APAH Semester 1

The scenes depicted in The Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer are intended to convey the ancient Egyptian concept of

justice and morality, by depicting the divine judgment of a mortal person's life

the Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon is a

large sculptural frieze

in what context were apollo 11 stones found

located in a rock selter in the mountains

Scholars interpret the small figures carved on the staff god from Rarotonga as...

male and female figures represeting ideas of regeneration and fertility

The artist intended the Kwakwaka'wakw transformation mask to be experienced in all of the following ways EXCEPT as

musically clanking and rattling while the wearer moved

The Golden Stool (sika dwa kofi) of the Ashanti people must be presented on its side, resing on its own stool, to remind viewers that

the stool is sacred and no person may sit on it

The Lanzon Stela from Chavin de Huántar demonstrates the use of contour rivalry through

the use of ambiguous shapes that can be interpreted as multiple depictions of different forms

The seated boxer was created during the Greek period known as...

Hellenistic

The round room in the foreground of the photograph is a

kiva

The Sarcophagus of the Spouses can be identified as an ancient Etruscan sarcophagus because of which of the following characteristics?

The stylized depiction of a couple reclining in a couch as they would have conducted themselves at a banquet

Which of the following is a feature of the Standard of Ur that provides evidence of a vast trade network with foreign lands?

The use of luxury materials acquired from other cultures

The images show The White Temple and its Ziggurat current state and a digital reconstruction. Identify the culture associated with this work of art. Further identify the work by providing its name, approximate date of construction, OR location. Use TWO specific contextual examples to explain how this structure was used as an economic, spiritual, and political center for the culture.

- the work is associated with Sumerian culture in Uruk, Iraq. - It is the White Temple & its Ziggurat which was constructed about 3600 B.C.E. -The White Temple was a waiting room where a deity is supposed to descend from the heavens in front of priests - Temple had 3 entrances-doesn't lead directly inside, one enters a hall and has to travel around to reach the inside. -Temple has a central area with rooms on both sides - It symbolizes wealth and is dedicated to the god Anu. - This was the focal point of the city; ceremonial and spiritual rituals took place inside - It is raised on a platform to protect it from flooding. - The temple was the heart of the theocratic political system

Roman innovations in concrete allowed the builders of the Colosseum to..

.Create a multileveled freestanding structure with tiered seating that could be constructed quickly.

1) Identify the Ahu ula with its year and culture. 2) Identify the materials, process, and/or symbolism in the artwork that offer humans access to power. 3) Explain how cultural beliefs support the practices associated with the artwork that offer humans access to power. 4) What response or effect was the performance of this work intended to elicit?

1. 'Ahu 'ula is the name, it's from the year 1800 C.E. and it is from Hawaiian culture 2. Feathered cape made from over 80,000 birds per cape. Hawaiians took the bird feathers and hand sew them together. Symbolism behind the colors used: red feathers=royalty/high rank. Capes themselves represent power 3. Cultural beliefs-capes represent royal power and authority and the color red is the most commanding 4. Effect- used ritualistically to protect and preserve the mana of the royalty and channel royal ancestors/gods. Capes were worn to distinguish the higher classes.

1. Attribute the portrait mask to its specific African culture by identifying the corresponding work from the required course content that is from the same specific African culture 2. justify your attribution by describing two formal similarities between the two works 3. infer the probable content of the work shown based on the content of the corresponding work in the required course content 4. Explain how works such as these were intended to be experienced in their original context

1. - baule culture - baule, ivory coast - c.1900 - mblo 2. - defined lies for hair and beard (suggest age) - elongated face and healthy skin represent solemnity and dignity - forms on top of the head may represent a comb, crown, or animal horns 3. - "portrait" of a woman, but only worn by men - elongated nose and forehead represent modesty and wisdom 4. - used for ceremonial purposes, later used for entertainment

1. Identify the Jade cong and process used to create this artwork. 2. What might this suggest about the society the artist lived in? 3. Describe one possible function, use, or meaning of this artwork, citing specific archeological facts.

1. - jade - rubbing sand - used tools such as saws and drills 2. - intelligent society - knew how to utilize the natural environment - society emphasized adornments and beauty because pieces took a long time 3.- ritualistic or ceremonial burial purposes (found at burial sites) - there is a variation of the congs and the difference between them can show structure of social class

1. Attribute the nkisi nkondi to its specific african culture as well as one additional identifier (date or materials) 2. What type of person from this society is likely to commision the creation of his work? 3. Explain one way the use of this object dictates its form. 4. Explain how this work was inteded to be experienced or used in its original context .

1. - kongo - Nkisi N' Kondi - c. 1900 - wood and metal 2. - someone who wants to make a deal with another (most likely high class) will ask a diviner to make one for him - collaboration between the diviner and a spiritual healer 3. - aggressive stance and intimidating look - when one breaks the deal, the figure promises death, illness, and misfortune - nails represent deals between Kongo people with personal item attached - cowrie shell contains medicinal/magical substances that trigger powers 4. - used to seal a deal/vow/oath between 2 people - watches over matters in civil law

1. Describe a unique visual element of the malangan mask (c.1900) and the buk from the Torres Straight (c. 1800) 2. Both of these masks were used in ritual performance. Explain how the symbolism and cultural beliefs associated with each of these two artifacts influence the ritual.

1. - malangan mask made with fibers, a cloth, a shell, and wood - face carved with lines filled with white ocher pigment - buk mask made form a hawskin turtle shell, fibers, wood, nut shells, and possibly huma hair - mask portrays a frigate bird with an abstracted human underneath 2. - malangan mask used during funerary rituals that honored the dead - men wore leave garnments and masks during ceremonies to allow spirits from figures to reach the death realm - mask sometimes buried with dead bodies - buk mask worn during ceremonies of cultural heroes - heores were likely to be worshipped becasue they established their society - men worse masks in grass costumes during rituals and danced around campfire

about what time period was the Great Zimbabwe built?

1000-1450 CE

Identify Hiapo

1900 from Niue

What does the presentation of mats commemorate in the Hiapo?

A ceremonial encounter with a reigning monarch

Scholars have interpreted the object shown on the projecetor as representing...

A deity embodying procreative power

Describe the content of Hiapo (tapa)

Abstract geometric patterns and stylized representations of plants

In the Lammasau, features of different animals were combined for the purpose of creating...

An imposing mythical creature that was meant to safeguard the entrance to a royal complex

In the Colosseum, the influence of earlier architecture styles can be seen in the...

Arches that are framed by engaged columns and a lintel.

Scholars believe that the tlaltico female figurine was used for which of the following purposes?

As an offering made to accompany the deceased in burial

The temple of Athena Nike located within the Acropolis was used for all the following EXCEPT...

Celebrate Pericles' success

In the portrait Tamati Waka Nene, the subject's mana, or power, is displayed through the inclusion of which of the following?

Cloak covered with kiwi feathers

Staff gods from the Cook Islands, like the Rarotonga staff god shown, were wrapped in tapa, or bark cloth, because tapa was...

Considered to possess spiritual significance and was therefore appropriate for a sacred object

The facade decorations of the Colosseum were notable in that...

Different architectural orders of columns were used to distinguish each level.

Portraits such as Tamati Waka Nene were traditionally...

Displayed in village centers or homes, after the individual has died

What is the purpose of the welcoming processional for Queen Elizabeth II?

Document a complex and prescribed cultural exchange

In a Greek temple, the absence of a base on the columns identifies the architectural order as...

Doric

Nukuoro figures were made as abstract figures with smooth wood in order for them to...

Embody local deities and be honored with feathers, paint, and woven fiber decoration

The drapery in both works Nike of Samothrace and Nike adjusting her sandal does which of the following?

Emphasizes the body

The depiction of war on the Column of Trajan differs from earlier depictions, such as the one seen in the Alexander Mosaic, in that the narrative frieze on the Column of Trajan...

Emphasizes the methodical power of imperial leadership.

The Standard of Ur and the Palette of King Narmer are similar in that both works...

Employ hierarchical scale distinguish between figures of varying degrees of importance

The artist of the Alexander Mosaic likely intended to celebrate ancient Greek art by...

Emulating an earlier painting described in ancient texts.

Hide paintings such as those produced by Cotsiogo (Cadzi Cody) in the later 1800s were important to Shoshone artists in part because of the response the hide paintings got from

Euro-American tourists, who were eager to buy them

Roman Republicans portraiture in the head of a Roman Patrician is characterized primarily by its...

Exaggerated hyperrealism.

The artist created an effect of stylization on tlaltico female figurine through which of the following visual characteristics?

Exaggerated proportions that place an emphasis on truncated arms and expansive hips

Spectators in the Colosseum would frequently have witnessed...

Gladiators and wild animals being lifted into view from the substructure.

How did Gottfried Lindauer's artistic decisions shape his portrait of Tamati Waka Nene?

He added traditional Maori clothing and regalia in order to emphasize his subject's cultural heritage

The architects of the Parthenon were

Iktinos and Kallikrates

Archaeological evidence from the site of discovery of apollo 11 stones suggests that these people lived in which of the following locations?

In an ongoing settlement that included places with ritual significance

The architect of the Pantheon in Rome sought to impress viewers by...

Incorporating an unexpectedly large interior space.

The audience hall of King Darius & Xerxes at Persepolis demonstrates the king's power and authority in the following ways EXCEPT...

Lamassu sculpture guarding the entrance

The coffers in the dome of the Pantheon were intended to...

Lessen its overall weight.

The images show two views of the Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater). The Flavian Amphitheater became commonly known as the Colosseum because of the...

Monumental statue of an emperor that stood nearby.

where are the apollo 11 stones from

Namibia

The Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer is from the Egyptian

New Kingdom

To create the portrait of Tamati Waka Nene, Gottfried Lindauer used the technique of...

Oil painting on canvas

The importance of the art from previous Mesoamerican civilizations to the Aztecs who built the Templo Mayor in Tenochtitlan is demonstrated by the

Olmec-style mask excavated from within the sacred precinct

In its original function, The Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer is most similar to the

Palette of King Narmer

Archeologists believe Sumerian Votive Offerings were...

Placed inside temples as surrogate for worshippers

Scholars theorize the moai on platform (ahu) had a protective function based on their upward-tilted gaze and the...

Placement of the figures with their backs to the ocean

The designs on the San Ildefonso black-on-black pottery reflects the influence of which of the following traditions?

Prehistoric pottery sherds found in the Southwest during the early twentieth century

In its original context, the interaction between the god Shamash and Hammurabi on the Code of Hammurabi was intended to cause in viewers a sense of...

Respect for the laws recorded on the stele by suggesting their divine origin.

Which of the following groups is given credit by most historians for the building of the Great Zimbabwe

Shona

The structures that comprise the ancient site of Nan Madol were built by...

Stacking natural basalt columns in an intersecting pattern

The form of the Female Diety, from Nukuoro in Micronesia, can be best described as...

Stylized

The Etruscans preferred which of the following materials for their sculptures?

Terracotta

The Hill Complex of the Great Zimbabwe was most likely originally used as...

The king's residency

Tlatico female figurine was created by what culture and when?

Tlaltico culture between 1200 and 900 BCE

Which of the following sources has been used by scholars of Yaxchilán to support the theory that the lintel carvings of Structure 23 were intended to reinforce Shield Jaguar II's rule?

Translations of the glyphic inscriptions that accompany the image on Lintel 25

In the painting elk hide attributed to Cotsiogo (Cadzi Cody), freehand painting and stenciling were likely used to create

an energized surface with repeated colors and motifs

The Chokwe Pwo mask is similar to the Mende Bundu mask in that it both...

celebrate the powers of womanhood

The citizens of ancient Athens likely responded to the Athenian agora with a sense of...

civic pride, because it represented a place of communal governance and cultural identity

A lukasa from the Mbuye Society of the Luba people serves as a...

conceptual map of royal history

The stone walls of Saqsa Waman at Cusco exemplify Inka architectural conventions in that they

consist of megalithic stone blocks joined without the use of mortar

What method was used to construct the Great Zimbabwe?

coursed granite bricks

The design of the Templo Mayor as a double pyramid signifies the

dedication of the temple to two different deities important to the Aztecs

In the veranda post of enthroned king and senior wife (Opo Ogoga), Olowe of Ise depiects the senior wife as a tall free-standing figure in order to...

emphasize her strength and authority

San Ildefonso Pueblo artist Maria Martinez achieved the decorative black-on-black effect by

firing it outdoors using an oxygen-reduction technique

The use of imported materials such as tiny colored glass beads and silk ribbons on Bandolier bags were intended to show the

function of the bags as indicators of the wearers' social status

The Coyolxauhqui Stone was placed at the foot of the Templo Mayor staircase in order to communicate to the Mexica audience that the goddess

had been thoroughly humiliated and defeated

The Coyolxauhqui Stone was placed at the foot of the Templo Mayor staircase in order to communicate to the Mexico audience that the goddess

had been thoroughly humiliated and defeated

tlaltico female figurine was created using

hand-shaped clay and a sharp instrument to incise details

The location of the Lanzon Stela in the Old Temple of Chavin de Huántar suggests that the creators of the building most likely intended to

heighten the spiritual drama of the viewer's ritualized encounter with the stela

The artist who created the Benin bronze wall plaque from Oba's palace used which technique to show the importance of the oba?

hierarchical scale

Lintel 25 from Yaxchilán, depicting Lady Xoc, is recognizable as a Mayan work because of its

hieroglyphics, decorative patterns, and richly dressed figures in the midst if rituals

While the degree of naturalism varies in the Ikenga shrine figures used by the igbo peoples, one traditional characteristic all Ikenga share is...

horns rising above the head, intended to symbolize power

The iconography of the painted elk hide, attributed to Cotsiogo (Cadzi Cody), refers to his ancestor's reliance on

hunting on the Great Plains

In its original context, The Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer would have been placed

in a tomb to guide a deceased person in the afterlife

archaeological evidence suggests that the apollo 11 stones...

is among the earliest known rock paintings in africa

Which of the following statements explains why the plaque demonstrates continuity with Benin tradition?

it is part of a series that document the hisotry of the obas

The Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer is painted on

papyrus

The Great Serpent Mound was created in eastern Ohio during the Mississippian period by people who

piled up soil to create the form of a serpentine creature

In the The Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer, the presence of the ibis-headed god Thoth demonstrates that the ancient Egyptians

placed great importance in written records and observations

The stone masonry at Machu Picchu employed socketing, a structural technique that

protected against damage caused by earthquakes

The visual organization of The Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer is meant to suggest a

sequence of successive events in an important narrative

The first Inkan emperor, Pachacuti Inka Yupanqui, had Machu Picchu built to serve as a

site for conducting administrative affairs and ceremonies

Ikenga figures, created by the Igbo peoples of Nigeria, are being interpreted as

symbols of the patron's past and future successes

The specific imagery on Kwakwaka'wakw transformation masks is primarily influenced by

the clan association of the person qualified to dance the mask

The audience witnessing Sande Society masquerades would have recognized the glossy black patina of the Bundu mask's surface as representing...

the idealized beauty of smooth and glistening dark skin

Archaeologists have theorized that Nan Madol was a significant ceremonial center based on its extensive network of basalt structures and...

the remains of large amounts of adornments, food, and kava

Access to the copper and tin needed to fabricate the brass wall plaque of the Oba's palace was made possible among the Edo people of Benin due to their

trade with Portuguese voyagers

The Temple of Minerva differs from traditional Greek temples such as the Parthenon in that the Temple of Minerva most likely...

was made of wood, mud brick, and clay instead of stone and marble

The Fang people of southern Cameroon scupted byeri figures to guard containers holding their ancestors' relics, in part because the Fang...

were historically a nomadic people and did not practice earthen burials