APUSH Quiz #2
Which of the following was a direct British response to the colonial views expressed by the Stamp Act Congress? (A) Quartering Act for British soldiers (B) Sugar Act taxing luxuries (C) Coercive Act closing the port of Boston (D) Declaratory Act stating the right to tax
(D) Declaratory Act stating the right to tax
Question 2 is based on the excerpts below. "If the towns of Manchester and Birmingham, sending no representatives to Parliament, are notwithstanding there represented, why are not the cities of Albany and Boston equally represented in that Assembly? ... Are they not Englishmen? Or are they only Englishmen when they solicit for protection, but not Englishmen when taxes are required to enable this country to protect them?" -Soame Jenyns, member of the British Parliament, "The Objections to the Taxation of Our American Colonies Considered," 1765 "That the petitioners have been long concerned in carrying on the trade between this country and the British colonies on the continent of North America; ... From the nature of this trade, consisting of British manufactures exported and of the import of raw materials from America, many of them used in our manufactures and all of them tending to lessen our dependence on neighboring states, it must be deemed of the highest importance in the commercial system of this nation." -London Merchants Against the Stamp Act, 1766
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Questions 1-3 refer to the excerpt below. "We apprehend that as freemen and English subjects, we have an indisputable title to the same privileges and immunities with His Majesty's other subjects who reside in the interior counties ... , and therefore ought not to be excluded from an equal share with them in the very important privilege of legislation .... We cannot but observe with sorrow and indignation that some persons in this province are at pains to extenuate the barbarous cruelties practised by these savages on our murdered brethren and relatives ... by this means the Indians have been taught to despise us as a weak and disunited people, and from this fatal source have arisen many of our calamities .... We humbly pray therefore that this grievance may be redressed." -The Paxton Boys, to the Pennsylvania Assembly, "A Remonstrance of Distressed and Bleeding Frontier Inhabitants," 1764
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Questions 4-6 refer to the excerpt below. "It is inseparably essential to the freedom of a People, and the undoubted Right of Englishmen, that no taxes be imposed on them, but with their own Consent, given personally, or by their representatives .... That it is the indispensable duty of these colonies, to the best of sovereigns ... to procure the repeal of the act for granting and applying certain stamp duties, of all clauses of any other acts of Parliament ... for the restriction of American commerce." -Resolutions of the Stamp Act Congress, 1765
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Questions 7-8 refer to the excerpt below. "The unhappy disputes between Great Britain and her American colonies ... have proceeded to lengths so dangerous and alarming as to excite just apprehensions in the minds of His Majesty's faithful subjects of this colony .... "It cannot admit of a doubt but that British subjects in America are entitled to the same rights and privileges as their fellow subjects possess in Britain; and therefore, that the power assumed by the British Parliament to bind America by their statutes in all cases whatsoever is unconstitutional, and the source of these unhappy differences .... "To obtain a redress of these grievances, without which the people of America can neither be safe, free, nor happy, they are willing to undergo the great inconvenience that will be derived to them from stopping all imports whatsoever from Great Britain." -Instructions to the Virginia Delegates to the First Continental Congress, Williamsburg, 1774
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Stamp Act
1765; law that taxed printed goods, including: playing cards, documents, newspapers, etc. ------------------------------------------------- Enacted by Parliament in 1765, required that revenue stamps be placed on most printed paper in the colonies, including all legal documents, newspapers, pamphlets, and advertisements. This was the first direct tax-collected from those who used the goods-paid by the people in the colonies, as opposed to the taxes on imported goods, which were paid by merchants.
Stamp Act Congress
A meeting of delegations from many of the colonies, the congress was formed to protest the newly passed Stamp Act It adopted a declaration of rights as well as sent letters of complaints to the king and parliament, and it showed signs of colonial unity and organized resistance.
Proclamation of 1763
A proclamation from the British government which forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalacian Mountains, and which required any settlers already living west of the mountains to move back east.
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
A secret society organized for the purpose of intimidating tax agents. Members of this society sometimes destroyed revenue stamps and tarred and feathered revenue officials.
Which of the following is the underlying goal of the colonists in the excerpt? (A) Win political representation (B) Declare independence (C) Promote free trade (D) Reduce the overall level of taxes
A. Win Political Representation
For the first time, the Stamp Act placed on the colonies a tax that was (A) indirect (B) direct (C) to regulate trade (D) to support a church
B. Direct
Which of the following leaders from an earlier period represented a group in a similar situation as cited in this excerpt? A.) Edmond Andros B.) Nathaniel Bacon C.) John Smith D.) Roger Williams
B. Nathaniel Bacon
The concern expressed in this excerpt helps explain why the British passed the A.) Peace of Paris B.) Proclamation of 1763 C.) Quartering Act D.) Port Act
B. Proclamtion of 1763
Which of the following actions by the colonists is most similar to the one recommended in the excerpt above? (A) The Boston Massacre (B) The Boston Tea Party (C) The formation of the Committees of Correspondence (D) The distribution of the Massachusetts Circular Letter
B. The Boston Tea Party
4. The resolution of the Stamp Act Congress expressed respect for which person or group? (A) Colonial merchants (B) The king (C) Leaders in Parliament (D) Residents of England
B. The king.
The protests by the Paxton Boys occurred during a period when many colonists were objecting to British policies that were a result of the A.) Albany Plan of Union B.) Great Awakening C.) Seven Years' War D.) Enlightenment
C. Seven Years War
Commitees of Correspondence
Initiated by Samuel Adams in 1772 in order to spread the view that British officials were undermining colonial liberties.
Quebec Act
Signed in 1774, intended to reorganize the way these British territories were governed. ----------------------------------------------- A law organizing the Canadian lands gained from France. This plan was accepted by most French Canadians, but it was resented by many in the 13 colonies
Albany Plan of Union
The delegates from seven colonies adopted a plan-the Albany Plan of Union-developed by Benjamin Franklin that provided for an inter-colonial government and a system for recruiting troops and collecting taxes from the various colonies for their common defense. Each colony was too jealous of its own taxation powers to accept the plan, however, and it never took effect. The Albany congress was significant, however, because it set a precedent for later, more revolutionary congresses in the 1770s.
Briefly explain the main point in excerpt 1.
There is a lack of representation for the colonists unless they are needed during the war
Coercive Acts
There were four Coercive Acts, directed mainly at punishing the people of Boston and Massachusetts and bringing the dissidents under control. 1. The Port Act closed the port of Boston, prohibiting trade in and out of the harbor until the destroyed tea was paid for. 2. The Massachusetts Government Act reduced the power of the Massachusetts legislature while increasing the power of the royal governor. 3. The Administration of Justice Act allowed royal officials accused of crimes to be tried in Great Britain instead of in the colonies. 4. A fourth law expanded the Quartering Act to enable British troops to be quartered in private homes. It applied to all colonies.
Declaratory Act
This act asserted that Parliament had the right to tax and make laws for the colonies "in all cases whatsoever." This declaration of policy would soon lead to renewed conflict between the colonists and the British government.
Briefly explain the main point in excerpt 2.
Trading with North America should be seen as more of a priority for the British.
Pontiac's Rebellion
When Chief Pontiac led a major attack against colonial settlements on the western frontier. The American Indians were angered by the growing westward movement of European settlers onto their land and by the British refusal to offer gifts as the French had done. Pontiac's alliance of American Indians in the Ohio Valley destroyed forts and settlements from New York to Virginia.
a) Briefly explain the British view of how the Seven Years' War fundamentally changed the relationship between Britain and its American colonies. b) Briefly explain the colonial view as a result of the war. c) Briefly describe an initial reaction taken as a result of the changing views by either the British or colonists.
a.) They thought the American militia was poorly trained and disorderly. They also thought the colonists were useless because they were unwilling to help the troops. b.)They were proud of their record in all 4 wars and developed confidence that they could provide their own defense C.)The British felt the need to maintain a large British military force to guard its American frontiers. They made the colonies pay for the troops guarding the frontiers.
Writs of Assistance
legal document that enabled officers to search homes and warehouses for goods that might be smuggled
Briefly explain an action, in response to ONE of the two views expressed, taken by the British government from the period between 1763 and 1774.
the quartering act
