APUSH

11. "As the early years at Hull House show, female participation in that area of reform grew out of a set of needs and values peculiar to middle-class women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Settlement workers did not set out to become reformers. They were rather women trying to fulfill existing social expectations for self-sacrificing female service while at the same time satisfying their need for public recognition, authority, and independence. In the process of attempting to weave together a life of service and professional accomplishment, they became reformers as the wider world defined them." Robyn Muncy, historian, Creating a Female Dominion in American Reform, 1890-1935, published in 1991. 11. Which of the following was the most direct effect of the trend described in the excerpt? A. The development of the Progressive movement to address social problems associated with industrial society B. The emergence of the Populist Party's efforts to increase the role of government in the economy C. The election of large numbers of women to political offices D. The increased participation of women in factory work

A

12. "Economic growth was indeed the most decisive force in the shaping of attitudes and expectations in the postwar era. The prosperity of the period broadened gradually in the late 1940s, accelerated in the 1950s, and soared to unimaginable heights in the 1960s. By then it was a boom that astonished observers. One economist, writing about the twenty-five years following World War II, put it simply by saying that this was a 'quarter century of sustained growth at the highest rates in recorded history.' Former Prime Minister Edward Heath of Great Britain agreed, observing that the United States at the time was enjoying 'the greatest prosperity the world has ever known.'" James T. Patterson, historian, Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945-1974, published in 1996. 12. Which of the following was the most direct effect of the trend described in the excerpt? A. A surge in the national birthrate B. The expansion of voting rights for African Americans C. Challenges to conformity raised by intellectuals and artists D. The gradual emergence of détente with the Soviet Union

A

3. "Be it enacted ... That after the five and twentieth day of March, 1698, no goods or merchandizes whatsoever shall be imported into, or exported out of, any colony or plantation to his Majesty, in Asia, Africa, or America ... in any ship or bottom, but what is or shall be of the built of England, Ireland, or the said colonies or plantations ... and navigated with the masters and three fourths of the mariners of the said places only ... under pain of forfeiture of ships and goods." English Parliament, Navigation Act, 1696 3. The goals presented in the excerpt from the act have the most in common with which of the following? A. Increases in the federal tariff in the 1820s B. Progressive Era antitrust reforms in the 1900s C. Free-trade policies in the 1990s D. Federal tax reductions in the 2000s

A

6. "Still, though a slaveholder, I freely acknowledge my obligations as a man; and I am bound to treat humanely the fellow creatures whom God has entrusted to my charge. ... It is certainly in the interest of all, and I am convinced it is the desire of every one of us, to treat our slaves with proper kindness." Letter from former South Carolina governor James Henry Hammond, 1845 "Standing with God and the crushed and bleeding slave on this occasion, I will, in the name of humanity which is outraged, in the name of Liberty which is fettered, in the name of the constitution and Bible, which are disregarded and trampled upon, dare to call in question and denounce ... slavery 'the great sin and shame of America'!" Frederick Douglass, speech titled "The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro," 1852 6. The language used in both excerpts most directly reflects the influence of which of the following? A. The Second Great Awakening B. States' rights C. Manifest Destiny D. American nationalism

A

14. "Economic growth was indeed the most decisive force in the shaping of attitudes and expectations in the postwar era. The prosperity of the period broadened gradually in the late 1940s, accelerated in the 1950s, and soared to unimaginable heights in the 1960s. By then it was a boom that astonished observers. One economist, writing about the twenty-five years following World War II, put it simply by saying that this was a 'quarter century of sustained growth at the highest rates in recorded history.' Former Prime Minister Edward Heath of Great Britain agreed, observing that the United States at the time was enjoying 'the greatest prosperity the world has ever known.'" James T. Patterson, historian, Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945-1974, published in 1996 14. Many of the federal policies and initiatives passed in the 1960s address which of the following about the economic trend described in the excerpt? A. Affluence had effectively eliminated racial discrimination. B. Pockets of poverty persisted despite overall affluence. C. A rising standard of living encouraged unionization of industrial workers. D. Private industry boomed in spite of a declining rate of federal spending.

B

17. "Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' [A]s grand Senator ... Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, 'For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till today the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?'" Mary Elizabeth Lease, speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 17. Lease's views best reflect the influence of which of the following developments in social and political movements in the 1890s? A. Increased calls for radical overthrow of the federal government B. Rising grassroots challenges to the dominant economic system C. Greater support for corporate power in agriculture D. Emerging ideological justifications for inequities of wealth

B

19. "Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' [A]s grand Senator ... Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, 'For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till today the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?'" Mary Elizabeth Lease, speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 19. The economy described in the speech is most similar to the economy in which of the following decades? A. 1910s B. 1930s C. 1950s D. 1960s

B

2. "Be it enacted ... That after the five and twentieth day of March, 1698, no goods or merchandizes whatsoever shall be imported into, or exported out of, any colony or plantation to his Majesty, in Asia, Africa, or America ... in any ship or bottom, but what is or shall be of the built of England, Ireland, or the said colonies or plantations ... and navigated with the masters and three fourths of the mariners of the said places only ... under pain of forfeiture of ships and goods." English Parliament, Navigation Act, 1696 2. One direct long-term effect of the Navigation Act was that it A. promoted commercial treaties with Spain and France throughout the 1700s B. contributed to the rise of opposition that ultimately fostered the independence movement C. encouraged colonists in North America to expand trade agreements with American Indians D. led to the imposition of heavy taxes on the North American colonists in the early 1700s

B

9. "As the early years at Hull House show, female participation in that area of reform grew out of a set of needs and values peculiar to middle-class women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Settlement workers did not set out to become reformers. They were rather women trying to fulfill existing social expectations for self-sacrificing female service while at the same time satisfying their need for public recognition, authority, and independence. In the process of attempting to weave together a life of service and professional accomplishment, they became reformers as the wider world defined them." Robyn Muncy, historian, Creating a Female Dominion in American Reform, 1890-1935, published in 1991. 9. Women working in settlement houses such as Hull House initially sought to help A. formerly enslaved men and women adjust to life after slavery B. immigrants adapt to American customs and language C. farmers fight unfair banking practices D. American Indians resist encroachment on their lands

B

1. "Be it enacted ... That after the five and twentieth day of March, 1698, no goods or merchandizes whatsoever shall be imported into, or exported out of, any colony or plantation to his Majesty, in Asia, Africa, or America ... in any ship or bottom, but what is or shall be of the built of England, Ireland, or the said colonies or plantations ... and navigated with the masters and three fourths of the mariners of the said places only ... under pain of forfeiture of ships and goods." English Parliament, Navigation Act, 1696 1. The excerpt most directly reflects which of the following goals for England's North American colonies? A. Developing them as a producer of manufactured goods B. Aiding them in developing trade with other European nations C. Integrating them into a coherent imperial structure based on mercantilism D. Protecting them from American Indian attacks

C

13. "Economic growth was indeed the most decisive force in the shaping of attitudes and expectations in the postwar era. The prosperity of the period broadened gradually in the late 1940s, accelerated in the 1950s, and soared to unimaginable heights in the 1960s. By then it was a boom that astonished observers. One economist, writing about the twenty-five years following World War II, put it simply by saying that this was a 'quarter century of sustained growth at the highest rates in recorded history.' Former Prime Minister Edward Heath of Great Britain agreed, observing that the United States at the time was enjoying 'the greatest prosperity the world has ever known.'" James T. Patterson, historian, Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945-1974, published in 1996. 13. One significant result of the economic trend described in the excerpt was the A. rise of the sexual revolution in the United States B. decrease in the number of immigrants seeking entry to the United States C. rise of the Sun Belt as a political and economic force D. decrease in the number of women in the workforce

C

16. "Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' [A]s grand Senator ... Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, 'For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till today the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?'" Mary Elizabeth Lease, speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 16. In the speech, Lease was reacting primarily to the problems faced by which of the following groups? A. Bankers B. Southern European migrants C. Farmers D. African Americans

C

5. "Still, though a slaveholder, I freely acknowledge my obligations as a man; and I am bound to treat humanely the fellow creatures whom God has entrusted to my charge. ... It is certainly in the interest of all, and I am convinced it is the desire of every one of us, to treat our slaves with proper kindness." Letter from former South Carolina governor James Henry Hammond, 1845 "Standing with God and the crushed and bleeding slave on this occasion, I will, in the name of humanity which is outraged, in the name of Liberty which is fettered, in the name of the constitution and Bible, which are disregarded and trampled upon, dare to call in question and denounce ... slavery 'the great sin and shame of America'!" Frederick Douglass, speech titled "The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro," 1852 5. Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the perspective of Frederick Douglass in the excerpt? A. Southern Democrats B. Southern planters C. Northern abolitionists D. Northern merchants

C

10. "As the early years at Hull House show, female participation in that area of reform grew out of a set of needs and values peculiar to middle-class women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Settlement workers did not set out to become reformers. They were rather women trying to fulfill existing social expectations for self-sacrificing female service while at the same time satisfying their need for public recognition, authority, and independence. In the process of attempting to weave together a life of service and professional accomplishment, they became reformers as the wider world defined them." Robyn Muncy, historian, Creating a Female Dominion in American Reform, 1890-1935, published in 1991. 10. Settlement house work as described by Muncy had the most in common with women's activism during which of the following earlier periods? A. The Protestant evangelism of the mid-1700s B. The decade leading up to the American Revolution C. The two decades following the American Revolution D. The Second Great Awakening in the first half of the 1800s

D

15. "Economic growth was indeed the most decisive force in the shaping of attitudes and expectations in the postwar era. The prosperity of the period broadened gradually in the late 1940s, accelerated in the 1950s, and soared to unimaginable heights in the 1960s. By then it was a boom that astonished observers. One economist, writing about the twenty-five years following World War II, put it simply by saying that this was a 'quarter century of sustained growth at the highest rates in recorded history.' Former Prime Minister Edward Heath of Great Britain agreed, observing that the United States at the time was enjoying 'the greatest prosperity the world has ever known.'" James T. Patterson, historian, Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945-1974, published in 1996 15. The increased culture of consumerism during the 1950s was most similar to developments in which of the following earlier periods? A. The 1840s B. The 1860s C. The 1910s D. The 1920s

D

18. "Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' [A]s grand Senator ... Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, 'For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till today the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?'" Mary Elizabeth Lease, speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 People who agreed with the argument made in the speech would most likely have recommended which of the following solutions? A. Separate but equal segregated facilities to increase job opportunities for white workers B. Continuation of the gold standard as the basis for money C. Reduced government involvement in the economy in order to create more competition D. A stronger government role in the economic system

D

4. "Still, though a slaveholder, I freely acknowledge my obligations as a man; and I am bound to treat humanely the fellow creatures whom God has entrusted to my charge. ... It is certainly in the interest of all, and I am convinced it is the desire of every one of us, to treat our slaves with proper kindness." Letter from former South Carolina governor James Henry Hammond, 1845 "Standing with God and the crushed and bleeding slave on this occasion, I will, in the name of humanity which is outraged, in the name of Liberty which is fettered, in the name of the constitution and Bible, which are disregarded and trampled upon, dare to call in question and denounce ... slavery 'the great sin and shame of America'!" Frederick Douglass, speech titled "The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro," 1852 4. The excerpt from James Henry Hammond is most clearly an example of which of the following developments in the mid-19th century? A. The decline of slavery in Southern states as a result of gradual emancipation laws B. The increasingly restrictive nature of slavery in the South enforced by stronger slave codes C. The expanding use of moral arguments by Northern antislavery activists D. The growing tendency among Southern slaveholders to justify slavery as a positive good

D