APUSH CHAPTER 9&10

How did President Andrew Jackson change the federal system of office holding?

Jackson introduced the principle of rotation in office to discourage longtenure.

Which of the following statements describes workers' approach to alcohol consumption in the 1820s?

Many workers used alcohol as an escape from the routine of work but also drank in their workplaces.

How did middle-class reformers attempt to overcome disorder and lawlessness among urban wage earners in early nineteenth-century America?

By establishing missions to bring their messages of moral purity and self-discipline to the poor.

Which of these did elite Americans embrace after the Industrial Revolution in order to set themselves apart from other groups of Americans?

Conspicuous displays of their wealth through clothing and housing.

In 1834, the Working Men's Party persuaded the Pennsylvania legislature to do which of the following?

Create a free, tax-supported public school system.

Which of the following describes German immigrants who settled in the United States during the 1840s and 1850s?

Germans were the second largest immigrant group and many settled in the midwestern states.

Which of the following characterizes patterns of immigration into the United States during the 1840s and 1850s?

Most of the Irish who arrived in the United States were poverty-stricken peasants.

Roman Catholic immigration into the United States in the 1840s had which of the following effects?

Protestants' rejection of their new Catholic coworkers undercut trade unionism.

Which of the following replaced canals as the primary form of transportation in the United States in the nineteenth century?

Railroads.

Most of the new state constitutions written between 1830 and 1860 did which of the following?

Reapportioned state legislatures on the basis of population

Politicians from modest backgrounds tended to support which of the following reforms in the 1810s?

Restrictions on imprisonment for debt.

On which issue was the Whig philosophy of the 1830s critically different from that of the Federalists in the 1790s?

Rule by an elite based on talent.

Which of the following statements characterizes the presidential campaign of 1840?

The Democrats outdid the Whigs by presenting Martin Van Buren as the true man of the people, in the tradition of Andrew Jackson.

What aspect of early nineteenth-century American government had the founders condemned as contrary to republican ideals?

The Supreme Court's judicial review.

Which of the following describes the ruling by the Roger B. Taney Supreme Court in Mayor of New York v. Miln?

The Taney Court ruled that New York State could inspect the health of arriving immigrants.

Which of the following factors explained the rapid growth of western cities such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and New Orleans?

Their role in transportation networks.

In the aftermath of the nullification crisis, President Jackson responded to southern concerns about the tariff by. . .

persuading Congress to pass a new tariff that gradually reduced duties.

John C. Calhoun challenged the northern Whig economic ideology by arguing. . .

that northern factory owners and southern slave owners had nothing in common.

Who replaced the Lowell Mill workers when they refused in the 1830s to work until conditions improved?

Irish immigrants.

Which of the following describes the new industrial system that developed in early nineteenth-century America?

It brought workers together under one roof in a factory.

Why did Congress approve funds for the construction of the National Road in 1806?

To link midwestern settlers to the seaboard states.

Which of the following was the primary function of the Second Bank of the United States?

To stabilize the nation's money supply by forcing state banks to convert their paper money periodically into gold and silver coin.

In which of the following ways was Chief Justice Roger Taney different from his predecessor, John Marshall?

Unlike Marshall, Taney had a nationalistic interpretation of the commerce clause.

Which of the following was an outcome of the American Industrial Revolution in the early nineteenth century?

American businesses soon dominated in many European markets.

Sequoyah developed which of the following to assimilate members of the Cherokee tribe into American life?

A perfected system of writing for the Cherokee language.

In the first half of the nineteenth century, American manufacturers' main advantage over the British mills was that they had access to which of the following?

A ready supply of cheap labor.

How did the spread of industrialization in the United States during the 1820s and 1830s affect skilled artisans?

As machines changed the nature of their work, shoemakers, hatters, printers, furniture makers, and weavers faced declining income, job insecurity, and loss of status.

To which of the following causes did Isabella Graham and Joanna Bethune contribute in the early nineteenth century?

Assisting widows and orphans.

Between 1820 and 1840, the economic conditions for casual day laborers in American cities changed in which of the following ways?

Casual day laborers bore the brunt of unemployment during business depressions.

What killed thousands of poor immigrants in St. Louis and New York City in the summer of 1849?

Cholera

Which of the following was an outcome of the rural outwork system of manufacturing in the 1820s and 1830s?

Employers lost control over their workplaces.

In what way was the United States more democratic than anywhere else in the world during the first half of the nineteenth century?

Franchise qualifications.

How did Thomas Jefferson respond to the development of American manufacturing by the1820s?

He praised industrialization and expressed pride in American progress in manufacturing.

Why did Andrew Jackson veto the bill to recharter the Second Bank of the United States in 1832?

He thought it interfered with the rights of states and the liberties of the people.

Nativist fears were directed mostly at which of the following groups in early and mid-nineteenth-century America?

Irish Immigrants

The construction of the Erie Canal, the first great engineering project in American history, was successful for which of the following reasons?

It increased the speed of shipping and travel while greatly lowering its cost.

Which of the following statements describes Jackson's veto of the bill rechartering the Second Bank of the United States in 1832?

It was a popular move, blending constitutional arguments, an appeal to patriotism, and class rhetoric.

Which of the following statements describes the American Waltham plan, which was later known as the Lowell system?

Its creators recruited farm girls and women to work in factories.

Which of the following statements characterizes Andrew Jackson's intentions toward Native Americans during his presidency?

Jackson meant to remove all Native Americans east of the Mississippi, even those who had adapted to white society.

Correctly match the candidate in the 1824 presidential election with his description.

Jackson—popular War of 1812 hero.

Which inventor is properly matched with the item he invented?

John Deere—the steel plow

Which of the following statements describes events surrounding the election of 1824?

John Quincy Adams became president even though Andrew Jackson had more popular votes.

The most critical contribution American mechanics made to the Industrial Revolution was the development of which of the following?

Machine tools.

Which of the following statements characterizes the American political system directly after the American Revolution?

Notables managed local elections through their personal connections.

The 1832 Ordinance of Nullification was based on which of the following beliefs?

States had the right to determine which congressional laws they wouldenforce.

Through which of the following sources did the U.S. Treasury raise most of its revenue during the first half of the 1800s?

Tariffs on imported goods.

What did the Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution specify should be done in an election like the election of 1824, in which no presidential candidate received a majority of the electoral votes?

The House of Representatives decides the outcome.

Which of the following Puritan ideas became a middle-class conviction with a secular twist during industrialization in the early 1800s?

The Protestant work ethic.

How did the appearance of canals and steamboats in the United States affect the flow of goods and information during the 1830s?

The canals and steamboats cut in half most travel and communication time.

Charles Grandison Finney found success as a young revivalist preacher in the 1820s by emphasizing which of the following issues in his sermons?

The importance of personal conversion.

Which of the following was one of the ways that wageworkers strove to resist their bosses' efforts to control their nonwork lives in the early to mid-nineteenth century?

They built a robust workers' culture that preserved their autonomy outside work.

What did bankers, land speculators, and entrepreneurs in the 1820s to the 1840s have incommon?

They demanded government assistance for their business enterprises.

Which of these describes the experiences of the young women who worked in the New England textile mills in the 1820s and 1830s?

They were able to save their wages for later use or to help out their families.

In the election of 1840, Whigs boosted their electoral hopes by appealing to which of the following groups?

Women.

In the U.S. Supreme Court case of Worcester v. Georgia (1832), John Marshall and the Court majority issued a decision that. . .

declared the 1830 Indian Removal Act unconstitutional.