AP Stats - Chapter 1

Classify each of the following attributes as either categorical or numerical. For those that are numerical state whether it is discrete or continuous. 1. Brand of computer purchased by a consumer 2. State of birth for someone born in the United states 3. Price of a text book 4. Concentration of a contaminant ( Micro grams per cubic centimeter ) in a water sample 5. Zip Code 6. Actual weight of coffee in a 1-lb can

1. categorical 2. categorical 3, Numerical ( Discrete ) 4. Numerical ( continuous ) 5. Categorical 5. Numerical ( continuous )

For those that are numerical state whether it is discrete or continuous. 1. The length of a 1 year old rattle snake 2. The altitude of a location in California selected randomly by throwing a dart at a map of the state 3. The distance from the left edge at which a 12-inch, plastic ruler snaps when bent sufficiently at break 4. The price per gallon paid by the next customer to buy gas at a particular station

1. continuous 2. continuous 3. continuous 4. discrete

In a survey of 100 people who ad recently purchased motor cycles, data on the following variables was recorded : Gender of purchaser Brand of Motorcycle purchased Number of previously owned motorcycles telephone are code of the purchaser weight of motor cycle at purchase 1. which of the following variables are categorical ? 2. which of these variables are discrete numerical ? 3. which type of graphical display would be an appropriate choice for summarizing the gender data, a bar chart or dot plot ? 4. which type of graphical display would be an appropriate choice for summarizing the weight data, a bar chart or dot plot ?

1. gender, brand, telephone area code 2. number of bikes 3. bar chart 4. dot plot

Classify each of the following attributes as either categorical or numerical. For those that are numerical state whether it is discrete or continuous. 1. Number of students in a class of 35 who turn in a term paper before it is due 2. Gender of the next baby born at a particular hospital 3. Amount in fluids in ounces, dispensed by a machine used to fill bottles with soda pop 4. Thickness of a gelatin coating of a Vitamin E capsule 5. Birth order classification ( only child, first born, middle child, last born ) of a math major

1. numerical ( discrete ) 2. categorical 3. numerical ( continuous ) 4. Numerical ( continuous ) 5. Categorical

Water quality ratings were taken in California and range from A to F below is the data : A+, A+, A+, F, A+, A+, A, B, A, C,C, A-, A, F, B, A+, C, A, D, F A+, D, A+, A, D, A, A, D, A+, A+, A, A, C, F-, B, A+ 1. Summarize the data by constructing a relative frequency distribution and bar chart. Comment on the interesting features of your chart. 2. Would it be appropriate to construct a dot plot for these data., Why or why not ?

2. No becuase it is not small numerical data

bar chart

A graph of a frequency distribution for a categorical data set. Each category is represented by a bar, and the area of the bar is proportional to the corresponding frequency or relative frequency.

Sample

A part of the population selected for study

Frequency distribution for categorical data

A table that displays frequencies, and sometimes relative frequencies, for each of the possible values of a categorical variable

Data from a poll conducted by travelocity led to the following estimates: Approximately 40% of travelers check their email while on vacation, about 33% take cell phone to stay connected with work, and about 25% bring a computer on vacation. Are the given the percentages population values or were they commuted from a sample ?

Computed from a sample

Bivariate and multivariate data

Each observation consists of two (bivariate) or more (multivariate) responses or values

Based on a study of 2121 children between the ages of one and four, researches at the Medical College of Wisconsin concluded that there was an association between iron deficiency and the length of time that a child is bottle fed. Describe the sample and the population of interest for this study.

Sample - 2121 children between the ages of 1 and 4 Population all kids between 1 and 4

A consumer group conducts crash tests of new model cars. To determine the severity of damage to 2006 Mazda 6s resulting from a 10-mph crash into a concrete wall, the research group test six cars of this type and assesses the amount of damage. Describe the population of interest and the sample for this problem.

Sample - 6 cars of this type Population - all 2006 Mazda 6s

Population

The entire collection of individuals or measurements about which information is desired

Dotplot

a picture of numerical data in which each observation is represented by a dot on or above a horizontal measurement scale

A Hospital did a study to determine the number of sport injuries depending on the sport resulting in the following table: Sport - Frequency Football - 38 Soccer - 24 Basketball - 19 Baseball - 11 Jogging - 11 Bicycling - 11 Volleyball - 17 Other - 48 calculate relative frequencies and draw the corresponding bar chart.

football - 21.3% soccer - 13.5 % Basketball - 10.7 % Baseball - 6.2% Jogging - 6.2% Bicycling - 6.2% Volleyball - 9.5% Other - 26.4 %

categorical data

individual observations are categorical responses (nonnumerical)

Numerical Data

individual observations are numerical (quantitative) in nature

inferential statistics

is the branch of statistics that involves generalizing from a sample to a population from which it was selected and assessing the reliability of such generalizations

descriptive statistics

numerical, graphical, and tabular methods for organizing and summarizing data

discrete numerical data

possible values are isolated points along the number line

Continuous numerical data

possible values form an entire interval along the number line