Ap Physics 1 mcq 2
A student swings a ball on a light rod at a constant speed in a vertical circle, as shown in the figure. Which of the following correctly ranks the magnitudes of the forces exerted by the rod on the ball F1F1, F2F2, F3F3, and F4F4 when the ball is at locations 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively?
(F2=F3)>F4>F1
Three identical rocks are launched with identical speeds from the top of a platform of height 0 h . The rocks are launched in the directions indicated above. Which of the following correctly relates the magnitude vy of the vertical component of the velocity of each rock immediately before it hits the ground?
(vy1 = vy2) > vy3
A student sets an object attached to a spring into oscillatory motion and uses a motion detector to record the velocity of the object as a function of time. A portion of the recorded data is shown in the figure above.
-5 cm /s -The slope of the tangent to a best-fit sinusoidal curve at 0.7 s -1.60 Hz
A meterstick with a uniformly distributed mass of 0.5 kg0.5 kg is supported by a pivot placed at the 0.25 m0.25 m mark from the left, as shown. At the left end, a small object of mass 1.0 kg1.0 kg is placed at the zero mark, and a second small object of mass 0.5 kg0.5 kg is placed at the 0.5 m0.5 m mark. The meterstick is supported so that it remains horizontal, and then it is released from rest. One second after it is released, what is the change in the angular momentum of the meterstick?
0
Three identical rocks are launched with identical speeds from the top of a platform of height 0 h . The rocks are launched in the directions indicated above. Rock 1, of mass m, reaches a maximum height hmax after being launched. During the time between the instant rock 1 is launched from height h0 and the instant it returns to height h0, the work done on the rock by the gravitational force is
0
Two carts of masses 1kg1kg and 2kg2kg travel together, as shown in Figure 11. At time t=2 st=2 s, a compressed spring inside the 2kg2kg cart expands, and the carts separate. Figure 22 shows a graph of the carts' velocities as a function of time. What is the magnitude of the change in linear momentum, if any, of the two-cart system between t=0 st=0 s and t=4 st=4 s?
0kg⋅m/s
A 2kg box is pushed from rest across a horizontal surface where friction between the box and the surface is negligible. Students record the applied force at several equally spaced positions while pushing the box and create the graph shown. The change in momentum of the box is most nearly
12kg⋅m/s
A 2.5 g marshmallow is placed in one end of a 40 cm pipe, as shown in the figure above. A person blows into the left end of the pipe to eject the marshmallow from the right end. The average net force exerted on the marshmallow while it is in the pipe is 0.7 N. The speed of the marshmallow as it leaves the pipe is most nearly
15 m/s
A 0.5 kg pendulum bob is raised to 1.0 m above the floor, as shown in the figure above. The bob is then released from rest. When the bob is 0.8 m above the floor, its speed is most nearly
2 m/s
During an experiment a student records the net horizontal force exerted on an object moving in a straight line along a horizontal frictionless track. The graph above shows the force as a function of time. Of the following, which is the best approximation of the magnitude of the change in momentum of the object between 0 s and 4 s?
30 kg ⋅ m/s
Four different constant forces are exerted on a 2.0 kg2.0 kg object. The figure represents the magnitude and direction of each force. If the object is initially at rest, how long will it take the object to reach a speed of 2.0 m/s2.0 m/s?
4.0 s
An apple is released from rest 500 m above the ground. Due to the combined forces of air resistance and gravity, it has a speed of 40 m s when it reaches the ground. What percentage of the initial mechanical energy of the apple-Earth system was dissipated due to air resistance? Take the potential energy of the apple-Earth system to be zero when the apple reaches the ground.
84%
A meterstick is held as shown above and then released from rest. The tabletop has negligible friction. Which figure below best indicates the path of the center of mass of the meterstick as it falls?
A line pointing straight down
The figure above shows a rod that is fixed to a horizontal surface at pivot P. The rod is initially rotating without friction in the counterclockwise direction. At time t, three forces of equal magnitude are applied to the rod as shown. Which of the following is true about the angular speed and direction of rotation of the rod immediately after time t ?
Angular Speed- Decreasing Direction of Rotation- Counterclockwise
Two blocks are on a horizontal, frictionless surface. Block A is moving with an initial velocity of v0 toward block B, which is stationary, as shown above. The two blocks collide, stick together, and move off with a velocity of v0/3 . Which block, if either, has the greater mass?
Block B
Two systems are in oscillation: a simple pendulum swinging back and forth through a very small angle and a block oscillating on a spring. The block-spring system takes twice as much time as the pendulum to complete one oscillation. Which of the following changes could make the two systems oscillate with the same period?
Decreasing the mass of both the block and the pendulum bob
Two students need to move two identical boxes of mass M0M0 across a room where friction between the floor and the boxes cannot be neglected. One student moves the first box by pushing with a force of magnitude F0F0 at an angle θθ from the horizontal, as shown in the figure for scenario 1. The other student moves the second box by pulling with a force of magnitude F0F0 at the same angle θθ from the horizontal, as shown in the figure for scenario 2.
F0cosθ−μ(M0g−F0sinθ)/M0
A cart of mass mm rolls past the circular bottom of a hill (point PP). Which of the following statements about the normal force FnFn exerted on the cart at point PP is correct?
Fn is greater than mg at point PP, because the cart is experiencing an upward acceleration.
A regular hexagon of uniform density is initially at rest and free to rotate about an axis at its center. Three forces, FAFA, FBFB, and FCFC, have equal magnitude and are able to be applied in the direction and at the point shown in the figure. Which of these forces, if applied individually and for the same time interval, will produce the greatest increase in the hexagon's angular speed?
Force FA
Blocks X and Y are glued together and released from rest on a ramp with negligible friction, as shown in trial 1. The blocks are then separated and connected by a light spring, as shown in trial 2. The spring is compressed and the blocks are again released from rest on the ramp. Immediately after the blocks are released, is the net force on the two-block system the same or different between trial 1 and trial 2? Immediately after the blocks are released, is the net force on block Y the same or different between trial 1 and trial 2?
Force on the System- The same Force on Block Y- Different
A disk with radius of 0.5 m is free to rotate around its center without friction. A string wrapped around the disk is pulled, as shown above, exerting a 2 N force tangent to the edge of the disk for 1 s. If the disk starts from rest, what is its angular speed after 1 s?
It cannot be determined without knowing the rotational inertia of the disk.
The graph above shows the speed of a truck as it moves along a straight, level road. Which of the following describe a method to determine the distance d the truck travels during the 10 s time interval shown? Select two answers.
Multiply the average speed of 18 m/s by the 10 s travel time. Calculate the area under the line in the graph.
On a straight horizontal track along which blocks can slide with negligible friction, block 1 slides toward block 2, which is initially at rest. Block 1 collides with an electronic force probe attached to block 2, generating a force vs. time graph and causing block 2 to start sliding. What additional measurements must be made to determine the momentum of block 2 after the collision?
None
The position as a function of time for two objects moving along a straight line is shown in the graph. Which statement is true about the distances the two object have traveled at time tf?
Object 1 has traveled a greater distance.
A cylinder at rest is released from the top of a ramp, as shown above. The ramp is 1.0 m high, and the cylinder rolls down the ramp without slipping. At the bottom of the ramp, the cylinder makes a smooth transition to a small section of a horizontal table and then travels over the edge at a height of 1.0 m above the floor, eventually landing on the floor at a horizontal distance of 1.5 m from the table. As the cylinder rolls down the ramp, how do the potential energy of the cylinder-Earth system and the kinetic energy of the cylinder change, if at all?
P.E of Cylinder earth system- decreases K.E of cylinder- increases Rotational K.E- stays the same Translational K.E- increases Ks = Kc , because the gravitational force does equal work on each object as it rolls down the ramp.
Three identical forces of magnitude F0F0 are applied to a meterstick that rests on a horizontal table, as shown in the diagram. At what location on the meterstick would a fourth force, also of magnitude F0F0, need to be applied in order to establish static equilibrium?
Point B
At time t = 0 two figure skaters are moving together over ice with negligible friction, as shown above. Skater 1, represented by the large black dot, is twice as massive as skater 2, represented by the gray dot. At t = 2 s the skaters push off of one another. The location of skater 1 is shown at t = 4 s . At t = 4 s , skater 2 is located at which of the labeled points?
Point D
The figure above shows the paths of two stars of equal mass as they orbit their common center of mass. The positions of the stars at four different times are labeled in the figure. At which of the positions do the stars have their greatest speed?
Position 4 only
Two students need to move two identical boxes of mass M0M0 across a room where friction between the floor and the boxes cannot be neglected. One student moves the first box by pushing with a force of magnitude F0F0 at an angle θθ from the horizontal, as shown in the figure for scenario 1. The other student moves the second box by pulling with a force of magnitude F0F0 at the same angle θθ from the horizontal, as shown in the figure for scenario 2.
Scenario 1 is a straight line that is close to the bottom whilst scenario 2 is a positive slope up
The energy bar charts shown in the figure indicate the gravitational potential energy UU and total kinetic energy KK for a system at two different times, t1t1 and a later time t2t2. The tables describe four different situations.
Situation B Situation D
A water-skier with weight Fg = mg moves to the right with acceleration a. A horizontal tension force T is exerted on the skier by the rope, and a horizontal drag force Fd is exerted by the water on the ski. The water also exerts a vertical lift force L on the skier. Which of the following are correct relationships between the forces exerted on the skier-ski system? Select two answers.
T-Fd=ma L-Fg = 0
The figure above represents a stick of uniform density that is attached to a pivot at the right end and has equally spaced marks along its length. Any one of the four forces shown can be exerted on the stick as indicated. Which force will create the largest rate of change in the stick's angular momentum?
The 60 N force
Two identical spheres are attached to opposite ends of a thin rod of negligible mass, as shown in the figure. The spheres-rod system is thrown straight upward and is rotating counterclockwise as it moves through the air. Which of the following is correct about the angular momentum of the spheres-rod system while it is in the air? What is a valid justification?
The angular momentum remains constant because there is never a net torque acting on the system.
Two model cars, A and B, have the same mass but different bumpers. The acceleration of each car during its collision with a wall is measured, and the data are shown in the graphs above. Which of the following statements about the collisions are correct? Select two answers.
The cars experience approximately the same impulse. The change in momentum for car B occurs over a shorter period of time than for car A.
A vehicle lands on Mars and explores its surface. The average gravitational field on the surface of Mars is 3.7 N kg . The weight of the vehicle is defined as the gravitational force exerted on it. Which of the following statements are true about the vehicle's weight? Select two answers.
The vehicle's weight increased while it was descending to the surface of Mars. The vehicle weighs less on the surface of Mars than on the surface of Earth.
The graphs above show the magnitude F of a force exerted on an object as a function of the object's position x for two trials in an experiment. W1 and W2 are the work done on the object by force 1 and force 2, respectively. How do W1 and W2 compare, and why?
W1 < W2 , because the average value of force 1 is smaller than the average value of force 2.
Two identical cars, car 1 and car 2, are moving in opposite directions on a straight road. The position of each car as a function of time is represented in the graph. What is the speed of the center of mass of the two-car system?
Zero
A hollow plastic ball is projected into the air. There is significant air resistance opposing the ball's motion, so the magnitude of the ball's acceleration is not equal to g. At time t, the ball is moving up and to the right at an angle of 45° to the horizontal, as shown above. Which of the following best shows the magnitude a and the direction of the ball's acceleration at time t ?
circle thats point down left that has a>g
A small block slides without friction along a track toward a circular loop. The block has more than enough speed to remain firmly in contact with the track as it goes around the loop. The magnitude of the block's acceleration at the top of the loop is
greater than g
A block is released from rest and slides down a frictionless ramp inclined at 30° from the horizontal. When the block reaches the bottom, the block-Earth system has mechanical energy E0. The experiment is repeated, but now horizontal and vertical forces of magnitude F are exerted on the block while it slides, as shown above. When the block reaches the bottom, the mechanical energy of the block-Earth system
is greater than E0
A box of mass m is initially at rest at the top of a ramp that is at an angle θ with the horizontal. The block is at a height h and length L from the bottom of the ramp. The block is released and slides down the ramp. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the ramp is µ . What is the kinetic energy of the box at the bottom of the ramp?
mgh - µmgL cos θ
The position as a function of time for two objects moving along a straight line is shown in the graph. At which of the following times do the two objects have the same velocity?
tC
Block 11 slides rightward on the floor toward an ideal spring attached to block 22, as shown. At time t1t1, block 11 reaches the spring and starts compressing it as block 22 also starts to slide to the right. At a later time, t2t2, block 11 loses contact with the spring. Both blocks slide with negligible friction. Taking rightward as positive, which pair of graphs could represent the acceleration of block 22 and the center-of-mass acceleration of the two-block system?
the first graph has a tit and the second one is a straight line
The figure above shows a truck pulling three crates across a rough road. Which of the following shows the directions of all the horizontal forces acting on crate 2 ?
three arrows pointing to the left (rope, crate 3, friction) cable arrow to the right
Two identical objects, X and Y, move toward each other at different speeds on a horizontal surface with negligible friction, as shown in the top figure. The objects then collide elastically and move away from each other. The kinetic energy of object X as a function of time is shown in the graph. Which of the following is true of the speed vYvY of object Y?
vY after the collision is greater than it was before the collision.
A block slides down an inclined plane whose roughness varies. Only during time interval 1 does the block slide with negligible friction. The coefficient of kinetic friction during time interval 3 is twice the coefficient of kinetic friction during time interval 2. The graph shows the block's velocity as a function of time. The table lists the mechanical energy dissipated due to friction over the different time intervals. Which of the following claims is true?
|W3|>|W2|>|W4|
