APUSH | Chatper 20: From Business Culture To Great Depression: The Twenties, 1920-1932
''welfare capitalism''
A more socially conscious kind of business leadership.
Equal Rights Amendment
A proposed amendment to eliminate all legal distinctions ''on account of sex.''
''100 percent Americanism''
Few features of urban life seemed more alien to rural and small-town native-born Protestants than their immigrant populations and cultures. The wartime obsession with "100 percent Americanism" continued into the 1920s, a decade of citizenship education programs in public schools, legally sanctioned visits to immigrants' homes to investigate their house- hold arrangements, and vigorous efforts by employers to instill appreciation for "American values."
Teapot Dome scandal
Harding administration scandal in which Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall profited from secret leasing to private oil companies of government oil reserves at Teapot Dome, Wyoming, and Elk Hills, California.
Which city was considered the "capital" of black America?
Harlem
American Civil Liberties Union
Organization founded during World War I to protest the suppression of freedom of expression in wartime; played a major role in court cases that achieved judicial recognition of Americans' civil liberties.
Which would NOT be considered a characteristic of a flapper?
advocated temperance
In the 1920s, employers embraced the American Plan, which:
advocated the "open shop."
During the 1920s
an estimated 40 percent of the population remained in poverty.
During the 1920s:
an estimated 40 percent of the population remained in poverty.
The Red Scare was an
anti-organized labor crusade after the war disguised as being anti-communist
In Schenck v. United States, the Supreme Court:
argued that bans on dangerous speech were constitutional
In their 1929 study, Middletown, Robert and Helen Lynd:
argued that leisure activities and consumption had replaced political involvement.
Robert La Follette ran for president in 1924:
as a Progressive Party candidate.
Robert La Follette ran for president in 1924,
as a progressive part canidate
The backbone of economic growth during the 1920s was the increased consumption of:
automobiles.
During the Harding administration, the Supreme Court:
became substantially more pro-buisness
What did Calvin Coolidge believe was the chief business of the American people?
business
DuPont emerged as a powerful corporation in the:
chemical industry
Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis:
crafted an intellectual defense of civil liberties during the 1920s.
Some members of the Lost Generation
created famous "jazz paintings"
Besides work and school, the most active agents of Americanization during the 1920s were
dance halls, department stores, and movie theaters.
A main cause of the Great Depression was:
declining American purchasing power.
The trial and execution of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti:
demonstrated how the Red Scare extended into the 1920s.
Cultural pluralism
described a society that gloried in ethnic diversity.
Cultural pluralism:
described a society that gloried in ethnic diversity.
Agriculture in the 1920s
enjoyed its golden age
The flapper:
epitomized the change in standards of sexual behavior.
Agriculture in the 1920s:
experienced declining incomes and increased bank foreclosures.
During the 1920s, American multinational corporations:
extended their reach throughout the world.
The Ku Klux Klan
flourished in the early 1920s, especially in the North and West.
The Ku Klux Klan:
flourished in the early 1920s, especially in the North and West.
During the 1920's:
government polices reflected the pro-business ethos of the decade.
In the 1920s, movies, radios, and phonographs:
helped create and spread a new celebrity culture.
The Harlem Renaissance
included writers and poets such as Langston Hughes and Claude McKay.
The Harlem Renaissance:
included writers and poets such as Langston Hughes and Claude McKay.
The Great Depression was caused by all of the following factors EXCEPT:
increased government regulation of banking and the stock market.
What were the National Catholic Welfare Council and the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith lobbying for in the 1920s?
laws prohibiting discrimination against immigrants by employers, colleges, and government agencies
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation:
made loans to failing businesses.
The Scopes trial illustrated a divide between:
modernism and fundamentalism.
Meyer v. Nebraska:
overturned a law that stated public schools would instruct classes in English.
All of the following statements about the 1924 Immigration Act are true EXCEPT:
the 1924 Immigration Act sought to ensure that more immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe than from northern and western Europe.
All of the following statements about the1924 Immigration Act are true EXCEPT:
the 1924 Immigration Act sought to ensure that more immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe than from northern and western Europe.
The Great Depression shaped the lives of Americans in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
the America suicide rate declined.
The Man Nobody Knows
The Man Nobody Knows, a 1925 best-seller by advertising executive Bruce Barton, portrayed Jesus Christ as "the greatest advertiser of his day, . . . a virile go-getting he-man of business," who "picked twelve men from the bottom ranks and forged a great organization."
Scopes trial
Trial of John Scopes, Tennessee teacher accused of violating state law prohibiting teaching of the theory of evolution; it became a nationally celebrated confrontation between religious fundamentalism and civil liberties.
During the Scopes trial, Clarence Darrow, the defense lawyer, questioned whom as a supposedly expert witness about the Bible?
William Jennings Bryan
The ''flapper''
With her bobbed hair, short skirts, public smoking and drinking, and unapologetic use of birth-control methods such as the diaphragm, the young, single "flapper" epitomized the change in standards of sexual behavior, at least in large cities.
There were many forces that predisposed potential Ku Klux Klan members to accept its exclusionary message without much analysis. These forces included all of the following except the:
the birth of the Harlem Renaissance
Which issue became the focus of the 1928 presidential race?
the fact that Alfred Smith was Catholic
For the feminist woman in the 1920s, freedom meant:
the right to choose her lifestyle.
The Teapot Dome scandal involved:
the secretary of the interior, who received money in exchange for leasing government oil reserves to private companies.
Labor unions lost members in the 1920s for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
through collective bargaining, labor unions had secured a national eight-hour day.
Innovations in the movie industry of the 1920s included all of the following EXCEPT
using the mass growth of commercial television to promote films
In 1923, the Meyer v. Nebraska decision:
was a startling reversal in the cause of Americanization.
During the 1920s, consumer goods:
were frequently purchased on credit.
Slumming meant:
whites going to Harlem's dance halls, jazz clubs, and speakeasies.
In 1928, Herbert Hoover:
won the presidency, primarily because of his sterling reputation and the general, apparent prosperity of the nation.
Sacco-Vanzetti case
A well-known case in which two Italian-American anarchists were found guilty and executed for a crime in which there was very little evidence linking them to the particular crime.
Fundamentalism
Anti-modernist protestant movement early 20th century proclaiming the liberal truth of the Bible
Many forces predisposed Ku Klux Klan members to accept the group's exclusionary message without much analysis. These forces included all of the following EXCEPT:
Coolidge's economic policies.
''the American way of life''
Even as unemployment remained high in Britain throughout the 1920s, and inflation and war reparations payments crippled the German economy, Hollywood films spread images of "the American way of life" across the globe.
Hays code
In 1922, the film industry adopted the Hays code, a sporadically enforced set of guidelines that prohibited movies from depicting nudity, long kisses, and adultery, and barred scripts that portrayed clergymen in a negative light or criminals sympathetically.
Rise of the stock market
In the 1920s, as the steadily rising price of stocks made front-page news, the market attracted more investors. Many assumed that stock values would rise forever. By 1928, an estimated 1.5 million Americans owned stock-- still a small minority of the country-- 28 million families, but far more than in the past.
Bonus marchers
In the spring of 1932, 20,000 unemployed World War I veterans descended on Washington to demand early payment of a bonus due in 1945, only to be driven away by federal soldiers led by the army's chief of staff, Douglas MacArthur.
Who was sentenced to death in a controversial criminal trial?
Nicola Sacco
Who was not a celebrity of the 1920s?
Jackie Robinson
''clear and present danger''
Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes declared that the First Amendment did not prevent Congress from prohibiting speech that presented a "clear and present danger" of inspiring illegal actions. Free speech, he observed, "would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theater and causing a panic."
All of the statements about Prohibition during the 1920s are true EXCEPT:
Religious fundamentalists opposed Prohibition on the grounds that it violated freedom.
What is the farmers plight?
Supply and demand lowered income resulting in the farmers losing their land
''illegal alien''
The law of 1924 established, in effect, for the first time a new category "the illegal alien." With it came a new enforcement mechanism, the Border Patrol, charged with policing the land boundaries of the United States and empowered to arrest and deport persons who entered the country in violation of the new nationality quotas or other restrictions.
The ''new Negro''
The term "New Negro," associated in politics with pan-Africanism and the militancy of the Garvey movement, in art meant the rejection of established stereotypes and a search for black values to put in their place. This quest led the writers of what came to be called the Harlem Renaissance to the roots of the black experience: Africa, the rural South's folk traditions, and the life of the urban ghetto.
McNary-Haugan farm bill
Vetoed by President Calvin Coolidge in 1927 and 1928, the bill to aid farmers would have artificially raised agricultural prices by selling surpluses overseas for low prices and selling the reduced supply in the United States for higher prices.
Whose presidency was plagued with scandals?
Warren Harding
Banned in Boston" referred to:
a book ban in the city, including books by Ernest Hemingway.
"Banned in Boston" referred to
a book ban in the city, including books by ernest hemingway
President Harding's call for a return to normalcy meant:
a call for the regular order of things, without excessive reform.
The growth of radio and other mass media in the 1920s produced:
a national culture
Illegal alien
a person in the country unlawfully
The Scopes trial of 1925:
pitted creationists against evolutionists.
The Hays Code:
prohibited movies from depicting nudity, long kisses, and adultery.
The McNary-Haugen Bill:
proposed the government purchase of farm products so as to raise prices.
The Equal Rights Amendment:
proposed to eliminate all legal distinctions based on sex.
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff:
raised taxes on imported goods.
President Hoover responded to the onset of the Depression by:
reassuring Americans that "the tide had turned
Effects of the auto industry's growth included all of the following EXCEPT:
reducing the use of assembly-line production
American foreign policy during the 1920s:
reflected the close working relationship between government and business.
All of the following are examples of economic foreign policy designed to improve American business EXCEPT:
rejecting the League of Nations.
Regarding public education, in 1922, Oregon became the first state to:
require all students to attend public school.
The 1924 Immigration Act:
set quotas that favored immigration from southern and eastern Europe.
