APUSH Ch. 11 Practice Quizzes

What was a negative outcome of the case Dartmouth College v. Woodward? -The Supreme Court would be permitted to invalidate state laws. -States were given power over the national bank. -Businesses were safeguarded against domination by state governments. -Chartered corporations would lack public control. -Congress was given the power to regulate interstate commerce.

Chartered corporations would lack public control. In Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819), John Marshall sustained Dartmouth University's original charter against changes proposed by the New Hampshire state legislature. The decision had the fortunate effect of protecting business enterprise from domination by state government. On the flip side, it had the unfortunate effect of creating a precedent that enabled chartered corporations to escape necessary public control.

Which of the following was not a component of Henry Clay's American System? -Easy and abundant credit provided by banks -A strong national banking system and currency -A network of federally financed and controlled roads and canals -High tariffs to protect American manufacturing -Free homesteads for western settlers on federal land

Free homesteads for western settlers on federal land Henry Clay's American System included three main parts. The first was a strong banking system to provide easy and abundant credit. The second component—a high protective tariff—would provide funds for the third component, a network of roads and canals.

The resolutions enacted by the delegates at the Hartford Convention did which of the following? -Called for southern secession from the union -Supported use of state militias against the British -Helped to cause the death of the Federalist party -Resulted in the resurgence of states' rights activism in the South -Called for the West to join the War of 1812

Helped to cause the death of the Federalist party From December 15, 1814, to January 5, 1815, twenty-six Federalist delegates from all of the New England states met in secrecy in Hartford, Connecticut, to discuss their grievances against Congress and the White House, whom they believed favored the South and the West. As they delivered their demands to the capital of Washington, the country received news of the American victory in New Orleans, overshadowing the Federalists' complaints, which were now seen as treasonous and petty. In the end, the Hartford Convention turned out to be the death of the Federalist party, which disappeared altogether in the 1820s.

How did the Land Act of 1820 benefit the West? -It provided that new roads be built, allowing settlers to travel more quickly. -It lowered the price of public land, fueling settlement in the Northwest and Missouri Territories. -It enabled settlers to purchase land on credit. -It resulted in Western settlements forming alliances with one another. -It reduced the need for steamboats to be built.

It lowered the price of public land, fueling settlement in the Northwest and Missouri Territories. The Land Act of 1820 fueled settlement in the Northwest and Missouri Territories by authorizing a buyer to purchase eighty acres at a minimum price of $1.25 an acre. The act also prohibited the purchase of federal acreage on credit, thereby eliminating one of the causes of the panic of 1819.

What was significant about the case Gibbons v. Ogden? -It gave the state sole power to make decisions regarding its businesses. -It established firmer protection for private property. -It indicated that states do not have power to tax the bank. -It safeguarded businesses from domination by state governments. -It reasserted Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce.

It reasserted Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce. Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) was a suit over whether New York State could award a monopoly on waterborne commerce between New Jersey and New York to a private company. John Marshall ruled against New York, reasserting that Congress, not the state, had the sole power to regulate interstate commerce.

Which statement best describes the Monroe Doctrine at the time it was issued? -It was welcomed with relief by European powers who feared British power in the Western Hemisphere. -It was greeted with enthusiasm and gratitude in Latin America. -It was opposed by both the Whigs and the Democratic-Republicans. -It was incapable of being effectively enforced by the United States armed forces. -It was universally acclaimed in Britain as a great act of statesmanship.

It was incapable of being effectively enforced by the United States armed forces. The United States largely lacked the power to back up the Monroe Doctrine, and the pronouncement was actually enforced by the British, who sought unfettered access to Latin American markets.

Why did New England suffer a great discredit at the end of the War of 1812? -It failed to support President Madison for re-election. -It demanded that the war be continued until the British menace in Canada was removed. -Its antiwar dissent led to a flirtation with disloyalty and secession in the Hartford Convention. -Its soldiers and sailors performed poorly in battle. -Peace terms had dictated that a Canadian force keep the peace in Vermont until 1850.

Its antiwar dissent led to a flirtation with disloyalty and secession in the Hartford Convention. At the end of the War of 1812, sectionalism, now identified with discredited New England Federalists who had organized the Hartford Convention, was given a black eye. As such, New Englanders were eyed warily and the Federalist party quickly died out.

What were the terms of the Missouri Compromise? -Missouri would enter the union as a free state, and slavery would be permitted in territories acquired in the Louisiana Purchase. -Maine and Missouri would enter the union as slave states. -Missouri would enter the union as a slave state, and Maine would enter as a free state. -Maine would enter the Union as a slave state, and slavery would be prohibited in territories acquired in the Louisiana Purchase. -Missouri and Maine would enter the union as free states.

Missouri would enter the union as a slave state, and Maine would enter as a free state. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state but preserved the balance between North and South by carving free-soil Maine out of Massachusetts and prohibiting slavery from territories acquired in the Louisiana Purchase, north of the line of 36°30'.

The principles of noncolonization and nonintervention in the Monroe Doctrine of 1823 were which of the following? -Aimed at British efforts to gain control over Cuba -Applicable only to Central and South America -Mostly a symbolic gesture of goodwill to the Latin American republics -Included in the doctrine only over the opposition of Secretary of -State John Quincy Adams -Most immediately diplomatic responses by the U.S. government to the apparent territorial designs of Russia on Alaska and Oregon

Most immediately diplomatic responses by the U.S. government to the apparent territorial designs of Russia on Alaska and Oregon The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 was President Monroe's warning to European powers to refrain from seeking any new territories in the Americas. Monroe first directed his message to Russia, who had territorial designs on Alaska and Oregon in the Northwest.

All of the following were true of the Panic of 1819 except: -Many factors contributed to the catastrophe of 1819, especially overspeculation in frontier lands. -The Bank of the United States, through its western branches, had no role in overspeculation in frontier lands. -Much of the goodness went out of the good feelings in 1819. -It was the first national financial panic since Washington had been president. -It brought deflation, depression, bankruptcies, bank failures, unemployment, soup kitchens, and overcrowded pesthouses, known as debtors' prisons.

The Bank of the United States, through its western branches, had no role in overspeculation in frontier lands. The Panic of 1819 was a severe financial crisis brought on primarily by the efforts of the Bank of the United States to curb overspectulation on Western Lands.

All of the following were true of the political unity and good will of the Era of Good Feelings except: -The vanquished Federalist party was gasping its dying breaths, leaving the field to the triumphant Republicans and one-party rule. -The acute issues of the tariff, the bank, internal improvements, and the sale of public lands were set aside. -It was something of a misnomer. -It was sharply interrupted by the controversy over slavery. -It coincided with the election of James Monroe.

The acute issues of the tariff, the bank, internal improvements, and the sale of public lands were set aside. The Era of Good Feelings (1816-1824) is the popular name for the period of one-party Republican rule during James Monroe's presidency. The term was something of a misnomer, though. Considerable tranquility and prosperity did characterize the early years of Monroe's presidency, but the period was a troubled one with acute issues of the tariff, the bank, internal improvements, and the sale of public land.

In the 1820s, why were Americans particularly worried about the fate of republicanism in the New World? -The reactionary monarchies of Europe were actively seeking to crush republican and democratic ideas. -The slave revolt in Haiti and British abolitionism threatened slavery in the United States. -The new Latin American countries were establishing authoritarian dictatorships. -The British were attempting to establish new colonies in formerly Spanish Latin America. -The Supreme Court had suspended all meetings of Congress until the presidential election of 1920.

The reactionary monarchies of Europe were actively seeking to crush republican and democratic ideas. In the early nineteenth century, rethroned European autocrats banded together to protect their monarchies and undertook steps to stamp out the democratic tendencies that had sprouted throughout Europe. Alarmed Americans feared that, if the European powers intervened in the New World, the cause of republicanism would suffer irreparable harm.

The terms of the Treaty of Ghent, ending the War of 1812, provided what? -The two sides would stop fighting and return to the status quo before the war. -Britain would stop impressment of American sailors. -There would be a buffer Indian state between the United States and Canada. -Britain would acquire American colonies in the Caribbean. -The United States would acquire western Florida in exchange for guaranteeing British control of Canada.

The two sides would stop fighting and return to the status quo before the war. Signed on Christmas Eve in 1814, the Treaty of Ghent was essentially an armistice between the United States and Britain. Both sides simply agreed to stop fighting and restore conquered territory. No mention was made of the grievances for which America had ostensibly fought.

Which of the following reflects many of Chief Justice John Marshall's most famous Supreme Court decisions? -They favored individual states' rights. -They bolstered the power of the federal government. -They were disagreed upon by other Court justices. -They resulted in new amendments to the Constitution. -They went against the Constitution.

They bolstered the power of the federal government. The upsuring of nationalism in America during the post-Ghent treaty years was reflected and reinforced by the Supreme Court. The Court was dominated by Chief Justice John Marshall, whose most famous decisions often bolstered the power of the federal government at the expense of the states.

What mistake did the United States make at the beginning of the War of 1812? -They underestimated the value of the Great Lakes. -They used navy ships that were ill-equipped compared to British vessels. -They focused all of their efforts on capturing Montreal. -They didn't put enough money into the war effort. -They divided their military strength into three different forces.

They divided their military strength into three different forces. The Americans' opening offensive strategy against the British in Canada at the beginning of the War of 1812 was poorly conceived. Rather than focusing their energy on capturing Montreal, the center of population and transportation, they divided their military strength into three weaker forces that were quickly beaten back after crossing the Canadian border.

Why were Southerners apprehensive about the Tallmadge amendment? -They wanted Missouri to be admitted to the union as a Northern state. -They felt the law was a threat to sectional balance. -They represented the minority in the Senate. -They hoped to expand slavery into the North. -They believed that slaves in Missouri should be emancipated.

They felt the law was a threat to sectional balance. When the territory of Missouri sought admission to the union as a slave state in 1819, Congress passed the Tallmadge Amendment. The law stipulated that no more slaves should be brought into Missouri and provided for the gradual emancipation of children born to slave parents. Southerners saw the amendment as a threat to their sectional balance and eventually defeated it in the Senate.

The new spirit of nationalism reflected in American literature found strong expression in whose writings? -Louisa May Alcott and Lyman Beecher -Benjamin Franklin and Andrew Jackson -Thomas Paine and Richard Almanack -Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper -Herman Melville and Nathaniel Hawthorne

Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper The most impressive by-product of the War of 1812 was heightened nationalism. Though America did not fight the war as one nation, it emerged as one nation. This change was reflected in literature and manifested through the work of Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper, who were the nation's first writers of importance to use American scenes and themes in their work.

By 1814, British forces did which of the following? -Were called away to defeat Napoleon's forces in Europe -Had retreated to their base in Canada -Were not a factor in the war -Focused increasingly on controlling the territories of New England -Were invading the United States on three fronts: in New York, the Chesapeake region, and Louisiana

Were invading the United States on three fronts: in New York, the Chesapeake region, and Louisiana By 1814, British forces were invading the United States on three fronts: in New York, the Chesapeake region, and Louisiana. Though the United States held their ground in update New York, New Orleans, and Baltimore, the British managed to enter Washington D.C. and set fire to most of the public buildings, including the Capitol and the White House.