APES Unit 2
Which of the following calculation methods would determine the percent change in the crude birth rate from 1994 to 2019 ?
(17.6-11.9)/17.6 x 100
Scientists are closely monitoring caribou populations to examine the effect of global climate change on habitat. The maximum population size for a herd of caribou based on the amount of habitat was 500,000. A herd of caribou currently has a population size of 198,000 caribou as a result of habitat loss. Which of the following methods should be used to determine the percent change between the maximum population and the current population for this herd of caribou?
(198,000-500,000)/500,000 x 100
Using the data from the table, which of the following is the growth rate for China in 2019 ?
0.38%
Based on the data in Figure 1, which of the following is the best estimate of the carrying capacity of the moose population?
1,500
If a country has a crude birth rate of 24 per 1,000 and a crude death rate of 8 per 1,000, the natural annual percent increase of its population is
1.6%
Which of the following was the doubling time for China's population in 2014 if the growth rate was 0.49 percent?
142.9 years
Wolves were reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park in 1995. In addition to tracking changes in the wolf population, scientists were interested in how the wolves would affect other parts of the Yellowstone ecosystem. In particular, they were interested in changes to the population of elk, the wolves' primary prey. The graph below shows the population size of the wolf and elk populations over time.
170
Based on the data in the graph, which of the following is closest to the average population growth rate per year from year 4 to year 7 in the rabbit population?
338 rabbits per year
A country currently has a population of 100 million and an annual growth rate of 3.5 percent. If the growth rate remains constant, what will be the population of this country in 40 years?
400 million
The current global human population is about 6.1 billion and is growing at an annual rate of 1.35 percent. If world population were to grow at this rate for the next year, approximately how many people would be added?
8 x 10^7
Represents the biotic potential of the species
A
Which curve in the graph best represents a K-selected species?
A
Which of the countries listed in the chart above is most likely to have limited educational opportunities for women?
A
The Venus flytrap is a carnivorous plant that grows best in nutrient-poor, acidic soil. They typically grow in certain longleaf pine savanna ecosystems in the Carolinas. Which of the following terms best describes this species?
A specialist species, because it thrives only in soils with low pH and nutrient levels.
Which of the following is the best example of a tragedy of the commons? 4
Accumulation of plastics in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch
By the year 2050, world population is expected to approach 10 billion. If the current population trends continue, which region of the world will most likely experience the majority of the growth?
Africa and asia
The snowshoe hare (a member of the rabbit family) is the primary prey for the Canadian lynx. The Canadian lynx is a wild feline that is slightly larger than a bobcat. Scientists plan to investigate the relative sizes of the hare and the lynx populations over a 3-year period. Based on predator-prey dynamics, which of the following identifies the hypothesis most likely to be supported by the study?
An increase in the lynx population size will lead to a decrease in the hare population size.
Which graph best illustrates a population growing at its biotic potential?
B
The country with the highest population density is
Bangladesh
Which of the following best describes a country in stage 2 of the demographic transition, based on the model shown below?
Birth rates are high and death rates are declining, and the population is increasing rapidly.
Which of the following species is most likely to provide extensive parental care to its offspring?
Bobcat with 2 childern per year
Certain lizards display a survivorship curve where the chance of survival is independent of age. Which line on the graph best depicts the survivorship of these lizards?
C
Which of the countries listed in the chart above is most likely experiencing a population decline?
C
In the graph below charting the growth of a population of organisms, the line labeled K represents the...
Carrying capacity of the population
Which of the following best exemplifies population momentum?
Continued growth of a population after fertility drops to replacement level
Based on the data in the age structure diagram, which of the following best describes the population of Country A?
Country A is fairly stable, and birth rates are low.
Which of the following countries is most likely represented in the age structure diagram shown above?
Country B
Which of the following countries has achieved replacement-level fertility?
Country C
The location where the size of the human population is the most stable
D
Which of the following best illustrates the concept of the tragedy of the commons? 1
Depletion of an aquifer by regional farmers
Which of the following is the best illustration of the tragedy of the commons? 2
Depletion of fishing stocks in the North Atlantic
Represents the maximum number of individuals that can be supported by a particular ecosystem on a long-term basis
E
Which graph best illustrates a population that was growing and has reached its carrying capacity?
E
Which of the following scenarios best explains the concept of the tragedy of the commons?
Fish are shared resources, and as the fishing industry competes for the fish, the resource extraction is no longer sustainable.
Which of the following pairs of statistics would most likely indicate the highest quality of life in a country?
High life expectancy and low infant mortality
The country with a population about three times that of the United States is
India
Which of the following is most likely the primary cause of high death rates in phase I?
Infant and childhood mortality
Which of the following best describes a density-independent factor that controls population size?
Occurrences of droughts and flooding
The tropical rain forests are known to have a large variety of animals. One example is the orchid mantis that is highly camouflaged when standing on a certain species of orchid found in tropical environments. Another species, the tropical cockroach, can live anywhere in the rain forest where it can find water and a food source. Which of the following statements best describes why it is predicted that the orchid mantis will be more affected by global climate change than the tropical cockroach will be?
Orchid mantises tend to be advantaged in habitats that remain constant; the rain forest habitat is likely to shift because of global climate change.
Zero population growth is associated with
Phases 1 and 5
Which of the following best explains the change in the moose population from 1995 to 1997?
Plants in the area could not support the large population of moose in 1995.
The Chatham Island robin is a small endangered bird found in scrub forests off the coast of New Zealand. The robin is preyed upon by introduced species such as cats and rats. In 1980, the population decreased to only 5 individuals and every individual today is a descendant of a single female. Which of the following is best illustrated in the decline of the Chatham Island robins?
Population bottleneck
Based on the data in the graph, which of the following best describes the reproductive strategy of rabbits?
R-selected species
Which of the following is most typically associated with the transition from a rural to an urbanized society?
Reduced birth rates
The most populous countries in the world are China, India, and
The United States
A small developing country with negligible rates of immigration and emigration is going through a demographic change. Thirty years ago the crude birth rate was 44 per thousand per year and the crude death rate was 17 per thousand per year. Now the crude birth rate is 16 thousand per year and the crude death rate is 5 per thousand per year. Which of the following statements about the country now is most likely to be true?
The country is at the industrial stage of the demographic transition.
What two main factors would best indicate the quality of life of a country's population?
The life expectancy and the infant mortality rate
Which of the following claims is best supported by the data in the graph for the population of wolves between 1975 and 1985?
The population declined following depletion of food resources after a population overshoot.
Which of the following can be interpreted from an age-structure diagram of a country?
The relative population growth rate of the population
Which of the following is a true statement about the total fertility of a society?
The total fertility of a society decreases as the society progresses through the demographic transition.
The total fertility rate in country A was 6.8 in 1980. Which of the following statements best supports the change in the total fertility rate in country A between 1980 and 2015?
The total fertility rate decreased as a result of a delay in age of first marriage and increased contraceptive use.
As a country goes through the demographic transition, the greatest rate of population growth takes place during which phase?
The transitional
Which of the following characteristics is most closely associated with a country that demonstrates the age structure in the diagram shown above?
There is a high total fertility rate.
Which of the following is generally true of K-strategist species as compared to r-strategist species?
They have longer life spans.
Which of the following is the best example of the tragedy of the commons? 3
Water pollution from oil rigs concentrated in the Gulf of Mexico
In 1950, a country had a total fertility rate of 5.9. In 2010, the total fertility rate of the country was 2.3. Which of the following is most likely the reason for the change in total fertility rate?
Women had increased educational opportunities and had children later in life.
Many communities experience the tragedy of the commons. One way a local community might regulate a shared and limited resource and reduce the tragedy of the commons is to
divide the resources into parcels and assign them to individuals
The K-selection reproductive strategy maximizes survival of offspring by producing
few offspring with high levels of parental care
The world population growth rate in 2015 is about 1 percent. It is expected to drop to 0.5 percent by 2050, partly because of increased access to birth control in developing nations. Another likely cause for the expected decline is
increasing numbers of women entering the workforce in developing nations
Members of an r-selected species characteristically
reach sexual maturity quickly
Overgrazing of public land by privately owned livestock is an example of the
tragedy of the commons
