APUSH Period 4 Test

Which of the following groups would most likely have supported the arguments in the petition above?

Laissez-faire capitalists in the early 1900s

6. The author's sentiments in the excerpt above can best be understood as

an expression of Southern pride in the institution of slavery.

9. Which of the following best explains why many state governments in the North continued to restrict African American citizenship during the antebellum era?

Anti-black sentiments persisted in popular politics and culture.

19. Tecumseh believed that which of the following would be the best way for the American Indians to respond to the desire of white settlers for land?

Forming a confederacy among all American Indians

Which of the following developments LEAST contributed to the grievances articulated in the petition above?

Increased agricultural production resulting from technological inventions

5. Which of the following was NOT true about the 1820 Missouri Compromise?

It was unsuccessful at keeping the issue of slavery from becoming a national debate during the 1820s and 1830s.

20. Tecumseh objected to the treaty selling Indian land because he thought

No individual or single tribe had the right to sell the land

2. The letter above was most likely written in response to

Passage of the Missouri Compromise.

10. The concerns articulates by Dorothea Dix the excerpt above were most similar to those of

Progressives in the early 1900s.

14. Which of the following best exemplified the Jeffersonian embrace of the ideals described in the excerpt above?

The Louisiana Purchase

13. Antebellum era reform movements such as abolitionism, temperance, and women's rights had their origins in all of the following EXCEPT

the Monroe Doctrine.

4. Which of the following events or processes in the 1840s or 1850s most directly contributed to the "irritations" that Jefferson warned about in the letter above?

The acquisition of new territory in the West and the U.S. victory in the Mexican-American War

15. Which of the following antebellum-era historical developments most conflicted with the goals of Jeffersonian Republicans as outlined in the excerpt above?

The growth of northern industry and regional economic specialization

1. Which of the following divisive issues is Thomas Jefferson warning the read about in the above excerpt?

The issue of slavery

11. Which of the following antebellum-era historical developments was least likely to have spurred efforts such as those described in the excerpt above?

The progress toward a unified new national culture

12. The efforts described in the excerpt above can best be understood in the context of

attempts to match democratic political ideals with social realities.

3. The concerns expressed in the letter above can best be understood in the context of

debates over the extension of slavery into the western territories

The sentiments expressed in the petition above can best be understood in the context of the rise of voluntary organizations promoting secular reforms.

debates over the federal government's role in the economy.

7. The excerpt above was most likely a response to which of the following?

the abolitionist criticism of the treatment of slaves in the South

"This momentous question like a fire-bell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it at once as the knell of the Union. It is hushed, indeed, for the moment. But this is a reprieve only, not a final sentence. A geographical line, coinciding with a marked principle, moral and political, once conceived and held up to the angry passions of men, will never be obliterated; and every new irritation will mark it deeper and deeper....But as it is, we have the wolf by the ears, and we can neither hold him, nor safely let him go. Justice is in one scale, and self-preservation in the other." Thomas Jefferson, Letter to John Holmes, 1820 Thomas Jefferson Randolph, ed., Memoirs, Correspondence, and Private Papers of Thomas Jefferson (London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, 1829), 4:332.

questions 1-5

"I come to present the strong claims of suffering humanity. I come as the advocate of helpless, forgotten, insane and idiotic men and women; of beings sunk to a condition from which the most unconcerned would start with real horror; of beings wretched in our Prisons, and more wretched in our Alms-Houses....I proceed, Gentlemen, briefly to call your attention to the present state of Insane Persons confined within this Commonwealth, in cages, closets, cellars, stalls, pens! Chained, naked, beaten with rods, and lashed into obedience!...The crying evil and abuse of institutions, is not confined to our almshouses. The warden of a populous prison near this metropolis, populous, not with criminals only, but with the insane in almost every stage of insanity...has declared that: "the prison has often more resembled the infernal regions than any place on earth!"...Gentlemen, I commit to you this sacred cause. Your action upon this subject will affect the present and future condition of hundreds and of thousands. In this legislation, as in all things, may you exercise that "wisdom which is the breath of the power of God." Dorothea Dix, Memorial to the Legislature of Massachusetts, 1843 Dorothea L. Dix, Memorial to the Legislature of Massachusetts (Boston: Munroe & Francis, 1843).

questions 10-13

"Many years after his first election to the presidency, Thomas Jefferson commented that 'the revolution of 1800' was as 'real a revolution in the principles of our government as that of 1776 was in its form.'...For him the election of 1800 was a turning point because it marked a turning back to the true republican spirit of 1776....Within the Jeffersonian framework of assumptions and beliefs, three essential conditions were necessary to create and sustain such a republican political economy: a national government free from any taint of corruption, an unobstructed access to an ample supply of open land, and a relatively liberal international commercial order that would offer adequate foreign markets for America's flourishing agricultural surplus." Drew R. McCoy, The Elusive Republic: Political Economy in Jeffersonian America, 1980

questions 14 and 15

"[W]e view with great concern, both nationally and individually, certain late attempts, on the part of various descriptions of domestic manufacturers, to induce your honorable body to increase the duties upon imports, already so high as to amount, upon many articles, nearly to a prohibition. This increased cost upon some of these may truly be designated a tax upon knowledge, if not a bounty to ignorance....That, although these attempts are sustained under the plausible pretext of 'promoting national industry,' they are calculated...to produce a tax highly impolitic in its nature, partial in its operation, and oppressive in its effects: a tax, in fact to be levied principally on the great body of agriculturists, who constitute a large majority of the whole American people, and who are the chief consumers of all foreign imports....it is the duty of every wise and just government to secure the consumers against both exorbitant profits and extravagant prices by leaving competition as free and open as possible." Virginia Agricultural Society, Petition to the House of Representatives, 1820 "Remonstrance against Increase of Duties on Imports," House of Representatives, January 17, 1820, no. 570, 16th Cong., 1st sess., American State Papers: Finance, 3:447-48.

questions 16-18

"It is true I am a Shawnee. My forefathers were warriors. Their son is a warrior. From them I take only my existence; from my tribe I take nothing... I come to Governor Harrison to ask him to tear the treaty... but I would say to him: 'Sir, you have liberty to return to your own country.' "Once, nor until lately, there was no white man on this continent... It then all belonged to red men.... Once a happy race, since made miserable by the white people, who are never contented but always encroaching. The way, and the only way, to check and to stop this evil, is for all the red men to unite in claiming a common and equal right in the land... For it never was divided, but belongs to all for the use of each. For no part has a right to sell." Tecumseh, Letter to Governor William Henry Harrison, August 1810

questions 19-20

"Every one acquainted with southern slaves knows that the slave rejoices in the elevation and prosperity of his master; and the heart of no one is more gladdened at the successful debut of young master or miss on the great theatre of the world than that of either the young slave who has grown up with them and shared in all their sports, and even partaken of all their delicacies—or the aged one who has looked on and watched them from birth to manhood, with the kindness and most affectionate solicitude, and has ever met from them all the kind treatment and generous sympathies of feeling, tender hearts. Judge Smith...said in an emergency he would rely upon his own slaves for his defense—he would put arms into their hands, and he had no doubt they would defend him faithfully. In the late Southampton insurrection, we know that many actually convened their slaves and armed them for defense, although slaves were here the cause of the evil which was to be repelled." Thomas Dew, President of the College of William and Mary, 1832 William Harper, James Henry Hammond, William Gilmore Simms, and Thomas Roderick Dew, The Pro-Slavery Argument (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo, 1853), 457-58.

questions 6-9

8. By the eve of the Civil War, sentiments such as those expressed in the excerpt above most clearly formed the basis for

the Southern defense of slavery as a positive good.