APUSH Chapter 27
The Boxer Rebellion that attempted to drive all foreigners out of China
A. Brought American armed forces onto the Asian mainland for the first time
Theodore Roosevelt
A. Imperialist advocate, aggressive assistant navy secretary, Rough Rider
What two prime naval harbors did the United States acquire in (a) Samoa and (b) in Hawaii?
Apia Harbor and Pearl Harbor
The Maine explosion
B. Created an emotional and irresistible public demand for war with Spain
William James
B. Harvard philosopher and one of the leading anti-imperialists opposing U.S. acquisition of the Philippines
Anti-foreign Chinese revolt of 1900 that brought military intervention by Western troops, including Americans
Boxer Rebellion
In the Venezuelan boundary conflict, which nation—Britain or Venezuela—gained more of the disputed territory in the final settlement?
Britain
"Butcher" Weyler
C. Spanish general whose brutal tactics against Cuban rebels outraged American public opinion.
The Venezuelan boundary dispute
C. Strengthened the Monroe Doctrine and made Britain more willing to accommodate U.S. interests
South American nation that nearly came to blows with the United States in 1892 over an incident involving the deaths of American sailors
Chile
Nation whose senate in 1902 refused to ratify a treaty permitting the United States to build a canal across its territory
Columbia
Theodore Roosevelt's secret orders to Commodore Dewey
D. Led to the surprising U.S. victory over Spain at Manila Spain
Queen Liliuokalani
D. Native Hawaiian ruler overthrown in a revolution led by white planters and aided by the U.S. troops
Philippe Bunau-Varilla
E. Scheming French engineer who helped stage a revolution in Panama and then became the new country's "instant" foreign minister
The white planter revolt against Queen Liliuokalani
E. Set off the first debate about the wisdom and rightness of American overseas imperialism
Alfred Thayer Mahan
F. American naval officer who wrote influential books emphasizing sea power and advocating a big navy
Economic expansion, the yellow press, and competition with other powers
F. Turned America away from isolationism and toward international involvements in the 1890s
Alfred T. Mahan argued in his book that the control of colonies to provide raw materials and markets was the key to world history.
False. Alfred T. Mahan argued in his book that the control of the sea was the key to world history.
President McKinley tried to resist the pressure for war with Spain coming from the businesspeople and the Wall Street financiers.
False. President McKinley tried to resist the pressure for war because he was opposed to violence.
The American military conquest of Cuba was efficient, but very costly in battlefield casualties.
False. The American military conquest of Cuba was inefficient and had high disease casualties.
The American people and their government were deeply involved in the key international developments of the 1860s and 1870s.
False. The American people and their government were not involved in the key international developments of the 1860s and 1870s.
The Hearst press worked to promote a peaceful, negotiated settlement involving Cuban self-government under Spanish rule.
False. The Hearst press worked to promote overseas expansionism.
The South American boundary dispute in 1895-1896 nearly resulted in a U.S. war with Venezuela.
False. The South American boundary dispute in 1895-1896 nearly resulted in a U.S. war with Britain.
The Supreme Court decided in the insular cases that American constitutional law and the Bill of Rights applied to people under American rule in Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
False. The Supreme Court decided in the insular cases that American constitutional law and the Bill of Rights didn't apply to people under American rule in Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
The peace treaty with Spain that made the Philippines an American colony was almost universally popular with the U.S. Senate and the American public.
False. The peace treaty with Spain that made the Philippines an American colony was fairly unpopular with the U.S. Senate and the American public.
Theodore Roosevelt believed that America and its president should exercise restraint in international involvements.
False. Theodore Roosevelt believed that America and its president should not exercise restraint in international involvements.
The Cuban revolt against Spain
G. Aroused strong sympathy from most Americans
George E. Dewey
G. Naval commander whose spectacular May Day victory in 1898 opened doors to American imperialism in Asia
Diplomatic understanding of 1907-1908 that ended a Japanese American crisis over treatment of Japanese immigrants to the U.S.
Gentlemen's Agreement
McKinley's decision to keep the Philippines
H. Enhanced American national pride and made the United States an international power in the Far East
William Randolph Hearst
H. Vigorous promoter of sensationalistic anti-Spanish propaganda and eager advocate of imperialistic war
Agreement between the United States and the revolutionary government of Panama granting America the right to build a canal
Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
Diplomatic agreement of 1901 that permitted the United States to build and fortify a Central American canal alone, without British involvement.
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty
Thomas Platt
I. New York politician who successfully schemed to get TR out of New York and into the vice presidency in Washington
The Spanish-American War
I. Set off a bitter debate about imperialism in the Senate and the country
Supreme Court cases in 1901 that determined that the U.S. Constitution did not apply in all the territories under the American flag
Insular Cases
Josiah Strong
J. American clergyman who preached Anglo-Saxon superiority and called for stronger U.S. missionary effort overseas
Colombia's refusal to permit the United States to build a canal across its province of Panama
J. Led President Roosevelt to encourage a revolt for Panamanian independence
Emilio Aguinaldo
K. Filipino leader of a guerilla war against American rule from 1899 to 1901 ___ 12. Philippe Bunau-Varilla L. President
William McKinley
L. President who initially opposed war with Spain but eventually supported U.S. acquisition of the Philippines
William Jennings Bryan
M. Leading Democratic politician whose intervention narrowly tipped the Senate vote in favor of acquiring the Philippines in 1899
Site of the dramatic American naval victory that set the stage for putting a group of rich Spanish-owned islands into the hands of the United States
Manila Harbor
The principle of American foreign policy invoked by Secretary of State Olney to justify American intervention in the Venezuelan boundary dispute
Monroe Doctrine
Grover Cleveland
N. American president who refused to annex Hawaii on the grounds that the native ruler had been unjustly deposed
John Hay
O. American secretary of state who attempted to preserve Chinese independence and protect American interests in China
John Hay's clever diplomatic efforts to preserve Chinese territorial integrity and maintain American access to China.
Open Door Policy
Path-breaking meetings of all Latin American and North American nations in Washington in 1889
Pan-American Confrence
American-imposed restriction written into the constitution of Cuba that guaranteed American naval bases on the island and declared that the United States had the right to intervene in Cuba
Platt Amendment
The Caribbean island conquered from Spain in 1898 that became an American colony
Puerto Rico
Which of the two Spanish-owned Caribbean islands conquered by the United States in 1898 was farthest from Florida?
Puerto Rico
Questionable extension of a traditional American policy; declared an American right to intervene in Latin American nations under certain circumstances
Roosevelt Corollary
Colorful volunteer regiment of the Spanish-American War led by a military inexperienced but politically influential colonel
Rough Riders
War concluded by Roosevelt-mediated treaty that earned TR the Nobel Peace Prize but caused much ill will toward America from the two signatories
Russo-Japanese War
Remote Pacific site of a naval clash between the United States and Germany in 1889
Samoan Islands
Amendment to the declaration of war with Spain that stated the United States would grant Cubans their freedom.
Teller Amendment
Group that battled against American colonization of the Philippines, which included such influential citizens as Mark Twain and Andrew Carnegie
The Anti-Imperialist League
Admiral Dewey's squadron attacked Spanish forces in the Philippines because of secret orders given by Assistant Navy Secretary Theodore Roosevelt.
True
American forces were aided in capturing Manila by native Filipino insurgents who were rebelling against Spain.
True
Americans first became involved in Cuba because they sympathized with the Cubans' revolt against imperialist Spain.
True
John Hay's Open Door notes effectively rescued China from foreign intervention and partition.
True
President Cleveland refused to annex Hawaii because he believed that the white planters there had unjustly deposed Queen Liliuokalani.
True
President McKinley declared that religion played a crucial role in his decision to keep the Philippines as an American colony.
True
Roosevelt encouraged and assisted the Panamanian revolution against Colombia in 1903.
True
The Filipino insurrection against U.S. rule was larger and more costly in lives than the Spanish-American War.
True
The Japanese crisis of 1906 forced President Roosevelt to intervene in the policies of the San Francisco School Board.
True
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine stated that only the United States had the right to intervene in Latin American nations' affairs.
True
The Spanish-American War made the Americans a full-fledged power in the Far East.
True
American battleship sent on a "friendly" visit to Cuba that ended in disaster and war
U.S.S. Maine
Term for the sensationalistic and jingoistic pro-war journalism practiced by W.R. Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer
Yellow Journalism
Pro-imperialist Americans argued that the Philippines should be seized because of
a. patriotism and economic opportunities.
President Cleveland refused to annex Hawaii because
a. white planters had illegally overthrown Queen Liliuokalani against the wishes of most native Hawaiians.
Even after the Maine exploded, the United States did not immediately declare war on Cuba because
b. President McKinley was reluctant to get into a war.
Roosevelt mediated the Portsmouth Treaty to settle the war between
b. Russia and Japan
Roosevelt's mediation of the Portsmouth treaty led to growing tension between the United States and
b. Russia and Japan
The "Gentlemen's Agreement" between the United States and Japan provided that
b. The San Francisco schools would be integrated and Japan would stop the flow of Japanese immigrants to America.
President McKinley based his decision to make the Philippines an American colony on
b. a combination of religious piety and material economic interests.
Roosevelt's "Great White Fleet" served as
b. a demonstration of American naval power.
The most immediate consequence of American acquisition of the Philippines was
b. an agreement between Americans and Filipinos to move toward Philippine independence.
Alfred Thayer Mahan helped develop American interest in overseas expansion by
b. arguing that domination of the seas through naval power was the key to world domination.
Roosevelt's policy in Panama and elsewhere in Latin America led to
b. considerable resentment and hostility toward American intervention in Latin America.
Roosevelt overcame the Colombian refusal to approve a canal treaty by
b. encouraging the Panamanian rebels to revolt and declare independence from Colombia.
As soon as war was declared on Spain, Commodore George Dewey sailed to the Philippine Islands because
b. he had been given orders to do so by Assistant Navy Secretary Theodore Roosevelt
Which of the following was NOT among the colonial territories that the United States acquired in the Spanish-American War?
b. the Virgin Islands.
Emilio Aguinaldo was
b. the leader of Filipino insurgents against Spanish rule.
Theodore Roosevelt's slogan that stated his essential foreign policy principle was
c. "Speak softly and carry a big stick."
Americans first became concerned with the situation in Cuba because
c. Americans sympathized with Cuban rebels in their fight for freedom from Spanish rule.
Among prominent Americans who opposed annexation of the Philippines were
c. Mark Twain and William James.
Which of the following was not among the factors propelling America toward overseas expansion in the 1890's?
c. The need to find new African and Asian sources of raw materials for U.S. industry
Even before the sinking of the Maine, the American public's indignation at Spain had been whipped into a frenzy by
c. William Randolph Hearst sensational newspaper accounts of Spanish atrocities in Cuba.
The diplomatic crisis between the United States and Japan in 1906 was caused by
c. the San Francisco School Board's segregation of Japanese immigrant children.
The end result in of the Venezuelan-Guiana crisis with Britain was
d. British retreat and growing American-British friendship.
The Roosevelt corollary to the Monroe Doctrine declared that
d. The United States had the right to intervene in Latin American countries to maintain financial and political order.
The largest cause of American deaths in Cuba was
d. bad food, disease, and unsanitary conditions.
The Platt Amendment provided that
d. the United States had the right to intervene with and maintain military bases in Cuba.