APUSH Midterm MCQ

William Lloyd Garrison established a newspaper that advocated which of the following issues? A. Abolition of slavery B. Restrictions on immigration C. Ratification of the Constitution D. The benefits of Manifest Destiny E. Development of railroads

A. Abolition of slavery

The American Temperance Society used which of the following evidence to explain why it believed the temperance movement would be successful? A. Its supporters held the moral and religious high ground. B. Its supporters were willing to use violence to get people to stop drinking alcohol. C. Its supporters were more likely to vote in upcoming elections. D. Its supporters used new transportation routes to spread their message.

A. Its supporters held the moral and religious high ground.

The emphasis on personal salvation, which Hutchinson articulated in the 1630s, was most strongly echoed in which later movement? A. Second Great Awakening in the 1830s B. Social Gospel in the 1890s C. Anticommunism in the 1950s D. New conservatism in the 1980s

A. Second Great Awakening in the 1830s

Which of the following historical developments contributed most directly to the market revolution? A. The emergence of new forms of transportation B. The increased number of women in the paid workforce C. The emergence of southern opposition to tariffs D. The decline of slavery in the Northeast

A. The emergence of new forms of transportation

In the decades following the Civil War, the woman's rights movement that began at Seneca Falls focused its energies most strongly on A. achieving the right to vote B. receiving equal pay for equal work C. ending domestic violence D. gaining equal access to higher education

A. achieving the right to vote

Andrew Jackson vetoed the recharter of the Bank of the United States partly because he believed that the bank A. concentrated too much power in the hands of a few people B. gave too many loans to assist unstable state and local banks C. was secretly funding the abolitionist movement D. was overly subsidized by state tax monies E. planned to create new paper money unsupported by gold or silver

A. concentrated too much power in the hands of a few people

In addition to the cotton gin, Eli Whitney's major contribution to American Technology was his A. introduction of interchangeable parts B. development of the first practical locomotive C. invention of the mechanical reaper D. installation of the first textile mill E. development of steam power

A. introduction of interchangeable parts

During the first half of the nineteenth century, the central and western areas of New York were known as the "burned-over district" because A. of intense religious zeal created during the Second Great Awakening B. terrible fires had followed the clear-cut logging by pioneers in that part of the state C. the area had not recovered from the devastation of the War of 1812 D. American Indian settlements had been completely destroyed as settlers moved in and took over the land E. the region's economy had never revived after the hardships that followed the Whiskey Rebellion

A. of intense religious zeal created during the Second Great Awakening

Under Chief Justice John Marshall, Supreme Court decisions tended to A. promote business enterprise B. restrict federal powers of taxation C. restrict corporate development D. expand state control of economic activity E. reduce federal control of the economy

A. promote business enterprise

Throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, women reformers were most active in the cause of A. temperance B. woman suffrage C. pacifism D. immigrants' rights E. workers' rights

A. temperance

Most of the Irish immigrants who came to the United States following the potato famine of the 1840s settled in A. urban areas of the North B. seacoast cities of the South C. rural sections of the Old Northwest D. California E. Appalachia

A. urban areas of the North

In the early 1830's, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were A. young unmarried women from rural New England B. newly arrived immigrants form Ireland C. men who were heads of households D. married women whose children were of school age E. free African Americans form urban areas

A. young unmarried women from rural New England

Which of the following historical events had a significant impact on the geographical region (map of US with Louisiana Purchase)? a. War of 1812 b. Missouri Compromise c. The Nullification Crisis of 1832 d. The Mexican-American War

b. Missouri Compromise

Which of the following best explains the most important effect the Monroe Doctrine had on the United States? a. The US decreased funds to their peace time military b. The United States protected countries in the Western Hemisphere from further European intervention c. The United States acquired Texas along with territory in present-day California d. The United States strengthened an alliance with Britain

b. The United States protected countries in the Western Hemisphere from further European intervention

Which answer best describes what happened because of the Embargo Acts? a. Congress repealed the Embargo Act and trade with Britain and France increased to all-time highs during the Napoleonic Wars b. Merchants and farmers disobeyed the Embargo Act and continued to trade with Britain and France c. American industry suffered as Britain started substituting South American goods for American goods d. France and Britain declared war on the US and began capturing US merchant ships

c. American industry suffered as Britain started substituting South American goods for American goods

Which of the following was a significant cause of the rise of # of immigrants in the period of 1820-1848? a. Start of the Russian Civil War, replacing the Russian monarchy with a Communist government b. Series of three major earthquakes in Japan, devastating the countryside and plunging the country into an economic depression c. Crop losses, lack of economic growth opportunities, and political conflicts in Ireland and Germany d. Passage of lax immigration laws that allowed immigrants to relocate to the United States as long as they settled in the West

c. Crop losses, lack of economic growth opportunities, and political conflicts in Ireland and Germany

Which of the following statements best summarizes Calhoun's argument about the difference between wage labor and enslaved labor? a. Enslaved people in the South were healthier than the wage workers in the North and in Europe b. Enslaved people in the South were more devout and literate than the wage workers in the North and in Europe c. Enslaved people in the South were more cared for than the wage workers in the North and in Europe d. Enslaved people in the South had more freedoms than the wage workers in the North and in Europe

c. Enslaved people in the South were more cared for than the wage workers in the North and in Europe

Which of the following were ways in which Northern Black activists participated in the abolition movement? a. staging slave rebellions in the South b. teaching enslaved people how to read and write c. publishing articles and books arguing for the end of slavery d. organizing marches on the White House

c. publishing articles and books arguing for the end of slavery

The Declaration of Sentiments (1848), issued at Seneca Falls, New York, called for A. an end to slavery B. compulsory public education C. temperance legislation D. increased rights for women E. improved factory working conditions

D. increased rights for women

Members of the Hudson River School were best known for their paintings of A. portraits B. battle scenes C. sporting scenes D. landscapes E. still lifes

D. landscapes

The westward migration by the Mormons in the 1830s and 1840s was most likely motivated by the A. interest in establishing law and order in the newly acquired territories B. desire to religiously convert American Indians C. declining threat of hardship on the overland trails D. need to take refuge from persecution

D. need to take refuge from persecution

Which of the following political changes most likely influenced the Second Great Awakening? A. The president called for the removal of American Indians from the southeastern states. B. Southern politicians threatened to nullify the authority of the federal government. C. A participatory democracy expanded belief in the importance of the individual. D. A series of judicial rulings supported the development of infrastructure projects.

C. A participatory democracy expanded belief in the importance of the individual.

Which other "righteous cause" would participants in the Seneca Falls Convention have been most likely to support? A. Expansionism B. Nativism C. Abolitionism D. Conservationism

C. Abolitionism

Which of the following evidence did the American Temperance Society use to support its argument about the need for the temperance movement? A. Federal government excise taxes on alcoholic beverages were too high. B. Restrictions on alcohol could discourage European immigrants. C. Alcohol consumption damaged people's physical and emotional well-being. D. Men wasted too much money buying alcohol, and their families became poor.

C. Alcohol consumption damaged people's physical and emotional well-being.

The Embargo Act of 1807 had which of the following effects on the United States? A. It severely damaged American manufacturing. B. It enriched many cotton plantation owners. C. It disrupted American shipping. D. It was ruinous to subsistence farmers. E. It had little economic impact.

C. It disrupted American shipping.

Which of the following most likely contributed to the emergence of the Second Great Awakening? A. The rise of the Whig Party B. The election of President Andrew Jackson C. The cultural responses to the Enlightenment D. The emergence of a women's rights movement

C. The cultural responses to the Enlightenment

A key purpose of Henry Clay's American System was to A. expand slavery into new territories to preserve its economic viability B. improve diplomatic relations with European nations by allowing free immigration C. develop a national economy by improving transportation D. create more interest in politics by eliminating voting restrictions E. remove American Indians to lands west of the Mississippi River to prevent further conflicts

C. develop a national economy by improving transportation

An important consequence of the "tariff of abominations" (1828) is that it led to the A. taxation of consumer items B. reelection of Andrew Jackson C. enunciation of the doctrine of nullification D. alliance of Southern planters and Western farmers E. expansion of the New England textile industry

C. enunciation of the doctrine of nullification

Jacksonian Democracy was distinguished by the belief that A. an aristocracy posed no danger to the Republic B. the National Republicans alone knew what was right for the people C. political participation by the common man should be increased D. political rights should be granted to women E. franchise restrictions should be radically neutral

C. political participation by the common man should be increased

Henry Clay's "American System" called for all of the following EXCEPT A. a tariff for the protection of industry B. internal improvements at national government expense C. sale of federal lands to finance higher education D. greater reliance on domestic financial resources E. increased trade among the sections of the nation

C. sale of federal lands to finance higher education

The development of the Second Great Awakening can best be linked to which of the following historical situations? A. The market revolution led to a larger number of Americans working for wages. B. Increased geographical mobility aided travel to new regions and the sharing of ideas. C. Ideals of Romanticism caused more people to question the principles of the nation's founders. D. The growing abolitionist movement was predominately influenced by northern Protestant Christians.

B. Increased geographical mobility aided travel to new regions and the sharing of ideas.

Which of the following was a core belief of the transcendentalists of the early nineteenth century? A. Only highly centralized and conformist religious institutions can guarantee an orderly society. B. Individual conduct should be guided by truths found in the individual conscience. C. Unjust laws must be obeyed until they can be changed through legislative action. D. Human societies are inherently corrupt, and those seeking purity should practice good works. E. American Indian practices of meditation are the key to attaining valuable spiritual insights.

B. Individual conduct should be guided by truths found in the individual conscience.

The Jefferson administration advocated which of the following changes as a means of restoring republican ideals? A. Abolishing the Bank of the United States B. Reducing the scope of activities of the federal government C. Discontinuing the funding of state debts D. Increasing the size of the United States military E. Adopting the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions at the national level

B. Reducing the scope of activities of the federal government

President Andrew Jackson's creation of a monetary system based on state-chartered banks most likely contributed to which of the following? A. A rise in manufacturing B. The Panic of 1837 C. Expanded transportation networks D. Labor strikes E. The imposition of a high tariff

B. The Panic of 1837

Which of the following contributed most directly to the population movement described in the excerpt? A. The discovery of gold B. The overcultivation of the soil C. The growth of industrial manufacturing D. The decline of the trans-Atlantic trade

B. The overcultivation of the soil

Which of the following statements best characterizes the activists who attended the Seneca Falls Convention? A. They advocated better working conditions for children. B. They called for expanded women's rights. C. They supported Theodore Roosevelt for president. D. They advocated the conservation of natural resources. E. They endorsed assimilation of American Indians into White society.

B. They called for expanded women's rights.

"Build, therefore, your own world. As fast as you conform your life to the pure idea in your mind, that will unfold its great proportions. A correspondent revolution in things will attend the influx of the spirit." The 1836 passage above exemplifies which of the following intellectual trends? A. Evangelicalism B. Transcendentalism C. Abolitionism D. Mormon theology E. Pragmatist philosophy

B. Transcendentalism

President Jackson resisted the admission of Texas into the Union in 1836 primarily because he A. acknowledged the legitimacy of the Mexican government's claim to Texas B. feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery C. was ideologically opposed to territorial expansion D. could find no support within his own party for admitting Texas E. believed that admitting Texas would violate international law

B. feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery

One major change in United States politics from the 1820s to the mid-1850s was the A. adoption of an antislavery platform by the Whig Party B. rise of political parties defined largely by regional interests C. collapse of the Democratic Party in the South D. decline of competition between parties

B. rise of political parties defined largely by regional interests

Which of the following factors best explains the increase in White male suffrage in the early nineteenth century? A. Reaction to widespread political protest B. Resistance to increased federal taxation C. Amendments to the United States Constitution D. Changes to property ownership requirements

D. Changes to property ownership requirements

The economic growth of the South relied primarily on the export of goods to which of the following? A.East Asia B. The Midwest C. The West D. Europe

D. Europe

Which of the following is one important continuity in urban life in the United States throughout the nineteenth century? A. Anarchism and similar radical ideologies attracted many workers. B. Settlement houses assisted immigrants with adapting to life in the United States. C. Workers and employers consistently maintained amicable relationships. D. Immigrants formed an important part of the manufacturing workforce.

D. Immigrants formed an important part of the manufacturing workforce.

which of the following groups would have been most likely to oppose Henry Clay's ideas? A. Abolitionists B. Antebellum reformers C. Members of the Whig Party D. Members of the Democratic Party

D. Members of the Democratic Party

"I conceive there lies a clear rule... that the elder women should instruct the younger and then I must have a time wherein I must do it. "If any come to my house to be instructed in the ways of God what rule have I to put them away?" "The power of the Holy Spirit dwelleth perfectly in every believer, and the inward revelations of her own spirit, and the conscious judgment of her own mind are of authority paramount to any word of God." - Anne Hutchinson, 1630s The ideas expressed in the excerpts have the most in common with which of the following? A. The Civil Rights movement of the 1960s, when African American women asserted their right to vote in federal elections B. The flapper culture of the 1920s, when women challenged gender roles through dress C. The women's liberation movement of the 1970s, when women sought to achieve gender equality in the workplace D. The antislavery movement of the 1840s, when women asserted their right to speak on behalf of the cause

D. The antislavery movement of the 1840s, when women asserted their right to speak on behalf of the cause

Which of the following best explains a change in migration in United States society during the early 1800s? A. The claims to land by American Indian groups prevented the migration of White settlers westward. B. The system of indentured servitude allowed Europeans living in poverty to immigrate to North America. C. The increased importance of Southern cotton coincided with substantial immigration from abroad to the region. D. The rise in manufacturing in the North coincided with an increase of immigration from abroad to these urban areas.

D. The rise in manufacturing in the North coincided with an increase of immigration from abroad to these urban areas.

Which of the following broader ideas did Jefferson most directly seek to advance through his administration's policies? A. The plan for the United States to develop industry comparable to Britain's B. The hope for the United States to acquire overseas territories C. The objective of expanding slavery in the United States D. The vision of the United States as an agricultural republic

D. The vision of the United States as an agricultural republic

In the 1850's, the South differed from the North in that the South had A. a better-developed transportation system B. a better-educated White population C. less interest in evangelical religion D. fewer European immigrants E. more cities

D. fewer European immigrants

Lowell System

Dormitories/mill towns for young women where they were cared for, fed, and sheltered in return for cheap labor

Which of the following was NOT a result of the growth of a national market economy between 1815 and 1860 ? A. Increasing economic specialization B. The application of machinery to the mass production of goods C. A greater disparity of wealth between rich and poor Americans D. The beginnings of an organized labor movement E. A greater number of men working at home

E. A greater number of men working at home

The main goal of the American Colonization Society was to promote colonization in A. the American West by eastern American Indians B. Mexico by White Americans C. Cuba by White Americans D. the Mexican Cession by White Americans E. Africa by free Black persons and former slaves

E. Africa by free Black persons and former slaves

The Second Great Awakening did which of the following? A. It resulted in a sharp decline in church membership. B. It increased Protestant toleration for Catholics and Jews. C. It produced increased respect for civil authority. D. It emphasized reason and logic over emotionalism in religious matters E. It encouraged conversion to evangelical Christianity.

E. It encouraged conversion to evangelical Christianity.

"Let Southern oppressors tremble .... I shall strenuously contend for immediate enfranchisement .... I will be as harsh as truth and as uncompromising as justice." The author of the statement above was A. John C. Calhoun B. Stephen A. Douglas C. Henry Clay D. Abraham Lincoln E. William L. Garrison

E. William L. Garrison

The call for the "immediate and uncompensated emancipation of the slaves" is associated with the position of A. the Free Soil party B. the evangelical churches in both the North and the South C. Abraham Lincoln in his debate with Stephen A. Douglas at Freeport, Illinois D. John Quincy Adams in his demands for repeal of the "gag rule" E. William Lloyd Garrison in The Liberator

E. William Lloyd Garrison in The Liberator

The most unpopular and least successful of President Thomas Jefferson's policies was his A. advocacy of territorial expansion B. handling of Barbary Coast pirates C. reduction of the size of the military D. reduction of the national debt E. adherence to neutrality in dealing with England and France

E. adherence to neutrality in dealing with England and France

The women's movement in the antebellum period was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT A. close links with the antislavery and temperance movements B. conventions in the Northeast and the Midwest, but not the South C. involvement of middle-class women D. a broad-based platform of legal and educational rights E. demands for equal compensation for equal work

E. demands for equal compensation for equal work

The dramatic increase in the South's slave labor force between 1810 and 1860 was due to A. an increase in the African slave trade B. the importation of slaves from the West Indies C. an increase in the severity of fugitive slave laws D. the acquisition of Louisiana E. the natural population increase of American-born slaves

E. the natural population increase of American-born slaves

The American Colonization Society was established in the early nineteenth century with the goal of A. encouraging immigration from Ireland and Germany B. encouraging Chinese contract laborers to emigrate to the United States C. settling White Americans on western lands D. settling American Indians on reservations E. transporting African Americans to Africa

E. transporting African Americans to Africa

Which of the following was a direct effect of the trend in funding for internal improvements after 1840 shown on the graph (North has most money, then West, then South; but all increased over time) a. The North and West became more connected. b. The South outpaced the Northeast in factory production of goods. c. The Northeast transitioned to an agricultural economy. d. The Northeast transitioned to an agricultural economy.

a. The North and West became more connected.

What was an effect of the National Road? a. The North and West developed a strong relationship because they were linked through transportation networks b. The South sought to industrialize to keep up with the North and West as they continued to modernize c. The federal government offered citizenship to immigrants who were willing to industrialize the west d. The federal government began limiting westward expansion to reduce conflicts with Indigenous nations

a. The North and West developed a strong relationship because they were linked through transportation networks

The rise in manufacturing beginning in the early 1800s eventually resulted in which of the following by 1848? a. The emergence of a larger middle class in the North b.A decline in economic inequality in urban areas c. An increased demand for agricultural workers in the Midwest d. The improvement of working conditions in factories

a. The emergence of a larger middle class in the North

Which of the following best explains the most significant impact of the Market Revolution? a. The growth of an impoverished class of factory workers b. The rise in labor union membership to fight for higher wages c. The increase in support for the Women's Rights Movement d. The elimination of a middle class that developed after the American Revolution

a. The growth of an impoverished class of factory workers

Which of the following best describes one similarity shared between the First Great Awakening and the Second Great Awakening? a. a push for individual responsibility b. a denouncement of a democratic government c. a decline in female membership in the church d. a rise in membership in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints

a. a push for individual responsibility

The McCulloch case emerged most directly from the context of which of the following? a. debates about the division of powers between the federal and state governments b. disagreements over the role of the federal government in solving social problems c. tensions between the sovereign indigenous nations and the federal government d. critiques about the federal government's power to enact taxes on individuals

a. debates about the division of powers between the federal and state governments

The graph (shows low percentage of women workers being paid) most strongly supports which of the following arguments? a. Public schools created in the 1830s and 1840s included classes that gave women skills to join factories b. Factories increased the number of women they hired because they were cheaper to house c. Gender roles changed after the Market Revolution as married women believed it was part of their duty to make money to support their families d. Impoverished women were seen as both viable and inexpensive to hire for factory production

d. Impoverished women were seen as both viable and inexpensive to hire for factory production

Which of the following best explains the most important effect that the extension of suffrage to all white men had on the United States? a. Fewer people voted in midterm elections than presidential elections. b. There was more corruption at all levels of government. c. Fewer people who owned property ran for political office. d. More people voted in all levels of elections.

d. More people voted in all levels of elections.

Which of the following was a major difference in economic development between the North and the South in the 1830s? a. The North depended on slave labor, while the South depended on free labor b. The North used cash-crop farming, while the South practiced subsistence farming practices c. The North relied on foreign trade, while the South relied on domestic trade d. The North had a mixed economy, while the South had an agricultural economy

d. The North had a mixed economy, while the South had an agricultural economy

Which of the following most likely contributed to futility of the abolition movement in the South? a. The lack of anti-slavery organizations in the Early Republic b. The westward migration of Southerners after the Louisiana Purchase c. The emergence of strict laws restricting the behavior of enslaved people d. The increased reliance on enslaved labor to meet agricultural production goals

d. The increased reliance on enslaved labor to meet agricultural production goals

Which of the following most directly contributed to the creation of the Cumberland Road? a. new innovations in the production of steel like the Bessemer process b. new efforts by the Spanish to claim ownership of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers c. new agricultural inventions like the Cotton Gin and the Reaper d. new federal funding that supported the development of infrastructure projects

d. new federal funding that supported the development of infrastructure projects

The conflict between the Whigs' and the Democrats' views on government power during the 1820s, as described in the excerpt, is best reflected by which of the following? a. The shift towards a more religious society during the second Great Awakening b. The existence of utopian societies and the spread of transcendentalism c. The expansion of the women's rights movement as a result of the ideas of the Republican Motherhood d. the debates over the use of a tariff to help increase the sale of manufactured goods

d. the debates over the use of a tariff to help increase the sale of manufactured goods

The major trend depicted in the graph (women's employment showing low percentage of paid women) most directly reflects which of the following developments in the US? a. the emergence of a women's rights movement b. the end of the cult of domesticity c. the need for labor to meet wartime production goals d. the transition towards a market economy

d. the transition towards a market economy