apush 27-31 (29-30)
41. Teddy Roosevelt's most enduring achievement may have been A) the delivery of the mail B) his trust busting. C) acting like a Bull Moose D) his efforts supporting the environment. E) his muckraking writing
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The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine called for a. Prohibiting foreign nations from purchasing land in the Western Hemisphere b. Investing in the development of Latin America c. Intervening in Latin America nations that could not pay their debts to European creditors d. Building a U.S. naval base in Cuba e. Pledging never to interfere in another nation's foreign affairs
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The muckrakers signified much about the nature of the progressive reform movement because they A) counted on the inherent greed in the system to further their ideas B) thrived on publicity rather than social change. C) believed that the cure for the ills of American democracy lay in less democracy and more government control. D) sought not to overthrow capitalism but to cleanse it with democratic controls. E) refused to look beyond middle-class concerns.
...
As a part of his reform program, Teddy Roosevelt advocated all of the following except [A] control of labor. [B] consumer protection. [C] an end to railroad rebates. [D] control of corporations. [E] conservation of natural resources.
A
In 1912 Woodrow Wilson became the first __________ elected to the presidency since the Civil War. A) person born in the South B) Democrat C) lawyer D) non—Civil War veteran E) Presbyterian.
A
Jane Addam's Hull House was established primarily to A. create educational programs to aid poor immigrants B. fight the overconsumption of alcohol in the nation's slums C. promote women's suffrage D. provide a halfway home for recently released criminals E. offer a basic education to African-Americans
A
Most muckrakers believed that their primary function in the progressive attack on social ills was to [A] make the public aware of social problems. [B] formulate a consistent philosophy of social reform. [C] explain the causes of social ills. [D] link up with movements for social justice. [E] devise solutions to society's problems.
A
Progressive reform at the level of city government seemed to indicate that the progressives' highest priority was [A] economic equality. [B] democratic participation. [C] governmental efficiency. [D] urban planning. [E] free enterprise.
C
59. Teddy Roosevelt's New Nationalism A) was less progressive than the Square Deal B) opposed the growth of labor unions. C) sought to raise tariffs to protect American industry. D) supported a broad program of social welfare and government regulation of business. E) favored state rather than federal government activism.
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African Americans did all of the following during World War II except A) fight in integrated combat units. B) rally behind the slogan "Double V" (victory over dictators abroad and racism at home). C) move north and west in large numbers. D) form a militant organization called the Congress of Racial Equality. E) serve in the Army
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Teddy Roosevelt helped to end the 1902 strike in the anthracite coal mines by A) using the military to force the miners back to work. B) passing legislation making the miners' union illegal. C) helping the mine owners to import strike-breakers. D) appealing to mine owners' and workers' sense of the public interest. E) threatening to seize the mines and to operate them with federal troops.
...
The movement of tens of thousands of Southern blacks north during WWI resulted in A) better race relations in the South. B) racial violence in the North. C) fewer blacks willing to be used as strikebreakers. D) a new black middle class. E) jazz
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President Roosevelt believed that the federal government should adopt a policy of __________ trusts. [A] regulating [B] ignoring [C] collusion with [D] dissolving [E] monitoring
A
Teddy Roosevelt helped to end the 1902 strike in the anthracite coal mines by [A] threatening to seize the mines and to operate them with federal troops. [B] using the military to force the miners back to work. [C] appealing to mine owners' and workers' sense of the public interest. [D] passing legislation making the miners' union illegal. [E] helping the mine owners to import strike-breakers
A
The 1912 presidential election was notable because A) it gave the voters a clear choice of political and economic philosophies. B) personalities were the only issue of the campaign. C) it was the first time women had the right to vote. D) the Democratic party had split. E) the Socialists competed as a serious third party.
A
The main idea of Theodore Roosevelt's proposed "New Nationalism" was to A. make the federal government an instrument of domestic reform. B. undertake an aggressive new foreign policy. C. increase economic competition by breaking up all trusts and large business combinations. D. seek to establish a large overseas empire E. take an isolationist position in foreign policy while maintaining the status quo domestically.
A
Passage of the Federal Meat Inspection Act was facilitated by the publication of [A] Jack London's Call of the Wild. [B] Upton Sinclair's The Jungle. [C] Henry Demarest Lloyd's Wealth Against Commonwealth. [D] Theodore Dreiser's The Titan. [E] Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives.
B
The progressive-inspired city-manager system of government [A] brought democracy to urban dwellers. [B] was designed to remove politics from municipal administration. [C] made giant strides under the leadership of Hiram Johnson. [D] was developed in Wisconsin. [E] opened urban politics to new immigrants.
B
Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom" and Theodore Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" were similar in that both A. removed restrictions on the rights of women and minorities B. removed restrictions on the rights of unions to organize within the workplace C. expanded the rights of states to regulate business operations within state borders D. expanded the government's role in regulating businesses and business monopolies E. expanded the notion of individualism inherent in their laissez-faire economic policies
While Wilson's rhetoric was more idealistic than Roosevelt's, their actual policies were quite similar. Both men pushed for expanded federal government regulatory power in controlling the activities of business trusts. Neither man wanted total government control of business, but both wanted to curb business abuses and felt that strong, decisive leadership from Washington was the only way this could be accomplished. Both men felt that business monopolies had concentrated so much power that true competition was nonexistent. They believed that government regulation was the only way to curb this power and restore any hope of free competition. Both Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" policy and Wilson's less sweeping "New Freedom" policy emphasized this need for more effective government regulation of business abuses. D
Theodore Roosevelt's strategic thinking about U.S. foreign policy was shaped, in part, by his A. sense that the United States, as the leader of free world, must do whatever it could to promote global democracy. B. belief in the duty of the "civilized" countries of the world to police and subdue "backward" peoples. C. admiration for Germany and antipathy toward Great Britain. D. assumption that a major war among the great powers of Europe was unthinkable.
A
When Congress passed the Underwood Tariff Bill in 1913, it intended the legislation to A) lower tariff rates. B) raise tariff rates. C) eliminate tariffs as a source of revenue. D) essentially maintain the existing tariff schedule. E) aid American farmers.
A
Which country did the United States have to protect Panama from after the Panamanian revolutionaries successfully overthrew their rulers and announced their independence? a. Colombia b. México c. Bolivia d. Venezuela e. Uruguay
A
2. Which of the following was involved in running the Hull House? A) Carrie Chapman Catt B) Mother Jones C) Alice Paul D) Helen Keller E) Jane Addams
E
41. During his presidency, Theodore Roosevelt did all of the following except a) expand presidential power b) shape the progressive movement c) aid the cause of the environment d) provide an international perspective e) tame capitalism
E
Match each 1912 presidential candidate below with his political party. A. Woodrow Wilson 1. Socialist B. Theodore Roosevelt 2. Democratic C. William Howard Taft 3. Republican D. Eugene V. Debs 4. Progressive A) A—1, B—2, C—4, D—3 B) A—1, B—3, C—4, D—2 C) A—4, B—3, C—2, D—l D) A—3, B—1, C—2, D—4 E) A—2, B—4, C—3, D—1
E Woodrow Wilson - Democratic Theodore Roosevelt - Progressive William Howard Taft - Republican Eugene V. Debs - Socialist e
One unusual and significant characteristic of the anthracite coal strike in 1902 was that [A] the national government did not automatically side with the owners in the dispute. [B] the owners quickly agreed to negotiate with labor representatives in order to settle their differences peacefully. [C] for a time the mines were seized by the national government and operated by federal troops [D] it generated widespread middle-class support. [E] the coal miners' union was officially recognized as the legal bargaining agent of the miners.
A
Which of the following was not among the issues addressed by women in the progressive movement? a) ending special regulations governing women in the workplace b) preventing child labor in factories and sweatshops c) insuring that food products were healthy and safe d) attacking tuberculosis and other diseases bred in slum tenements e) creating pensions for mothers with dependent children
A
While president, Theodore Roosevelt [A] greatly increased the power and prestige of the presidency. [B] showed no skill and little interest in working with Congress. [C] held rigidly to ideological principles. [D] was surprisingly unpopular with the public. [E] was a poor judge of public opinion.
A
60. "German submarine warfare was the single most important factor in causing the U.S. to enter WWI" Evidence supporting this position includes all of the following EXCEPT a. the sinking of the Lusitania b. the Zimmerman Telegram c. the Sussex Pledge d. Wilson's decision to break off diplomatic relations with Germany e. Wilson's war message to Congress, April 1917
B
A main reason many Republican senators objected to the plan for the League of Nations was that A. Article X would be too expensive for the United States to uphold B. it could pull the United States into future conflicts C. Russia would be allowed to play a leadership role in the league D. Germany would be allowed to retain in military E. the United States would have to reduce its military
B
According to the text, the runaway philosophical winner in the 1912 election was A) socialism. B) progressivism. C) conservatism. D) capitalism. E) feminism.
B
Congress passed the Underwood Tariff because A) big business favored its passage. B) President Wilson aroused public opinion to support its passage. C) the general public had been demanding a higher tariff. D) the tariff kept the graduated income tax from being enacted. E) Wilson gained Western support for tariff reduction.
B
Lincoln Steffens, in his series of articles entitled "The Shame of the Cities," [A] attacked the United States Senate. [B] unmasked the corrupt alliance between big business and municipal government. [C] uncovered official collusion in prostitution and "white slavery." [D] laid bare the practices of the stock market. [E] exposed the deplorable condition of blacks in urban areas.
B
The building of the Panama Canal was important because it a. promoted European investment in the United States b. facilitated trade between Atlantic and Pacific ports c. helped stabilize the economies of Latin American nations d. improved relations between Colombia and the United States e. gave many skilled-labor Americans employment
B
The settlement house and women's club movements were crucial centers of female progressive activity because they [A] broke down the idea that women had special concerns as wives and mothers. [B] introduced many middle-class women to a broader array of urban social problems and civic concerns. [C] helped slum children learn to read Dante and Shakespeare. [D] became the launching pads for women seeking political office. [E] provided literary and philosophical perspectives on social questions.
B
Which statement accurately summarizes Theodore Roosevelt's policy on the Panama Canal? a. Roosevelt waited for Columbia to agree to a fair price for the Canal Zone b. Roosevelt gave military support to Panama's revolt against Columbia c. Panama's government persuaded Roosevelt to give U.S. assistance for building the canal d. Roosevelt signed a treaty in which Colombia agreed to create Panama as a separate nation e. Roosevelt was able to develop strong Latin American support for his canal project
B
Why was the Open Door Policy important to the United States? a. it gave the United States territory in China b. it gave the United States access to millions of Chinese consumes c. it increased Chinese immigrants to the United States d. it stemmed the flow of Chinese immigrants to the United States e. it allowed more immigrants into the country to work in the factories
B
Match each early-twentieth-century muckraker below with the target of his or her exposé. ___ A. David G. Phillips ___ B. Ida Tarbell ___ C. Lincoln Steffens ___ D. Ray Stannard Baker 1. the United States Senate 2. the Standard Oil Company 3. city governments 4. the condition of blacks [A] A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4 [B] A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4 [C] A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3 [D] A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1 [E] A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
B David G. Philipps - The united states senate Ida Tarbell - The Standard Oil Company Lincoln Steffens - city government Ray Stannard Baker - the condition of blacks
In 1912, Woodrow Wilson ran for the presidency on a Democratic platform that included all of the following except a call for A) antitrust legislation. B) monetary reform. C) dollar diplomacy. D) tariff reductions. E) support for small business.
C
Theodore Roosevelt's policy toward business trusts was to A. support deregulation of business trusts so they could consolidate and better compete with international competition B. quash reform efforts aimed at regulating business trusts because he believed the reformers were led by socialists and Marxists C. seek regulation of only those trusts that used their powers to unfairly manipulate their markets and the economy D. seek to bust, or destroy, all business trusts as antidemocratic and harmful to free companies E. let the individual states, deal with trusts as they chose. He did not believe that the federal government had the power to intervene
C
Theodore Roosevelt's strategic thinking about U.S. foreign policy was shaped, in part, by his A.assumption that a major war among the great powers of Europe was unthinkable. B. admiration for Germany and antipathy toward Great Britain. C. sense that the United States, as the leader of free world, must do whatever it could to promote global democracy. D. belief in the duty of the "civilized" countries of the world to police and subdue "backward" peoples.
C
What was the Great Migration during the First World War? A. The increased number of European migrants coming to America, hoping to escape the war B. The mass exodus of midwestern farmers looking for factory jobs in war industries C. The increased numbers of African-Americans moving into northern cities D. The massive transition of women to do work once solely carried out by men E. The movement of ethnic Germans out of the United States during the war
C
When Jane Addams placed Teddy Roosevelt's name in nomination for the presidency in 1912, it A) demonstrated that the Republican party supported woman suffrage. B) ensured Roosevelt's defeat by William Howard Taft. C) symbolized the rising political status of women. D) showed that Roosevelt had lost touch with public opinion. E) demonstrated his concern for international peace.
C
Which of the following best characterizes the muckrakers of the early 20th century? a. They were primarily concerned with radical issues b. They were mostly recent immigrants to the United States c. The were leading critics of urban boss politics d. Their influence on public opinion was greatest after the First World War. e. They wrote primarily for an academic audience.
C
Which of the following has NOT been suggested by historians as an explanation for the development of American imperialism in the 1890's? A. Pressure for military action by a growing officer corps in the army. B. The example of European colonial powers in Asia and Africa. C. Competition for newspaper readership by the "yellow press." D. The search for markets and raw materials by business. E. Support for the idea of the "White Man's Burden."
C
Which of the following statemetns best illustrates a challenge faced by the United States following the First World War? A. The United States found itself the world's largest debtor nation. B. The United States found itself with a severe labor shortages. C. The United States lacked a plan to reintegrate soldiers into soicety. D. The U.S. government continued to tightly control the economy. E. The infrastructure of the United States was shattered by the war.
C
When Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle, he intended his book to focus attention on the [A] unsanitary conditions that existed in the meat-packing industry. [B] deplorable conditions in the drug industry. [C] plight of workers in the stockyards and meat-packing industry. [D] unhealthy effects of beef consumption. [E] corruption in the United States Senate.
C PLIGHT: a dangerous, difficult, or otherwise unfortunate situation.
How did Woodrow Wilson's reform platform during the 1912 campaign differ from that of Theodore Roosevelt? A. Unlike Wilson, Roosevelt supported strong executive leadership. B. Unlike Roosevelt, Wilson supported the federal government's regulation of business/ C. Unlike Roosevelt, Wilson thought rusts should not be regulated. D. Unlike Roosevelt, Wilson called for an increased tariff. E. Wilson rejected Roosevelt's platform of New Nationalism.
C While Roosevelt's platform of New Nationalism shared many similar ideas with Wilson's New Freedom, the two platforms differed in their views of how trusts should be dealt with.
A major goal of Woodrow Wilson's League of Nations was to A. provide agricultural aid internationally to countries in need B. provide all nations with open access to trade C. create military equality among the world's major powers D. promote internaitonal security and peace among nations E. root out communism and socialism globally
D
According to the text, Teddy Roosevelt's most enduring, tangible achievement may have been [A] mediating an end to the Russo-Japanese War. [B] his efforts at consumer protection. [C] his efforts supporting the environment. [D] the Panama Canal.
D
In reaction to a perceived insult to the U.S. flag and in order to hasten the downfall of Mexican leader Victoriano Huerta, President Woodrow Wilson A. ordered General John J. Pershing to take U.S. troops across the border into northern Mexico. B. withdrew previously granted U.S. diplomatic recognition of Huerta's regime. C. ordered the occupation of Mexico City by U.S. troops. D. ordered U.S. forces to occupy the Mexican port city of Vera Cruz. E. sent a strong diplomatic protest.
D
In what ways did the muckrakers contribute to the rise of Progressivism in the early years of the twentieth century? A. Their lurid stories of European abuses led directly to American isolationism until World War I. B. Their stories glorifying the rich and famous led to the supremacy of laissez-faire economic theories during this period. C. Their horror stories of Marxist infiltration into workers' unions led to public support for crackdowns against reform-minded unions and alliances. D. Their exposes of government and business corruption, abuse, and mismanagement led to widely supported public demands for effective reform. E. They created a repugnance for the national press that generalized into a distrust for all government and business institutions.
D
President Taft's foreign policy was dubbed [A] the Open Door policy. [B] sphere-of-influence diplomacy. [C] big-stick diplomacy. [D] dollar diplomacy. [E] the Good Neighbor policy.
D
Teddy Roosevelt's New Nationalism A) pinned its economic faith on competition and the breakup of large monopolies. B) opposed the growth of labor unions. C) sought to raise tariffs to protect American industry. D) supported a broad program of social welfare and government regulation of business. E) favored state rather than federal government activism.
D
The muckrakers signified much about the nature of the progressive reform movement because they a) counted on drastic political change to fight social wrongs b) thrived on publicity rather than social change c) believed that the cure for the ills of American democracy lay in less democracy and more government control d) sought not to overthrow capitalism but to cleanse it with democratic controls e) refused to look beyond middle-class concerns
D
The real purpose of Teddy Roosevelt's assault on trusts was to [A] inspire confidence in small business owners. [B] halt the trend toward combination and integration in business. [C] establish himself as a bigger "trustbuster" than William Howard Taft. [D] prove that the government, not private business, ruled the country. [E] fragment big business.
D
Theodore Roosevelt's mediation in the Russo-Japanese War reflected his belief that United States interests were best served by a. a decisive victory for Russia b. a decisive victory for Japan c. the acquisition of Russian and Japanese spheres of interest by the United States d. a balance of power between Russia and Japan e. the return of Russian and Japanese spheres of interest to China
D
Which of the following was not considered part of Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal? A. Controlling the corporations B. Providing Consumer protection C. Protecting business from extreme union demands D. Expanding America's interional influence E. Conserving America's natural resources
D
Woodrow Wilson's administration refused to extend formal diplomatic recognition to the government in Mexico headed by A) Porfirio Diaz. B) Venustiano Carranza. C) Pancho Villa. D) Victoriano Huerta. E) Emiliano Zapata.
D
on the League of Nations came from a. Henry Cabot Lodge b. The reservationists c. The irreconcilables d. Democrats e. Republicans
D
"Article X says that every member of the League, and that means every great fighting power in the world, . . .solemnly engages to respect and preserve . . .the territorial integrity and existing politcal independence of the other members of the League. If you do that, you have absolutely stopped ambitious and aggressive war." Woodrow Wilson's statement above was made in justifications of his a. decision to send troops to northern Russia and Siberia after the Bolshevik Revolution b. refusal to award Fiume to the Italians c. insistence on "open treaties, openly arrived at" d. opposition to the resolution on racial equality put forth at the Paris peace negotiations by the Japanese delegation e. refusal to accept the "reservations" proposed by Henry Cabot Lodge in the Senate debate over ratification of the Treaty of Versailles
E
All of the following contributed to the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment legislating Prohibition in 1919 EXCEPT a. the continued efforts of the Anti-Saloon league b. the fervor of the First World War lending patriotism to the cause of prohibition c. the Progressive belief in social reform d. the cumulative impact of state prohibition laws e. the high death tool from alcohol-related automobile accident
E
Female progressives often justified their reformist political activities on the basis of A) the need to assert female power against male oppression. B) America's need to catch up with more progressive European nations. C) women's inherent rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. D) the harsh treatment of working women by employers. E) their being essentially an extension of women's traditional roles as wives and mothers.
E
Of the following legislation aimed at resource conservation, the only one associated with Roosevelt's presidency was the [A] Cary Act. [B] Desert Land Act. [C] Forest Reserve Act. [D] Clean Water Act. [E] Newlands Act
E
The muckrakers I. were crusading journalists, novelists, historians, economists, sociologists, and philosophers who exposed corruption in government and business II. aroused the public to support consumer protection reforms, direct election of senators, municipal ownership of utilities, and city-manager system III. were partly responsible for the success of the Progressive movement in the period before World War I A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II only E. I, II, and III
E
To regain the power that the people had lost to the "interests," progressives advocated all of the followingexcept [A] referendum. [B] recall. [C] initiative. [D] direct election of U.S. senators. [E] socialism
E
Which of the following led immediately and directly to Theodore Roosevelt's issuance of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine? a. Pancho Villa's armed raids into Texas and New Mexico b. General Augusto Sandino's insurrection against American troops occupying Nicaragua c. The arrest of an unarmed party of American sailors in Tampico, Mexico d. American concern that a Japanese syndicate would attempt to purchase land near the Panama Canal e. American fear that financial instability in the Dominican Republic would lead to European inter
E
The progressive movement was instrumental in getting both the Seventeenth and Eighteenth amendments added to the Constitution. The Seventeenth called for__________, and the Eighteenth called for__________. [A] income taxes, direct election of senators [B] woman suffrage, income taxes [C] woman suffrage, direct election of senators [D] prohibition, woman suffrage [E] direct election of senators, prohibition
E 16th income taxes 17th direct election of senators, 18th prohibition 19th woman suffrage
Which of the following is not an example of a political reform made during the Progressive Era? A. The initiative B. The referendum C. The recall D. Party nominating conventions E. The direct election of senators
the initiative, which allowed average citizens to put bills before state legislatures. referendums, which gave citizens the right to vote directly on bills, Citizens were also given the power to remove elected officials from office with the recall. Finally, in 1904, Oregon began to elect its senators directly rather than having them chosen by the state legislature. In 1913, this practice became constitutional law with the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment, which required all states to choose their senators through direct elections.