AP Psych Unit IX

Group polarization refers to: a. The tendency for group decisions to be more extreme than individual decisions b. The desire for harmony within a group c. The enhancement of a groups for availing attitudes through group discussions d. The tendency of individuals to exert more effort when working in groups e. The tendency of group members to disobey a leader who is considered unfit

A

In Milligram's obedience experiments, which of the following was the dependent variable? a. The level of shock delivered b. The location of the "learner" c. The number of people in the group d. The instructions given by the "teacher" e. The age of the "learner"

A

A researcher compares participants scores on multiple administrations of the same assessment. The researcher is trying to determine if the assessment demonstrates_______ a. Reliability b. Standardization c. Predictive Validity d. Content Validity e. Aptitude

a

Instead of providing substantive arguments in favor of a political candidate, ads may attempt to build support for a candidate by associating the candidate with emotion evoking music and nostalgic images. This best illustrates: a. Peripheral route persuasion b. Central route persuasion c. The social responsibility norm d. Informational social influence e. And availability heuristic

a

Prejudice is best defined as a. an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members b. the tendency to favor members of one's own group c. a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals. d. the belief that victims of misfortune deserve their fate. e. a fearful suspicion of people one has never met

a

An end group is a set of people with whom we share a common_______ a. Social norm b. Identity c. Dispositional attribution d. situational attribution e. Role

b

In milligrams obedience studies, "teachers" were most often likely to deliver high levels of shock when: a. And experimenter was perceived as being an ordinary college student like themselves b. The "learner" was placed in a different room from the "teacher" c. They were introduced to the "learner" before the experiment began d. They saw how the "learners" who disobeyed the experimenter were punished e. "Teachers" had a role model for defiance

b

Overgeneralized beliefs about a group of people that often underlie prejudicial emotions are___________ a. Situational attributions b. Stereotypes c. Ingroup bias d. social traps e. Schemas

b

The foot in the door phenomenon refers to the tendency to: a. Perform simple task more effectively in the presence of others b. Comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a smaller request c. Experiencing increasing attraction to novel stimuli as they become more familiar d. Lose self-restraint in group situation is that foster anonymity e. Construct a culturally modeled guide for acting in Public

b

The just-world phenomenon often leads people to: a. Dislike and distrust people that are wealthy b. Believe that victims of misfortune deserve to suffer c. Work to resolve in lessen social injustice d. Respond with kindness to people who mistreat them e. Impulsive behavior and snap decisions

b

Alfred Benet designed a test of intellectual abilities in order to: a. Identify children in need of remedial instruction in order to succeed in regular school b. Separate special needs children from general population elementary age children c. Distinguish between academic and practical intelligence d. Assess a child's general capacity for goal directed activity e. Establish a threshold for gifted behavior in school aged children

d

An overwhelming desire for harmony in a decision making group increases the probability of: a. Social facilitation b. The mere exposure effect c. The bystander effect d. Groupthink e. Group polarization

d

Dr. Jones reports that scores of 100 male and 100 female students on his latest test of chemistry have produced a normal distribution. From this statement we can conclude that: a. The student scores showed no real discernible pattern b. The average score on the test was a 50 c. Males, as expected, scored better than females on the test d. Relatively few scores deviated away from the mean e. The median score was considerably higher than the average score on the test

d

Following 911, some outraged people lashed out an innocent Muslim. This venting is called? a. Discrimination b. The bystander effect c. The just-world phenomenon d. Scapegoating e. Deindividuation

d

Howard Gardner is most likely to agree that the concept of intelligence includes all of the following except: a. Bodily - kinesthetic b. Naturalistic c. Musical d. Practical e. Intra-personal

d

Magazine computer ads seldom feature endorsements from Hollywood stars or athletes. Instead, they offer detailed information for consumers to develop more positive opinions about the company's products. This advertising strategy best illustrates________ a. The reciprocity norm b. Peripheral route persuasion c. The foot-in-the-door phenomenon d. Central route persuasion e. Social exchange theory

d

People are less likely to give aid if an emergency occurs in the presence of many observers. This is known as: a. Group polarization b. social loafing c. The mere exposure effect d. The bystander effect e. Diffusion of responsibility

d

Prejudice is a(an)__________;discrimination is a(an)_____________. a. Dispositional attribution, situational attribution b. Ingroup bias, outgroup bias c. Role, norm d. Attitude, behavior e. Trait, misdemeanor

d

The fact that intelligence correlates so high between identical twins makes a strong case for the_______________ of intelligence. a. Reliability b. Validity c. Predisposition d. Heritability e. Environmental influences

d

The mere exposure effect occurs when: a. We exert greater effort when working in the presence of others b. Behave unselfishly to enhance the welfare of others c. We act as if the suffering of others doesn't bother us d. We experience an increasing attraction to people as they become more familiar e. We feel morally more superior to someone we deem as less attractive than us

d

Which social psychology principle explains why people have a tendency to perform tasks better in the presence of others? a. Compliance b. Social loafing c. Group polarization d. Social facilitation e. Social Scripts

d

Those who score well in mathematical aptitude usually score well on verbal aptitude also. According to spearman, this is because people possess: a. "Book smarts" and "Street Smarts" b. A general intelligence c. Multiple intelligences d. Intelligence quotients e. IQ predictability

b

Solomon Asch's 1951 study with a standard line and comparison lines showed the influence of: a. Prejudice b. Obedience c. Conformity d. Persuasion e. Commitment

c

The characteristics of savant syndrome provides direct evidence that intelligence is: a. Largely unpredictable and unmeasurable b. A culturally constructed concept c. A diverse set of distinct abilities d. Dependent on the brains processing speed e. Accurately measured by a (g) factor

c

The tendency for people to exert less effort when they are pulling their efforts toward a common goal is known as: a. Free riding b. The bystander effect c. Social loafing d. The foot in the door phenomenon e. The diffusion of responsibility

c

Which of the following best illustrates an example of Sternberg's concept of creative intelligence: a. Lola, who has an uncanny ability to remember faces b. Gareth, a college student, figures out a way to get a large bed of a set of winding stairs c. Shelley, a newspaper reporter, develops a large network of information sources d. Cindy, a young mother, prefers cleaning her house to watching her kids e. Jamall, who has developed an interest in information technology

c

Experts agree that intelligence is defined as: a. An inborn ability to perform well on standardized tests b. The unconscious processing that occurs as the first step to problem solving c. A general trait that underlie success on nearly any task d. A multiple array of completely independent adaptive traits e. A mental ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt

D

Rhonda has just learned that her neighbor Patricia was involved in an automobile accident at a nearby intersection. The tendency to make a fundamental attribution error may lead Rhonda to conclude: a. "Patricia's recklessness has finally gotten her into trouble" b. "Patricia's brakes must've failed" c. "Patricia's children must have distracted her" d. "The road must have been wet and slippery" e. "Some idiot must've been texting and driving and hit Patricia"

a

Sarah incorrectly concluded that her boyfriend was late one night because he was caught in traffic. Her conclusion best illustrates: a. A fundamental attribution error b. The reciprocal norm c. Social facilitation d. The bystander effect e. The diffusion of responsibility

a

The gradually escalating levels of destructive obedience in the Milgram studies best illustrate one of the potential dangers of: a. The foot-in-the-door phenomenon b. Social facilitation c. The bystander effect d. The fundamental attribution error e. Door-in-the-face phenomenon

a

What do we call tension that occurs when we become aware that our attitudes and actions don't coincide? a. Cognitive dissonance b. role-playing c. social loafing d. peer pressure e. social scripts

a

Which of the following is an example of a social cultural influence on aggressive behavior? a. Exposure to violent media b. Genetics c. Testosterone d. Frustration e. Damage to the cerebellum

a

Which of the following is the best example of crystallized intelligence? a. Mrs. Jones uses her exceptional vocabulary to excel at scrabble b. Susan quickly learns to use a computerized statistics program for her class c. Anna is always the first to finish her math tests d. Nick changes jobs and is easily able to adapt to the demands of a new environment e. Parker is able to perform complex mathematical calculations in his head

a

When I salesman visits your home and asked you to try a free sample of a new type of cleaning product, you agree. When he returns the following week and asks you to purchase a series of expensive cleaning products, you feel compelled to do so. The salesman appears to have made effective use of: a. The bystander effect b. The foot in the door phenomenon c. A social responsibility norm d. A fundamental attribution error e. Central route persuasion

b

10 year old Matthew takes the Stanford-Binet intelligence test and it indicates that his mental age is 11 1/2. Using the Stanford-Binet formula what is Matthew's IQ? a. 105 b. 85 c. 115 d. 118 e. 130

c

A social trap is a situation in which: a. People lose awareness in group situation is that foster anonymity b. Altruism violates a social responsibility norm c. The pursuit of self interest leads to collective harm d. There are insufficient resources to satisfy the needs of all group members e. An individual makes decision knowing that he/she will be criticized in the future

c

According to Sternberg, "StreetSmarts" is another way of describing what type of intelligence? a. Analytical b. Creative c. Practical d. Emotional e. Interpersonal

c

Individuals who are normally law-abiding may vandalize and leave when they become part of a mom. This change in behavior is best understood in terms of: a. The bystander effect b. Altruism c. Deindividuation d. Stereotyping e. Diffusion of responsibility

c

Of the following is the best example of an altruistic act? a. Conducting a nonviolent protest b. Working for a nonprofit organization c. Protecting a stranger from an attack d. Using aggression only in self-defense e. Keeping Facebook free from political advertising

c

According to milligram, the most fundamental lesson to be learned from his study on obedience is that: a. People are by nature hostile and aggressive b. It is highly unlikely that mankind will produce another murderous regime like the Nazis ever again c. The desire to be accepted by others is one of our strongest human motives d. We are most likely to conform to the opinions of others when faced with a unanimous opinion e. Even ordinary people, who are normally not hostile, can become agents of destruction under the right circumstances

e

Adjusting one's behavior or thinking toward a group standard is called? a. Obedience b. Groupthink c. Social loafing d. The reciprocity norm e. Conformity

e

Conformity resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval is said to be a response to: a. Social exchange theory b. Social facilitation c. a social trap d. informational social influence e. normative social influence

e

Deindividuation refers to? a. The influence that results from a persons desire to avoid group disapproval b. The strong desire for harmony within a group c. the failure to give aid in an emergency situation observed by many onlookers d. The tendency to overestimate the impact of personal dispositions on another's behavior e. The loss of self awareness and self restraint in group situations that foster anonymity

e

The area of the brain that is most involved in aggression is the: a. Cortex b. Medulla c. Hypothalamus d. Cerebellum e. Amygdala

e

The final exam in the Springs calculus class is a cumulative, teacher made test designed to touch on all aspects of the subject. The calculus test is a typical example of a(an)__________test: a. General intelligence b. Diagnostic c. Aptitude d. Formative assessment e. Achievement

e

The fundamental attribution error is most likely to lead observers to conclude that unemployed people: a. Are victims of discrimination b. Are intrinsically motivated c. Have parents that were poor role models d. Are victims of bad luck e. Are irresponsible and lazy

e