Appendicular Skeleton

Describe the derivative of the word 'malleolus' by using a medical dictionary.

Malleolus is latin for 'little hammer.'

What is the common name of the joint formed at the distal end of the humerus?

elbow

Name the bones which the clavicle articulates with at the medial and lateral ends.

At the medial end, the sternum articulates with the clavicle and at the lateral end, the scapula articulates with the clavicle.

What type of bones are the carpal bones; metacarpal bones; phalanges?

Carpal bones - short Metacarpal bones - long Phalanges - long

What surface feature of the scapula does the head of the humerus articulate with?

Glenoid cavity

Describe what happens to the palm of the hand during supination; during pronation.

Pronation: a movement when the palm goes from facing front (in anatomical position) to facing back. Supination: a movement when the palm goes from facing back to facing front When you are in anatomical position, the forearm is in what is called a supinated position.

Which bones are commonly called the 'collar bone' and the 'shoulder blade?'

The clavicle is commonly called the collar bone and the scapula is commonly called the shoulder blade

How can you tell if a pelvis belongs to a male or female skeleton?.

The female pelvis as a whole is shallower and bones are lighter and thinner. Female ilia flare more laterally Female sacrum is shorter and more curved Female pubic arch is more rounded Female inlet is larger and more circular

Is the position of the fibula medial or lateral to the tibia?

The fibula is lateral to the tibia

Name all the boney surfaces which make up the 'hip joint.'

The hip joint is a joint that is formed by the articulation of the rounded head of the femur with the acetabulum of the pelvis (which is formed by the ilium, ischium and pelvis bones).

Describe the function of the pectoral girdle and name the two bones comprising it.

The pectoral girdle provides a base for arm movement and it helps position the shoulder joints. The two bones are the clavicle and the scapula

Which bone (radius or ulna) is moving during the process of pronation and supination?

The radius. During pronation, the shaft of the radius rotates across the anterior surface of the ulna. And during supination, it moves back.

Why is the surgical neck called the surgical neck?

The surgical neck of the humerus corresponds to the metaphysis of the bone (you will learn about the metaphysis of bones in lecture). Fractures of the humerus typically occur here.

What fact might account for the tibia having such a greater diameter than the fibula?

The tibia is the only bone in the lower leg that directly articulates with the femur. It helps to transfer weight to the ankle and foot.

Determine if the ulna is medial or lateral to the radius.

The ulna is medial to the radius when a person is in anatomical position. Ulna-Pinky side U.P.

Describe the derivative of the word 'trochanter' by using a medical dictionary.

The word "trochanter" is the Greek word for "a runner." A runner runs thanks to his or her femur.

Describe the derivative of the word 'acetabulum' from the Latin or Greek by using a medical dictionary and then describe the shape of the acetabulum in the skeleton.

The word acetabulum means "little vinegar cup", and was the Latin word for a small vessel for storing vinegar. The word was later also used as a unit of volume, equal to roughly 270 ml. The shape of the acetabulum is a cup shaped depression within the os coxae

What bone in the lower leg does the medial and lateral condyle of the femur articulate with?

Tibia

When 'kneeling,' all of the weight of your upper body is directed upon what process of the tibia?

Tibial tuberosity

When seated, what boney process of the ischium is all your upper body weight directed upon?

ischial tuberosity

What forms your most proximal row of knuckles?

metacarpals