AP Physics - Semester 1 Multiple Choice

Write the number 5.92 x 10^-5 in full with a decimal point and correct number of zeros

0.000 059 2

Two vectors A and B have components (0,1) and (-1,3) respectively. What are the components of the sum of these two vectors?

(-1, 4)

A fighter plane moving 200 m/s horizontally fires a projectile with speed 50.0 m/s in a forward direction 30.0e below the horizontal. What is the speed of the projectile with respect to a stationary observer on the ground?

245 m/s

Sue and Sean are having a tug-of-war by pulling on opposite ends of a 5.0 kg rope. She pulls with a 15 N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at 2.0 m/s^2?

5.0 N

The radius of the earth is 3 963mi. What is the surface area of the earth in square meters? (1mi = 1609m)

5.1 x 10^14 m^2

A point on a wheel rotating at 5.00 rev/s is located 0.200 m from the axis. What is the centripetal acceleration?

198 m/s^2

The number of significant figures in 0.40m is

2

What is the percent uncertainty in the measurement 2.58+-0.15cm

5.8%

The average life of an animal is 70 years. Assume one numerical figure, write this in power of ten in seconds

2 x 10^9s

What, approximately, is the percent uncertainty for the measurement 5.2?

2%

A ly (light year) is the distance that light travels in one year. The speed of light is 3.00 × 108 m/s. How many miles are there in a ly? (1 mi = 1609 m, 1 yr = 365 days)

5.88 x 10^12

A plane is flying due South (180 degrees) at 500 km/h. A wind blows from East to West (270 degrees) at 45.0 km/h. Find the planes velocity with respect to the ground.

502 km/h at 185 degrees

A constant net force acts on an object. Describe the motion of the object.

Constant acceleration

Object A and B both start at rest. They both accelerate at the same rate. However, object A accelerated for twice the time as object B. What is the distance traveled by object A compared to object B?

four times as far

You are throwing a ball for the second time. If the ball leaves your hand with twice the velocity it had on your first throw, its horizontal range R (compared to your first serve) would be

four times as much

A child's toy is suspended from the ceiling by means of a string. The earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is the "action force," what is the "reaction force?"

The toy pulling upward on the earth with an 8.0 N force

Express the following sum with the correct number of significant figures: 1.00kg + 1531g + 2.54 x 10^4mg

2.56kg

An average human has a heart rate of 70 beats per minute. If someone's heart beats at an average rate over a 70 year lifetime, how many times would it beat?

2.6 x 10^9

A roller coaster car is on a track that forms a circular loop in the vertical plane. If the car is to just maintain contact with the track at the top of the loop, what is the minimum value for centripetal acceleration at this point?

g downward

If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same force that you push a 10-kg mass from rest,

the 4.0-kg mass accelerates 2.5 times faster than the 10-kg mass.

You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, when you suddenly fall backward. You can imply from this that the bus's

velocity is increased

A girl throws a rock horizontally, with a velocity of 10 m/s, from a bridge. It falls 20 m to the water below. How far does the rock travel horizontally before striking the water?

20 m

If a ball is thrown with a velocity of 25 m/s at an angle of 37 degrees above the horizontal, what is the horizontal component of the velocity?

20 m/s

How many m/s is 50mph equivalent to? (1mi = 1609m)

22 m/s

A wooden block slides directly down an inclined plane, at a constant velocity of 6.0 m/s. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of 25 degrees with the horizontal?

0.47

An object is on a frictionless inclined plane. The plane is inclined at an angle of 30.0 degrees with the horizontal. What is the objects acceleration?

0.50 g

A swimmer heading directly across a river that is 200 m wide reaches the opposite bank in 6 min 40 s. During this swim, she is swept downstream 480 m. How fast can she swim in still water?

0.50 m/s

A jumper in the long-jump goes into the jump with a speed of 12 m/s at an angle of 20° above the horizontal. How long is the jumper in the air?

0.84 s

What is the difference, in meters, between 103.5m and 102.24m

1.3

The coefficients of static and kinetic friction for plastic on wood are 0.50 and 0.40, respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

1.5 N

What is the centripetal acceleration of a point on the perimeter of a bicycle wheel of a diameter of 70 cm when the bike is moving at 8.0 m/s?

1.8 x 10^2 m/s^2

A boat, whose speed in still water is 8.0 m/s, is directed across a river with a current of 6.0 m/s. What is the speed of the boat as it crosses the river?

10 m/s

An object starts at rest and undergoes uniform acceleration. During the first second it travels 5.0 m. How far will it move during the next second?

15 m

A car is negotiating a flat circular curve of radius 50 m with a speed of 20 m/s. The maximum centripetal force provided by friction is 1.2 x 10^4 N. What is the mass of the car?

1500 kg

A person stands 35.0m from a flagpole. With a protractor at eye level, he finds that the angle at the top of the flagpole makes with the horizontal is 25.0 degrees. How high is the flagpole? (The distance from his feet to his eyes is 1.7m)

18.0m

If two vectors originally point in the same direction, the resultant is the smallest when the angle between them is

180 degrees

If you walk 6.0 km in a straight line in a direction north of east and you end up 2.0 km north and several kilometers east. How many degrees have you walked?

19 degrees

An airplane travels at 300 mph south for 2.00 h and then at 250 mph north for 750 miles. What is the average speed of the trip?

270 mph

A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly at 3.0 m/s^2. A second car starts from rest 6.0s later at the same point and accelerated uniformly at 5.0 m/s^2. How long does it take the second car to overtake first car?

27s

A person of weight 480 N stands on a scale in an elevator. What will the scale be reading when the elevator is accelerating downward at 4.00 m/s^2?

284 N

A horizontal force of 5.0 N accelerates a 4.0 kg mass, from rest, at a rate of 0.50 m/s^2 in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

3.0 N

Write the number 0.000 34 in power of ten notation

3.4 x 10^-4

A boat can move at 30 km/h in still water. How long will it take to move 12 km upstream in a river flowing 6.0 km/h?

30 min

What is the volume, and it's approximate uncertainty, if a sphere of radius 1.96+-0.01m

31.5+-0.5 m^3

A projectile is launched with an initial velocity of 60.0 m/s at an angle of 30.0 degrees above the horizontal. How far does it travel?

318 m

A rope one-meter long rests on a table where the coefficient of friction is 0.50. What maximum length of rope can hang over the side before the whole rope will slip off?

33 cm

A 400-m tall tower casts a 600-m long shadow over a level ground. At what angle is the sun elevated above the horizon?

34 degrees

How many significant figures does the number 15.00g have

4

An object moves with a constant speed of 20.0 m/s on a circular track of 100.0 m. What is the acceleration of the object?

4.0 m/s^2

An airplane increases its speed from 100 m/a to 160 m/s, at the average rate of 15 m/s^2. How much time does it take for the complete increase in speed?

4.0 s

What is the result of 1.58cm/0.379 3cm?

4.17

A rectangle is 3.25m long and 1.5m wide. What is its area?

4.9m^2

A jet fighter plane is launched from a catapult on an aircraft carrier. It reaches a speed of 42 m/s at the end of the catapult, and this requires 2.0 s. Assuming the acceleration is constant, what is the length of the catapult?

42 m

The maximum speed around a level curve is 30.0 km/h. What is the maximum speed around a curve with twice the radius? (Assume all other factor remain unchanged.)

42.4 km/h

A car traveling 30 m/s is able to stop in a distance d. Assuming the same braking force, what distance does this car require to stop when it is traveling twice as fast?

4d

Determine the number of significant figures in 100.01cm

5

Vector A = (1, 3). Vector B = (3, 0). Vector C = A + B . What is the magnitude of C?

5

Starting from city A, a car drives 250miles east to city B, then 3000miles north to city C, and finally 700miles west to city D. What is the distance between city A and city D?

540miles

The acceleration due to gravity on the moon is one-sixth of that on earth. If you hit a baseball on the moon with the same effort (and at the same speed and angle) that you would on earth, the ball would land

6 times as far

A polar bear starts at the north pole. It travels 1 km south, then 1.0 km east, then 1.0 km north to return to its starting point: This trip takes 30 min. What is the bears average speed?

6.0 km/h

If you are driving 90 km/h along a straight road and you look to the right for 3.0s, how far do you travel during this inattentive period?

75 m

A ball thrown horizontally from a point 24 m above the ground, strikes the ground after traveling horizontally a distance of 18 m. With what speed was it thrown?

8.1 m/s

A motorist travels 160 km at 80 km/h and 160 km at 100 km/h. What is the average speed of the motorist for this trip?

89 km/h

A stone is thrown horizontally with an initial speed of 10 m/s from the edge of a cliff. A stop watch measures the stone's trajectory time from the top of the cliff to the bottom to be 4.3 s. What is the height of the cliff?

91 m

Action-reaction forces

Always act of different objects

A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle with the horizontal. The normal reaction force excreted by the plane on the block is

Mg cos(angle)

Who has a greater weight to mass ratio, a person weighing 400 N or a person weighing 600 N?

Neither; their ratios are the same

If you blow up a balloon, and then release it, the balloon will fly away. This is an illustration of

Newton's third law

Two objects are thrown from the top of a tall building. One is thrown up, and the other is thrown down, both with the same initial speed. What are their speeds when they hit the street?

They are traveling the same speed

A bullet is fired horizontally, and at the same instant a second bullet is dropped from the same height. Ignore air resistance. Compare the times of fall of the two bullets.

They hit at the same time

Can an object's velocity change when it's acceleration is constant?

Yes, this is possible, and a rock thrown straight up is an example

A packing crate slides down an inclined ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can deduce that

a frictional force is acting on it

An object is moving with constant non-zero acceleration in the +x axis. The position versus time graph of this object is

a parabolic curve

Which of the following is an accurate statement? a. A vector cannot have zero magnitude if one of its components is not zero b. the magnitude of a vector can be less than the magnitude of one of its components c. If the magnitude of vector A is less than the magnitude of vector B, then the x-component is less than the x-component of B d. The magnitude of a vector can be positive or negative

a. A vector cannot have zero magnitude if one of its components is not zero

Which of the following is an example of a scalar quantity? a. speed b. displacement c. force d. acceleration

a. speed

A net force F acts on a mass m and produces an acceleration a. What acceleration results if a net force 2F acts on mass 4m?

a/2

The slope of a velocity versus time graph gives

acceleration

If you except a force F on an object, the force which the object experts on you will

always be F

Human reaction time is usually greater than 0.1 s. If your friend holds a ruler between your fingers and releases it without warning, how far can you expect the ruler to fall before you catch it?

at least 4.9 cm

Which of the following has three significant figures? a. 305.0cm b. 0.050 0mm c. 1.000 81kg d. 8.060 x 10^11m

b. 0.050 0mm

A pilot drops a bomb from a plane flying horizontally at a constant speed. Neglecting air resistance, when the bomb hits the ground the horizontal location of the plane will

be over the bomb

A brick and a feather fall to the earth at their respective terminal velocities. Which object experiences the greater force of air friction?

brick

Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released simultaneously on an inclined plane that makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal. Which statement which best describes their acceleration after being released? a. The 16 kg car accelerates 8 times faster than the 2.0 kg car. b. The 2.0 kg car accelerates 8 times faster than the 16 kg car. c. Both cars accelerate at the same rate. d. None of the above

c. Both cars accelerate at the same rate.

It's more difficult to start moving a heaving carton from rest than to keep pushing it with constant velocity because

coefficient of kinetic friction is less than the coefficient of static friction

Two displacement vectors have magnitudes of 5.0 m and 7.0 m, respectively. When these two vectors are added, the magnitude of the sum

could be as small as 2.0 m or as large as 12 m.

All of the following are base units of the SI system except a. kilogram b. kelvin c. meter d. volt

d. volt

An object, of mass M, is suspended by a string from the ceiling inside an elevator. The elevator is traveling upward with a constant speed. The tension in the string is

equal to Mg

A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, the net force acting on it is

equal to its weifht

A package of supplies is dropped from a plane, and one second later a second package is dropped. Neglecting air resistance, the distance between the falling packages will

increase

Ball A is dropped from the top of a tall building. One second later, ball B is dropped from the same building. As time progresses the distance between them

increases

A sky-diver jumps from a high-flying plane. When she reaches terminal velocity, her acceleration

is essentially zero

A ball is thrown straight up. When the ball reaches its highest point

it's velocity is zero and it's acceleration is not zero

The force that keeps you from sliding on an icy sidewalk is

static friction

A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a tower at the same instant a ball is dropped vertically. Which object is traveling faster when it hits the level ground below?

stone

If the acceleration of an object is always directed perpendicular to its velocity

the object is turning

The number of forces acting on a car parked on a hill (with parking brakes engaged) is

three

Object A and B both start at rest. They both accelerate at the same rate. However, object A accelerated for twice the time as object B. What is the final speed of object A compared to object B?

twice as fast

The area under an acceleration versus time graph gives

velocity

If you run a complete loop around an outdoor track (400 m), in 100 a, your average velocity is

zero

When you sit on a chair, the resultant force on you is

zero