A+P Lab 5
While walking barefoot on the beach, Joe stepped on a thorn that penetrated through the sole of his foot to the dermis. How many layers of epidermis did the thorn penetrate?
5
Epidermal growth factor stimulates __________.
All of the listed responses are correct.
Which of the following happens if body temperature rises above normal?
Blood flow to the skin increases.
In exfoliative cytology, epithelial cells are removed and examined without any lasting damage to the tissue from which these cells are removed. Why is there usually NO lasting damage?
Epithelial tissue is capable of regeneration.
________ sweat glands are widely distributed across the body surface, ________ glands are located wherever hair follicles exist, and ________ sweat glands are found only in a few areas.
Merocrine; sebaceous; apocrine
Sheila is an American Indian, Jordan is an African American, and Melissa is Asian American. List these individuals in the order of who has the most melanocytes to who has the least.
The order does not matter because they all have roughly the same number of melanocytes
Two women are comparable in age, body conformation, and are pregnant at the same time, but one experiences stretch marks, while the other does not. What would be a possible hypothesis for why there was an observed difference?
The woman with stretch marks has a greater collagen-to-elastic fiber ratio.
The effects of aging on the skin include
a decline in the activity of sebaceous glands.
During the winter months, populations living in cold climates show greater frequency of broken bones than populations living in warm, sunny climates. What might be a possible solution to this problem?
a dietary supplement of cholecalciferol
A child who skins his knee in a fall has a(n)
abrasion.
Which type of loose connective tissue provides padding, cushions shock, reduces heat loss, and stores energy? Where are some places in the body this type of tissue is commonly found? (Figure 4-11)
adipose tissue; deep to the skin at sides, buttocks, and breasts
Which surface attaches to the underlying epithelial cells or deeper tissues?
basal
Skin cancer that starts in the mitotically most active epidermal layer is called
basal cell carcinoma.
Accumulations of fluid within the epidermis or between the epidermis and the dermis is/are called
blisters.
Which muscle cell type has visible striations but is not under voluntary control?
cardiac
The pigment found in vegetables that can make the skin appear orange or yellow is called
carotene.
In "simple columnar epithelium," which word describes cell shape and which word describes the number of cell layers? (Figure 4-6)
columnar; simple
While assessing a patient, you discover that after pinching the skin on the back of the hand, it remains peaked. This is a sign of
dehydration.
Which structure typically receives information from other neurons?
dendrite
Ultraviolet light causes production of vitamin D3 in the cells of the __________.
epidermis
Exfoliative cytology involves the removal of epithelial cells for examination. Which of the following is NOT a clinical application of exfoliative cytology?
examination of cardiac muscle cells after a heart attack
Which of the following is correct about Lanugo hairs?
exists primarily in fetuses
The combination of blood clot, fibroblasts, and extensive capillary network that is formed in injured skin is called ________ tissue
granulation
Hair growth is due to the continual division of the basal cells of the __________.
hair matrix
Which pigment is responsible for blushing?
hemoglobin
The skin can move easily over the underlying muscles because of the loose connective tissue within the __________.
hypodermis
Rapid water loss from burned skin is an extreme form of ________ perspiration.
insensible
The protein that reduces water loss at the skin surface is
keratin.
What are the dermal sensory structures that sense deep pressure?
lamellar corpuscle
An albino individual lacks the ability to produce
melanin.
The most dangerous type of skin cancer is called
melanoma.
Cyanosis signifies that a patient has
oxygen-starved skin.
Which layer of the dermis contains the capillaries, lymphatic vessels, and sensory nerve fibers that supply the epidermis?
papillary layer
A marked loss in strength and elasticity of connective tissue characterizes Marfan's syndrome. Which connective tissue component imparts strength and elasticity?
proteinaceous connective tissue fibers
The layer of the skin that contains bundles of collagen and elastic fibers responsible for the strength of the skin is the ________ layer.
reticular
A deficiency disease that illustrates the effect of integumentary system function on the structure of the skeletal system is
rickets.
Nail production occurs at the nail
root
The network of sensory nerves that surrounds the base of each hair follicle is the
root hair plexus.
A bacterial infection that is often fatal in burn patients is called
sepsis.
The proximal tubule of the nephron (kidney tubule) in the kidney is composed of which type of epithelium?
simple cuboidal epithelium
The wall of the alveolus (air sac) in the lung is composed of which type of epithelium?
simple squamous epithelium
Which of the three muscle cell types has multiple nuclei?
skeletal
Which part of the neuron (a specialized nerve cell) receives signals from other cells and is also the main metabolic region of the neuron?
soma
Which epithelium, shown at the end of the arrow, is responsible for protection, secretion, and absorption?
stratified cuboidal
The epithelium of the esophagus is composed of which type of epithelial tissue?
stratified squamous epithelium
Which plexus supplies blood to the capillary loops that follow the epidermis-dermis boundary? (Figure 5-6)
subcapillary plexus
Coarse pigmented hairs are called ________ hairs.
terminal
The type of burn that may require a skin graft is a ________ burn.
third-degree
Fine hairs (like "velvet") that lack pigment and cover much of the body surface are called ________ hairs.
vellus
