APES: Population Ecology
The population size is decreasing because there are fewer prereproductive-aged individuals in the population. Which of the age structure diagrams best illustrates the population?
A top-heavy age structure diagram, illustrates a declining population size because the number of pre reproductive- and reproductive-aged individuals is low.
Which of the following claims best supports the classification of bees as an organism that displays a Type IIsurvivorship curve, as shown in the graph above?
Away from the colony, bees experience a constant probability of death per unit time as a foraging species.
A variety of plants and animals inhabit a forest ecosystem. Which statement correctly explains why certain organisms would be more likely to survive than others if a forest fire burned the area?
Generalist species are more likely to survive because they can thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources.
Which of the following best describes the total fertility rates for the world population from 1950 to the projected rates in 2040 ?
As more women have access to educational opportunities, they marry and reproduce later in life, leading to a decrease in the total fertility rate.
Which of the following is a possible reason for the change in the shape of the curve from 1900 to 1980?
Significant improvements in health care and medical research have increased life expectancy from an average of 45 years in 1900 to 75 years in 1980.
Song sparrows are found in a variety of habitat. They feed on a variety of organisms and also consume plants REPRODUCTIVE DATA FOR SONG SPARROWS Clutch Size: 1-6 eggs Number of Broods per year: 1-7 broods Incubation Period: 12-15 days Nestling Period: 9-12 days Based on the description and the data table above, which of the following combinations best classifies the song sparrow?
Song sparrows reproduce multiple times in a year and have limited parental care, traits of r-strategists. Generalists can live in a variety of habitats and have diverse diets.
What best predicts how the human population will change over the next 50 years?
The amount of land available for agriculture is limited, and as the population grows, available food and water will decrease.
The age structure diagrams best illustrates a county that has a stable population size and slow or no population growth?
The column-shaped diagram indicates population stability.
Which of the following statements best describes the pattern seen in age structure?
The modified pyramid shape indicates that this population is steady or increasing in size; replacement level fertility of 2.1 would be in a stable population, and a total fertility rate of 2.0 would be a declining population.
The rule of 70 can be used to determine a population's doubling time. Doubling time is a measure of the
The rule of 70 states that dividing the number 70 by the percentage population growth rate approximates the population's doubling time.
Which of the following is a characteristic of an organism that displays a Type III survivorship curve?
Type III organisms (including many marine invertebrates and other r-selected species) have large numbers of offspring.
Which of the following best describes a difference between generalist species and specialist species?
Generalists use a large range of resources, while specialists have a limited range of resources they use to survive.
A scientist is studying a biome that experiences large seasonal fluctuations in both temperature and precipitation patterns. Which of the following would best characterize the organisms that inhabit the biome?
Generalists would be most abundant, because the resources available would be constantly changing.
Mutualism
Mutualism occurs between two different species, not within a species.
What is the replacement level for fertility?
Replacement level fertility occurs at 2.1 children per woman.
