APUSH Chapter 29

In the case of Bakke v. University of California (1978), which of the following issues was under review? a. Affirmative action b. Abortion rights c. Environmental pollution d. Corruption in Congress

a. Affirmative action

Which of the following issues did evangelicals disregard as they fought against the influences of what they believed to be an immoral society? a. Individual rights b. The nuclear family c. Strict gender roles d. Motherhood

a. Individual rights

Why did the U.S. economy suffer from inflation in the mid-1970s? a. It was brought on in part by military spending in Vietnam. b. Unemployment was at its lowest point. c. Consumer demand for goods was high. d. President Richard Nixon did not address the problem.

a. It was brought on in part by military spending in Vietnam.

Who was the presidential candidate who ran as a Washington outsider and promised to clean up government? a. Jimmy Carter b. Richard Nixon c. Gerald Ford d. Hubert Humphrey

a. Jimmy Carter

Which of the following was detrimental to expanding women's rights in the 1970s and 1980s? a. Phyllis Schlafly's STOP ERA b. The House of Representatives c. The National Women's Political Caucus d. Title IX

a. Phyllis Schlafly's STOP ERA

A nuclear reactor came close to meltdown in 1979 at a. Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania. b. Shoreham, New York. c. Seabrook, New Hampshire. d. Fernald, Ohio.

a. Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania.

Which group established the first rape crisis centers in the early 1970s? a. Women's liberationists b. Labor feminists c. Conservative women led by Phyllis Schlafly d. The Catholic Church

a. Women's liberationists

In the years from 1973 to 1975, the oil-exporting nations of OPEC a. declared an oil embargo against the United States. b. cut oil prices to encourage demand. c. failed to agree on production quotas and prices. d. kicked the United States out of OPEC.

a. declared an oil embargo against the United States.

Nearly every American city struggled to pay its bills in the 1970s because of a. the continuing process of suburbanization. b. a decline in federal funding after the end of Johnson's Great Society. c. the federal government's moratorium on municipal debt. d. skyrocketing property tax rates due to inflation.

a. the continuing process of suburbanization.

Which of the following Supreme Court cases was hailed by most conservatives? a. Roe v. Wade (1973) b. Bowers v. Hardwick (1987) c. Furman v. Georgia (1972) d. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

b. Bowers v. Hardwick (1987)

How did President Carter respond to the energy crisis of the 1970s? a. Carter called for tighter federal controls on oil and natural gas prices. b. Carter advocated for energy conservation efforts as "the moral equivalent of war." c. He imposed rationing on gasoline and heating fuel, and he placed tariffs on imported petroleum. d. He liberalized environmental laws and increased reliance on coal and nuclear power.

b. Carter advocated for energy conservation efforts as "the moral equivalent of war."

Which of the following was the cause of President Nixon's downfall? a. His decision to order the Watergate break-in b. His obstruction of justice in the Watergate matter c. Nixon's failure to please conservatives d. The media's unwillingness to portray him fairly

b. His obstruction of justice in the Watergate matter

Which of the following describes the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)? a. The law was first proposed by the National Organization for Women (NOW) in 1970. b. It was ratified by thirty-four states by the end of 1974, but its progress stalled. c. President Nixon, an ardent opponent of feminism, vetoed it in 1973. d. The issue divided moderate from radical feminists, causing the decline of the movement.

b. It was ratified by thirty-four states by the end of 1974, but its progress stalled.

The War Powers Act, the Freedom of Information Act, the Fair Campaign Practices Act, and the Federal Intelligence Surveillance Act were passed as a result of a. the Vietnam War. b. Nixon's imperial presidency. c. the CIA's increasing influence on national politics. d. the Watergate scandal.

b. Nixon's imperial presidency.

In the 1970s, the phenomenon of deindustrialization in the United States was most visible in the a. intermountain western states. b. Northeast and the Midwest. c. Southeast. d. Southwest.

b. Northeast and the Midwest.

Which of the following developments accounted for the dramatic increase in the number of women working outside the home in the 1970s? a. Feminism b. Stagflation c. The birth control pill d. Advertising that fueled consumption

b. Stagflation

Which of the following made a critical contribution to the emergence of the sexual revolution of the 1960s? a. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 b. The birth control pill c. The expansion of higher education d. The Vietnam War

b. The birth control pill

Which of these developments spurred the birth of the modern environmentalist movement? a. Theodore Roosevelt's presidency b. The publication of Silent Spring in 1962 c. The first celebration of Earth Day in 1970 d. Public outcry against illegal waste dumps in Toledo, Ohio

b. The publication of Silent Spring in 1962

What happened to the typical American worker's real wages between 1973 and the early 1990s? a. Real wages increased by 5 percent. b. Wages declined by 10 percent. c. Wages declined by 25 percent. d. Wages stayed the same.

b. Wages declined by 10 percent.

In the case of Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), the Supreme Court struck down an 1879 state law prohibiting the purchase and use of a. firearms. b. contraception. c. alcohol. d. pornography.

b. contraception.

Economic competition from West Germany and Japan led to a. stagflation. b. deindustrialization. c. the demise of the Bretton Woods system. d. the energy crisis.

b. deindustrialization.

Vice President Spiro Agnew was forced out of office in 1973 because a. his central involvement in the Watergate cover-up was exposed. b. he was indicted for accepting kickbacks while governor of Maryland. c. he was arrested on a morals charge in Baltimore. d. Democrats and Republicans recognized his unsuitability for the presidency.

b. he was indicted for accepting kickbacks while governor of Maryland.

The post-Watergate political reforms passed by Congress a. encouraged bipartisanship. b. made government more transparent. c. made government more efficient. d. decreased the power of special interests.

b. made government more transparent.

Nuclear reactors account for what percentage of all U.S. power generation today? a. 1 percent b. 5 percent c. 20 percent d. 50 percent

c. 20 percent

Christian activists in the late 1970s and early 1980s made which of the following issues a high priority? a. Providing comprehensive sex education in public schools b. Careful attention to maintaining the separation of church and state c. Combatting the proliferation of pornography in American society d. Providing social supports for women who needed to work outside the home

c. Combatting the proliferation of pornography in American society

Which of the following factors accounted for the demographic growth of the Sunbelt in the 1970s and 1980s? a. Global warming b. Northeastern elitism c. Deindustrialization d. The West's conservatism

c. Deindustrialization

Who was the famous, openly gay supervisor from San Francisco who was assassinated after helping win passage of a gay rights ordinance? a. George Moscone b. Johnny Paycheck c. Harvey Milk d. Anita Bryant

c. Harvey Milk

Why did President Ford pardon Nixon a month after Ford took office in 1973? a. Nixon had been punished enough by having to resign the presidency. b. Putting Nixon on trial would reveal information damaging to national security. c. He wished to spare the country the agony of rehashing Watergate. d. Nixon was depressed and suicidal.

c. He wished to spare the country the agony of rehashing Watergate.

Before his appointment to the vice presidency, Gerald Ford--who became president on Richard Nixon's resignation and was the nation's first non-elected vice president--had been a. governor of Michigan. b. Secretary of Defense. c. House minority leader. d. a Supreme Court justice.

c. House minority leader.

In the summer of 1975, which city was loaned money by the federal government and granted a three-year moratorium on municipal debt in order to stave off bankruptcy? a. Los Angeles b. Chicago c. New York City d. Detroit

c. New York City

Which of the following was the largest Protestant denomination, which grew 23 percent between 1970 and 1985? a. Assemblies of God b. Methodist c. Southern Baptist d. Pentecostal

c. Southern Baptist

Which of the following U.S. industries was most badly hurt by deindustrialization in the 1970s? a. Automobile b. Textile c. Steel d. Furniture

c. Steel

How did the Supreme Court led by Warren Burger compare to that led by Earl Warren? a. The Warren Court gave more importance to property rights than to civil rights. b. Burger's strict constructionism reversed the Warren Court's agenda. c. The Burger Court refused to scale back the Warren Court's liberal precedents. d. The Warren Court was more conservative than the Burger Court.

c. The Burger Court refused to scale back the Warren Court's liberal precedents.

Which of the following statements characterizes the energy needs and resources that the United States faced in the late 1960s and early 1970s? a. The United States continued to produce enough petroleum to meet all its needs, but the price was rising sharply. b. The United States was rapidly substituting nuclear and hydroelectric power for most of its energy needs except gasoline. c. The United States, once the world's leading producer of oil, had become heavily dependent on imported oil. d. American output of petroleum had declined dramatically, forcing the United States to buy almost all of its oil from Africa.

c. The United States, once the world's leading producer of oil, had become heavily dependent on imported oil.

Why did the federal deficit grow dramatically in the late 1960s? a. Presidents Johnson and Nixon had introduced tax cuts for American workers. b. Rising interest rates on the national debt became increasingly burdensome. c. The government had spent huge sums on the Great Society programs and the Vietnam War. d. The drop in foreign imports caused a loss in tariff revenues.

c. The government had spent huge sums on the Great Society programs and the Vietnam War.

What accounted for the dramatic decline of the American labor movement in the 1970s and 1980s? a. The decreasing popularity of radical movements b. Renewed domestic anticommunism c. The process of deindustrialization d. The economic prosperity of the period

c. The process of deindustrialization

In 1978, California voters began a national trend by enacting a ballot initiative called Proposition 13 that a. denied homosexual men and women legally protected status in state employment, public accommodation, and housing. b. outlawed affirmative action practices in employment, education, and the awarding of state contracts. c. rolled back property taxes and required future tax measures to pass the legislature with a two-thirds vote. d. banned existing programs of county-to-county busing to integrate urban and suburban public schools.

c. rolled back property taxes and required future tax measures to pass the legislature with a two-thirds vote.

Rachel Carson is associated with a. the advocacy of consumer safety issues. b. feminist activism for an equal rights amendment. c. the rebirth of environmental activism. d. ending the proliferation of nuclear energy plants.

c. the rebirth of environmental activism.

The Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade was based on a. misuse of federal funds. b. reverse discrimination. c. the right to privacy. d. separation of church and state.

c. the right to privacy.

California's Proposition 13 harmed a. gay men and lesbians. b. wealthy home owners. c. working-class families. d. political liberals.

c. working-class families.

How did the United States respond to the OPEC oil embargo in the early 1970s? a. Americans started to buy small, fuel-efficient automobiles manufactured in Detroit. b. Congress cut off funding for the construction of the remainder of the interstate highway system. c. American automobile manufacturers began producing expensive, all-electric cars. d. Congress passed a law limiting highway speeds to 55 miles per hour.

d. Congress passed a law limiting highway speeds to 55 miles per hour.

Which of the following statements describes the feminist movement in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s? a. It consisted of a relatively small number of women whose activism had a large presence but little effect. b. The women's movement declined as soon as feminist activists gained access to highly paid corporate jobs. c. The feminist movement had a significant impact only on the lives of white middle-class heterosexual women. d. Feminist activism addressed many issues, took a variety of forms, and affected millions of women.

d. Feminist activism addressed many issues, took a variety of forms, and affected millions of women.

The resurgence of Christian faith in the United States during the 1970s and 1980s has been labeled by historians as the a. Christian Renaissance. b. Second Great Awakening. c. Evangelical Revolution. d. Fourth Great Awakening.

d. Fourth Great Awakening.

Who masterminded the 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Headquarters in the Watergate complex? a. Vice President Gerald Ford b. Two reporters at the Washington Post c. President Nixon and Secretary of State William P. Rogers d. Members of the Committee to Re-elect the President

d. Members of the Committee to Re-elect the President

Which of the following statements characterizes affirmative action? a. It was first advanced under the Nixon administration in the early 1970s. b. It encompassed only racial minorities and excluded women. c. U.S. courts banned affirmative action in hiring and enrollment in the 1970s. d. Opponents, many of whom had opposed civil rights, charged that it was reverse discrimination.

d. Opponents, many of whom had opposed civil rights, charged that it was reverse discrimination.

Which of the following was the most polarizing Supreme Court decision of the 1970s? a. Miller v. California b. Gregg v. Georgia c. Bakke v. University of California d. Roe v. Wade

d. Roe v. Wade

Which of the following statements describes the Nixon administration's domestic policies? a. Nixon vetoed nearly all of the environmental laws passed by Congress during his time in office. b. Nixon was blocked by Congress from impounding billions of dollars appropriated for social and environmental programs. c. Nixon successfully vetoed a bill to reform the social welfare system by eliminating Aid to Dependent Children. d. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was signed into law by Nixon and had broad bipartisan support.

d. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was signed into law by Nixon and had broad bipartisan support.

In an attempt to combat stagflation, President Carter a. created an industrial policy to bail out manufacturing companies. b. took the United States off the gold standard. c. issued temporary price and wage controls. d. deregulated the transportation industries.

d. deregulated the transportation industries.

The National Environmental Policy Act (1970) required developers to a. pay higher taxes for projects that would be harmful to the environment. b. plan projects in coordination with the Environmental Protection Agency. c. pay a penalty if projects turned out to be environmentally detrimental. d. file environmental impact statements on the effect of projects on ecosystems.

d. file environmental impact statements on the effect of projects on ecosystems.

Evangelical Protestantism failed to embrace a. an intimate, personal salvation. b. Christ as the central message of the Bible. c. the Bible as literal scripture. d. the "Social Gospel."

d. the "Social Gospel."