due to the One-Child Policy

All of the following are examples of a "Brain Drain" EXCEPT: A. migration of Cuban doctors after the rise of Fidel Castro B. migration of Mexican farmers to the United States graduate students from Least C. Developed Countries (LDCs) who choose to stay in the U.S. after graduation D. migration of German aerospace experts following World War II E. migration of Russian scientists after the fall of the Soviet Union

B correct Brain drain is the loss of educated individuals, leaving a lack of growth potential in an area. The loss of agricultural workers will not contribute to brain drain.

Which folk culture architectural style was built to accommodate life in desert climates? A. Log cabins B. Adobe homes C. Teepees D. Cape Cod houses E. Ranch homes

B correct Folk cultures need to use the local resources to craft homes that can help them survive in their environment. Adobe homes were made using mud and allow for homes to absorb the heat during the day and continue to keep the home warm at night.

Which of the following is an example of a physical site characteristic: A. City plaza B. River delta C. Sports arena D. Train hub E. Beltway

B is correct

Which of the following is the belief that one's own culture is the best of better than other cultures? A. Acculturation B. Ethnocentrism C. Stereotyping D. Ethos C. Prejudice

B is correct

Which of the following choices describes the patterns of global growth today? A. All fertility measures are higher in developed and developing countries compared to 25 years ago B. On a global scale fertility measures have fallen over the past 25 years C. Women are having an average of six or more children, leading to the population catastrophe described by Malthus D. Death rate measures in less developed countries have greatly exceeded those of more developed countries during the beginning of the twenty-first century E. In sub-Saharan Africa and the Pacific region, fertility rates have doubled in the past quarter century

B is correct Although the population of the world is at an all-time high, the growth rates world wide have been on the decline since the turn of the twenty-first century.

The major reason for high growth rates in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) is A. the total fertility rate in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) is nearing 7 children born per woman B. advanced medical practices and drugs have dramatically reduced death rates in Less Developed Countries C. people in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) have lower incidence of fatal diseases than people in More Developed Countries (MDCs) D. the birth rate in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) has increased dramatically over the past 50 years E. most people in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) do not have access to birth control

B is correct Countries with the highest growth rates do not experience a spike in birth rates, but rather a drastic drop in death rates. This is due to increased medical treatments and improved sanitation.

One of the most beneficial aspects of the use of a Geographic Information System is: A.GIS can portray the absolute lo cation of items B. GIS can allow for change and updating within a map C. The symbols used in GIS are universally recognized D. The GIS can incorporate topographical information, whereas a traditional map cannot E. GIS can portray all four mapping aspects without the distortion of traditional maps

B is correct GIS allows the operator to include as many 'layers' of data as they want and to analyze any or all of those layers within the GIS

During the 1800s and early 1900s the trends in the demographic transition in Western Europe can best be described by: A. A change in the composition of the population base to include a greater balance of ethnicities B. Increased urbanization and falling birth rates C. A decline in the overall population due to an increasing crude death rate and decreasing crude birth rate D. An increase in migration between European countries E. Large scale movements after periods of war or civil unrest

B is correct In the 1800s and early 1900s, Europe was going through the Industrial Revolution and people were moving to cities and having fewer children.

The flow on the map above most likely represent the movement of: Refugees A. Refugees B. Guest workers C. Petroleum D. Tourists E. Illegal drugs

B is correct North African countries have among the largest abundance of workers moving for jobs. Western Europe needs these people due to their aging population and proximity to the North African countries.

The first wave of immigrants to the United States during the 1800s came from: A. Italy, Russia and Poland B. England, Ireland and Germany C. Asia and Latin America D. Sweden, Norway and Slovakia E. Africa and Oceania

B is correct The immigrants of the early 19th century were coming from Western Europe to fill the industrial jobs being offered in the US.

Since the last two decades of the 20th century, all of the following have added to the rapid population growth in the Sun Belt cities EXCEPT: A. The increasing demand for retirement and resort centers B. Changes in climate leading to colder northern winters C. Immigration from Latin America D. Cheap land and labor E. High amount of federal spending in the South and West

B is correct There have not been dramatic climatic changes limited to only one region in the US.

Which of the following best characterizes time-space compression? Places are decreasing their focus on infrastructure Places feel like they are closer together Places are increasing transportation options Places look the same Places are focusing on neolocal changes

B is correct Time-space compression is the "shrinking" of the world based on advancements in transportation and communication.

The highest Crude Birth Rates (CBR) in the world are found in: A. Latin America B. Sub-Saharan Africa C. Middle East D. China E. Europe

B is correct Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa do not have wide spread access to birth control, do not provide educational opportunities to all women and struggle with economic hardship. These are all contributing factors to a high birth rate.

A fundamental difference between folk culture and popular culture is that folk culture: A. Loses its distinctive characteristics as it crosses national and international boundaries B. Usually set a minority group apart from a region's general population C. Tends to diffuse rapidly across time and space D. Is open to change over time E. Represents universal values and ideals

B is correct Folk cultures are isolated, local and composed of a mostly homogeneous population. These groups are different from the popular cultures that surround them.

Economic drawbacks of globalization include: A. lower currency values B. greater wealth disparity within and between countries C. more expensive goods on the market D. greater wealth disparity within countries E. greater wealth disparity between countries

B is correct Globalization has the side effect of increasing the gap between the "haves and the have-nots"

Which of the following measures has an inverse relationship with the level of development of a particular country? A. Number of physicians B. Birth rate C. Percent of educated women D. Life expectancy E. Percent of urban population

B is correct In any given country, the higher the level of development, the lower the birth rate

Which of the following characteristics applies to MDCs? A. High total fertility rates B. Long life expectancies C. Early stages of epidemiological transition D. Early stages of the demographic transition E. Rapid population growth

B is correct More developed countries will have longer life expectancy because of strong economies and advanced healthcare.

Which of the following projections distorts shape in order to maintain area? A. Mercator Projection B. Peters Projection C. Robinson Projection D. Fuller Projection E. Goode's Homosline Projectio

B is correct The Peters projection appear as if it has been stretched, because shape is disregarded in order to maintain size.

Which of the following is the best definition of cultural landscape as created by Carl Sauer? A. It is the way that homes are built based on local materials. B. It is the product of interactions of cultural ecology. C. It is the illustration of various gardening practices around the world. D. It is the way that humans adapt to their physical environment. E. It is a shared set of non-tangible beliefs and practices.

B is correct The cultural landscape is a product of the way that human groups are influenced by their environment, while at the same time the environment is influenced by the people.

Toponyms in southern Texas reflect which of the following: A. Role of popular culture in North American groups B. Cultural beliefs of the charter group C. Increasing strength of time-space compression D. Importance and value of locational theories E. Influential nature of globalization

B is correct The given names of any particular location reflect the heritage and beliefs of the first group to settle the area

Even though TFR have been declining in some LDCs, the total population has continued to grow. This is primarily because a high percentage of the population is: A. Under the age of 15 B. Receiving adequate medical care C. Over the age of 15, but under 45 D. Female and under 40 E. Male and over 19

B is correct The population in MDCs continues to grow, not because of high RNI, but rather because the elderly population continues to grow (due to healthcare).

All of the following are examples of pro-natalist population programs EXCEPT A. a program that gives women a monetary stipend for having three or more children B. a policy that requires a license to have more than two children a law that requires businesses to give women generous maternity leave policies C.a law that requires businesses to give women generous maternity leave policies D. a law that establishes free and reduced day care for all families E. a law that allows families to receive tax breaks for dependent children

B is correct The requirement to complete paperwork and pay a fee to obtain a license for a larger family would deter many people and as such would be an anti-natality policy

When considering the occupations of people in the Sun Belt, Rust Belt, Cotton Belt, etc. the commonality of occupation makes these belts which type of region? A. Cognitive B. Formal C. Functional D. Vernacular E. Perceptual

B is correct When there is a shared trait among the majority of the people within the region, that is known as a formal region.

Which of the following is the main reason why wine production much lower in the Middle East and South Asia, compared to the rest of the world: A. Lack of technology to harvest grapes B. Religious statutes prohibit drinking C. Vineyards take up too much land reserved for other crops D. Grapes will not grow in these climates E. Lack of arable soil

B is correct While the climates in countries such as Saudi Arabia and Pakistan are not idea for grapes, the main reason for a limited production is that these crops are not needed for wine, which is culturally limited in Muslim countries.

Low life expectancy measures in sub-Saharan Africa can be explained by all of the following reasons EXCEPT A. the diffusion of AIDS B. the spread vaccine resistant diseases C. frequent fighting and ongoing civil wars D. poor sanitation and lack of medical necessities E. famine and food shortages

B is correct answer Sub-Saharan African countries have to deal with impacts from many diseases, but not from advanced microbotic strains, such as SARS.

In developed countries, guest worker programs: A. lead to the loss of white collar jobs B. encourage the diversification of culture in a country C. recruit workers from less developed countries to fill a need for unskilled labor D. are used because native workers cost too much to hire E. often have negative consequences to a country's birth rate

C is correct Guest workers are needed in developed countries (with lower growth rates and graying populations) to fill low-skill jobs.

Relocation diffusion is A. the movement of an idea within an isolated area only B. the spread of an idea from persons of power to other persons C. the spread of an idea or trait through the physical movement of people from one place to another D. the spread of an underlying principle or idea E. the rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population

C is correct Relocation diffusion is based on the movement of people from one location to another. This group will take their beliefs and practices with them.

Which of the following explains Topeka's position in relation to the infrastructure of the United States? A. Absolute location B. Site C. Situation D. Transition zone E. Vernacular region

C is correct Situation allows us to understand what other locations are near a specific place, this illustrates connection and likely interactions

Place deals with a specific location on the earth's surface; longitude and latitude are used to determine which aspect of place? Elevation Site Absolute location Situation Relative location

C is correct The global grid was created to use mathematical precision for location, thus absolute location relies upon lines of latitude and longitude

During the 1800s a large number of Swedes immigrated to Lake County, Minnesota, due to ongoing communications from family members and acquaintances who migrated earlier. This is an example of: A. Net migration B. Counterurbanization C. Chain migration D. Brain drain E. Internal migration

C is correct Chain migration occurs when groups of people from the same origin move to the same new location. These movements occur in waves.

Neo-Malthusian theory believes that A. governments should discourage population growth because industrial growth is slowing in the developed countries B. Technology will equalize birth rates worldwide C. in addition to outstripping food supply, world population growth is also overtaxing other resources like fuel and energy D. population growth in Least Developed Countries (LCDs) will end as the population in those countries becomes more educated E. More Developed Countries (MDCs) will experience a population crash due to the aging of their populations

C is correct Malthus believed that people would grow exponentially, but food production would lag behind. Neo-Malthusians believe this theory is accurate when considering resources besides just food

Physiological population density differs from crude population density in that physiological density: A. Examines only the population of cities, while crude density includes the population of cities and rural areas B. Is the number of people per housing per unit, while crude density is the number of people per square mile C. Explains density in terms of people per arable square land unit, while crude density explains density of people per total square land unit D. Is a measure of how density is perceived, while crude density is a measure of specific density E. Explains the density of a single housing unit, while crude density explains the density of a group of houses

C is correct Physiological density is more meaningful because it reveals the population in relationship to useful land.

Which of the following is true of popular culture? A. Folk culture is more fluid whereas pop culture beliefs are fixed B. The spread of popular culture is based on relocation diffusion C. Popular culture includes practices that diffuse quickly on an international level D. The cultural traits of a popular culture are shared among and within a homogeneous group of people E. Popular cultures promote regional diversity

C is correct Pop culture beliefs and practices move quickly reaches any number of locations and groups, which makes it heterogeneous in nature and located throughout the world.

All of the following characteristics can be used to delineate a region EXCEPT: A. all areas of a region are predominantly Hindu B. all areas of a region lie within certain latitude lines C. all of the above are valid characteristics for defining regions D. all areas of a region speak either English or French or both E. all areas of a region suffer from annual droughts

C is correct Remember that regions are created to delineate places (or a group of places) that are different from the areas around them.

Austin is located on the Colorado River in the eastern portion of the state of Texas. There is a large university, an active music scene and has a humid, sub-tropical climate. Austin's economy attracts corporate headquarters. This information describes Austin's: A. Relative distance B. Situation C. Site D. Perceptual region E. Landscape

C is correct Site characteristics are the physical and cultural characteristics of a specific place.

When Buddhist practices were developed in India, the belief in reincarnation was integrated (although originally it was a Hindu belief). The spread of this idea is an example of which type of diffusion? A. Relocation B. Migration C. Stimulus D. Hierarchical E. Contagious

C is correct Stimulus diffusion occurs when only part of an idea or belief is transmitted. In this example, all Hindu beliefs were not accepted into the Buddhist faith, but some parts were.

The evolution of human geography as a multidisciplinary field of study is a result of all of the following EXCEPT A. geography not being recognized as an independent academic field until the 19th century B. theories and practices collected and preserved from various civilizations over the centuries C. the work of early cartographers was accurate and able to remain relevant today D. the fact that geographers work closely with other researchers, including sociologists, statisticians and epidemiologists E. the sheer magnitude of information available to human geographers today

C is correct The work of the early geographers was a starting point, but has changed dramatically.

A country in the end stage of the demographic transition would be characterized by: A. High population density B. High birth and low death rates C. Low birth and low death rates D. A high crude death rate E. A high infant mortality rate

C is correct answer Countries at the end of the DTM have low birth rates due to education and social choice and have low death rates due to technological advances.

Which of the following men initially addressed the subject of cultural ecology as a part of geography? A. Ptolemy B. Eratosthenes C. George Perkins Marsh D. Carl Sauer E. W.D. Pattison

C. is correct George Perkins Marsh is considered to be one of the first environmental conservationists and wrote a book, Man and Nature, discussing the impact of man on physical processes and landscapes.

A country in the first stage of the demographic transition model would be characterized by: A. Low birth rates, low death rates and a low natural increase rate B. High birth rates, high death rates and a low natural increase rate C. An aging population structure D. High birth rates and low death rates E. High birth rates, high death rates and a high natural increase rate

A is correct Countries in stage 1 (based on hunting and gathering for survival) would have very low growth rates, because a high birth rate would be matched by a high death rate

The spread of the use of bifocals into Australia with the influx of British immigrants is an example of which concept? A. Relocation diffusion B. Hierarchical diffusion C. Contagious diffusion D. Stimulus diffusion E. Migrant diffusion

A is correct The idea spread with the actual movement of people, while also remaining in the original location. This is known as relocation diffusion.

All of the following are circumstances in which high birth rates could pose a challenge for a country except: A. A country with a large graying population B. If a country's economy grows at a slower rate than the Crude Birth Rate (CBR) C. If a country is unable to provide adequate health care for its citizens D. If a country's population structure resembles a pyramid E. If a country's natural resources are depleted in an unsustainable manner

A is correct A country with a high graying population would welcome an increased birth rate in order to augment the aging population.

A formal region is different than other types of regions because: A. A formal region is based around a shared similarity B. A formal region is tied specifically to government structures C. A formal region is opinion based D. A formal region includes a node E. A formal region matches political boundaries

A is correct A formal region is classified by a shared internal characteristic, which makes the area different from other locations.

Which of the following countries would have the lowest numebr of people compared to the amount of arable land? A. Argentina B. Guatemala C. Egypt D. Bangladesh E. Netherlands

A is correct Argentina has a high amount of arable land, so there are not a lot of people per unit.

According to the map above Chinese immigration has impacted which of the following US regions the LEAST: A. The Great Plains B. Northeast C. Midwest D. Northwest E. West coast

A is correct Chinese immigration follows urban patterns throughout the US, however, due to geographic location of the West coast and Northwest to mainland China, the population is much greater there.

Hierarchical diffusion is A. the spread of an idea from persons of power to other persons B. the movement of an idea within an isolated area only C. the spread of an underlying principle or idea D. the rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population E. the spread of an idea or trait through the physical movement of people from one place to another

A is correct Hierarchal diffusion starts in areas with influence and spreads from there. The power associated with an area allows for practices from that area to be followed and spread.

All of the following are true in respect to Mandarin Chinese EXCEPT: A. It is the dominant international language B. It is the lingua franca of East Asia C. It is the largest language in the Sino-Tibetan language family D. It is the largest native language in the world E. The number of secondary speakers is increasing

A is correct Mandarin Chinese is spoken by nearly one billion native speakers and is increasing in use and importance. However, English is still the most widely spoken language in the world.

Which of the following was an example of forced migration? A. Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade B. India-Pakistan migration after gaining independence C. Chinese traders' migration to Southeast Asia D. Spanish migration to the Western Hemisphere E. Settlement of the western frontier in the United States

A is correct Many Africans were forced to leave their home to become slaves in the "New World".

Contagious diffusion can be seen in history in the way that: A. The practice of the Ghost Dance by Native American tribes throughout the American West in the late 1890s B. Nigerian farmers receiving access to technological advancements through companies such as John Deere C. Bill Gates spread his ideas about education through his company and his philanthropic foundations D. Amish migrants used horse and buggies to move towards Ohio, although settlements continue to exist in Pennsylvania and Indiana E. Protestant reformers spread their ideas into Western and Northern Europe, but Catholicism remained in other portions of Europe

A is correct Contagious diffusion allows an idea/practice or disease to spread through direct contact with people and the idea seems to spread quickly and impact a large number of people. The Native American Ghost Dance spread among the village leaders in a hope that the removal of Native American lands and rights would stop.

International migrants often save money in their new country in order to send the money back to their families in their country of origin. What is the term for this financial transaction? A. Remittance B. Reparations C. Foreign direct investment D. Wealth redistribution E. Quotas

A is correct Many migrants are moving in search of economic opportunities, which allow them to provide financially for their families. These money being sent back home is known as a remittance.

Japan's dependency rate has continued to increase due to which of the following? A. An increased in the rate of natural increase B. An increase in the crude death rate C. An increase in life expectancy D. An increase in the maternal mortality rate E. An increase in the total fertility rate

C correct answer Japan has the world's highest life expectancy, at nearly 84 years of age. The growing elderly population creates more dependents to be supported.

Which of the following examples helps demonstrate why scale is important? Maps showing France before and during WWII Maps showing birth rates in Christian nations versus Muslim nations Maps showing crime rates in Georgia and crimes rates in Atlanta Maps of unemployment under different American presidents Maps showing Spanish territory in North American colonies

C is correct