apes unit 5
The LD50 for arsenic in humans is 13 mg/kg. Which of the following approaches should be used to calculate the number of grams of arsenic it would take to reach the LD50 in a 140 pound person?
140 lb x 1kg/2.2 lb x 13mg/1kg x 1g/1000 mg
A pesticide was applied to a population of roaches, and it was determined that the LD50 was 55 mg/kg. If the average mass of a roach was .02 kg, which of the following approaches will determine the dose in mg per roach?
55mg/1kg x .02 kg
Which of the following components of a wastewater treatment plants designed to facilitate the decomposition of organic material by aerobic microorganisms?
Activated sludge tank
Which of the following best describes the action of an endocrine disruptor?
An endocrine disruptor blocks the receptor protein binding site of a hormone so that the cell cannot receive a signal
Which of the following would be the strongest evidence in support of a scientist's contention that a local area was experiencing acid deposition?
An increase in the concentrations of soluble heavy metals in a local pond
Which of the following human health issues is linked to exposure to pollutants released during the incineration of plastic waste?
Asthma
Increased use of which of the following technologies would cause the greatest reduction in the primary source of photochemical smog?
Catalytic Converter
Significant increases in water temperature can drastically change dissolved oxygen levels in a lake. Why does the combined effect of these two environmental changes result in algal blooms?
Low dissolved oxygen leads to death for aerobic organisms, like fish, whose decomposition provides an overabundance of nutrients for the algae, resulting in the large blooms
Which of the following best describes a way that pops cause harm in the environment?
Pops are soluble in fat, so they accumulate in an organisms' fatty tissues
Based on the diagram, which of the following is the most likely reason that a community with good sanitation could still have individuals who contract cholera?
Runoff from a nearby agricultural field pollutes a reservoir used for drinking water
Which of the following is true of sewage treatment plants in the US?
They are not designed to remove pharmaceutical chemicals from wastewater
The risk that many cancer-causing chemicals pose to humans can be estimated using laboratory tests on rats. A significant scientific limitation of such tests is that
animal models may not reflect human responses
The amount of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river system is likely to be increased by the presence upstream of which of the following?
artificial levees and embankments
The graph above shows the effect of sewage on biological oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen in a flowing stream. The smallest fish populations will probably be found at point
c
Catalytic converters reduce which of the following pairs of pollutants in car exhaust?
carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons
which method would be best suited for neutralizing the acidic components of waste?
chemical treatment
Mandates the restoration and maintenance of the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's water
clean water act
Which type of electricity generating power plant releases radioactive materials as well as toxic metals such as lead and arsenic under normal operating conditions?
coal burning
Rates for which of the following diseases should be used to determine whether the human population using the river as a source of drinking water was exposed to sewage?
dysentery
Which of the following graphs best depicts the expected pattern for dissolved oxygen in this stream as a function of distance from the discharge point?
e, the one with the u
Which of the following best describes how a malfunctioning air compressor would affect the process of sewage treatment?
fewer bacteria would be available to absorb dissolved organics in the tank
Emitted from most manufactured building materials and furniture
formaldehyde
Recent studies have found that fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 mum or less can have negative human health effects. Which of the following correctly links a negative human health effect to an anthropogenic source of fine particulate matter?
high rate of respiratory disease from power plant emissions
In the removal of a pollutant from wastewater, which of the following is true of the cost per unit of pollutant removed?
it increases as the concentration of the pollutant decreases
Which of the following best describes the effect of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on marine organisms?
it will decrease the availability of carbonate ions in ocean water, decreasing the ability of coral to form shells
Primary waste disposal method in the US
landfilling
The major human health problem related to radon accumulation is
lung cancer
A gaseous decay product of uranium that is found in rocks
radon
Establishes cradle-to-grave tracking of hazardous waste
resource conservation and recovery act
Which of the following laws gave the EPA the authority to control hazardous waste from cradle to grave, including the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste?
resource conservation and recovery act
Which of the following is an appropriate remediation strategy for removing radon gas from the home?
seal or ventilate places where radon enters the living space
Integrated waste management employs all of the following except
using disposable diapers instead of cloth diapers
The processes described above are steps in the purification and treatment of municipal wastewater. The steps are listed in random order, which lists the correct sequence?
water is passed through screen, a floccing agent such as alum is added to the water, suspended particles clump and settle out, pathogenic organisms are killed by chlorination, uv, and ozone
Best material for incineration
wood, easily combustible and less harmful air pollutants
