Architecture Final

Linda Vista, San Diego

20th Century Housing -early in the war, navy decided it has to build inexpensive housing fast. The market was so bad you could rent out any part of your home and someone will pay you to live there cause there were no homes -goal was to build 300 homes in 300 days -they use factory assembly line procedures to build house -45 steps involved, from foundation to furnishing -they were able to build 40 houses a day, not great but hey a roof over your head so eh -

Levittown, New York

20th Century Housing -gov does things to promote mass housing, incentives to developers for quick solutions Abraham Levit: -originally a real estate lawyer, becomes a developer -had 2 sons, one in the navy and one who worked with Wright -Number of tomes called levittowns -mass houseing, on rectangle plots -cement slabs for base, all the parts of the house come prefabricated -assembly line construction -they really understand their audience, know what they want. People want a home with a few details that associate with the american dream -basic model called "The Cape Cod" -

Usonian Houses, F.L.Wright

20th Century Housing -supposed to be very affordable, stylish, new homes -Wright hated international style, thought it was evil lol -houses are spread out from each other, will need a car -to make as affordable as possible, there's a concrete slab base, lots of wood material for walls -walls usually not insulated -very private, closed off to the street -lots of glass and french doors in the back side -"L" shaped bottom floor with a sleeping space and a living space -3 bedrooms, one master -at the elbow of the L is the kitchen/workspace -little office tucked in the corner of the living room, can i just say its super cute. -built in dining room table -bedroom not too large, but has built on night table -house like this could be built for 14,000 dollars Problems: -Heating pipes were in the concrete foundation, so when it broke they couldn't fix it -flat roofs started cracking and couldn't handle rain -

Craftsman bungalows

20thCentury Housing in America: - Give plans for a house that you build yourself and did not include houses for servants(new) - Kitchens were supposed to be more efficient and part of everyday livin - bungalow courtyard was a new concept and sometimes there were single rooms or sometimes a room with a bathroom and it was a community of owners - Recognition that not everyone was married w kids they designed a home for single peeps that was not an apartment and little to no maintenance. - could now have a pet and little garden space - halfway between city and country livin - people would look out for their neighbors and get to know each other. Sometimes there were single rooms and a fold out bed to be more efficient - they came in diff styles, no style dominated these little communities

Ranch houses, Cliff May

20thCentury Housing in America: Cliff May: -probably most inflectional architect for southern caliterm-29fornia houses -he was a drop out of SDSU -started career making furniture for model homes, those homes sold so he decided to build the homes -calles homes "Hacienda" homes, spanish style -fake adobe, tiled roofs, garage doors have hand crafted feel type of patterns -these houses just blow up, everyone loves them - Ranch homes because popular because not all people liked hacienda homes. -Wood Elements.

Hacienda homes, Cliff May

20thCentury Housing in America: - Was incredible influence for San Diego and southern cali - Cliff May was actually a student at SDSU(yeet yeet babaayyy) - Started off as woodworking and furniture - First house was 23 yrs old - He named his style hacienda homes - Out in the countryside houses would often be closed off - Lots of detail= handmade and walls look thickie, - tiled roofs - garage doors have interesting wooden pattern & windows had wooden grills - The house is centered around a garden because old style mission homes always had an outside living space. - Rough wooden beams were a part of the style -Fireplaces took on interesting forms and others were rounded and beehive shaped because he loved the bee movie but every time it says bee it moves faster (similar to Lilian rice?)

Rockefeller Center

Art Deco: -building is famous because in most cities, skyscrapers are built by one donor or owner, but rocker feller center was like 20 buildings that was planned to be built together, more like city planning -original plan was that center building was gonna be metropolitan opera, was gonna be called metropolitan center but depression changed that -RCA takes over main building (radio company that turned into NBC), but they didn't;t wanna use their name, so they use Rockerfeller's name cause ehe was an oil money man who funded a lot of it -the buildings are coordinated around a central T-shaped plaza -Rockerfeller wanted a gothic revival skyscraper, but wife and son convened him to be modern -set backs are only on the sides, front is very tall and straight -Rockefeller wanted all high quality design despite them being in a depression

Empire State Building, NYC, Shreve, Lamb and Harmon

Art Deco: -building that surpasses the chrysler building in height -was a hotel on the property, paid 16 million for it when economy was high, then had to build it during the depression -there was no economic justification for building this at the time, they were just commited -they used their set back at only 5 stories, then build a straight skyscraper -had 3400 people building this at it's height -even though they lost money, they got cheap labor cause people were desperate for jobs -facade very flat and plain -they dont set the windows back, they keep it flush with the outside -very art deco with the vertical lines, wing-like buttresses at the top -the reason for the spire at the top: there were airplanes but they thought the future was gonna have zeppelins flying around. They thought NY was gonna be like air taxis with blimps, so the top was gonna be like a stop -decorations in the lobby very art deco style -some of the decorations highlight the modern technologies and features of the building like elevators and such

Pantages Theater, Hollywood,

Art Deco: -people would still pay money to watch a movie and escape reality during the depression -theater was all in art deco style, like Hollywood and the oscars -all been restored today, very decorative and flashy -style is popular with ordinary people, but snobby art people dont like it -

Chrysler Building, New York City

Art Deco: ART DECO: -women had more rights, were out more, could vote -women changed their fashion, chopped hair, shorter skirts, wear cosmetics -1920's also age of prohibition, more underground bars -New York by the 1980's had tens of millions -zoning laws changed, allowed for taller buildings -streets are becoming cold and dark and poorer quality -to solve the street conditions, they passed a zoning formula to allow for more sun to hit streets -buildings have to narrow towards the top -skyscrapers are seen as a good advertisement/investment for big businesses -Chrysler Co hires an architect to build this building, wanted it to be tallest building the world. -height had to be increased because a bank was being built across the street that was going to be higher Exterior: -curtain wall is a white and grey brick, some decoration -first set-back is at 30 feet high, has a frieze design: elements from Chrysler cars like hubcaps, and at the corners had something like a radiator cap from older models, like a stylized eagle form -at 60 floors is the second setback, -summit is very modern and sleek looking, like spokes in a wheel or something. -had a cafe called the cloud cafe at top -main doors and entrance is all black marble, with glass and lots of angular lines and forms in art deco style -lobby has gold marble on the floor, red marble on the walls -elevator doors have inlaid exotic woods, pattern on the doors inspired by a fan pattern found in the chests of the discovered King Tut Tomb and his bling bling -was only tallest building for 2 years because everyone trying to be the tallest

Johnson Wax Building, Racine WI.

Frank Lloyd Wright -this one is a business commission, a headquarters - Johnson Was makes things like windex and other big name stuff, they were a family run business who were goo to their workers -wright thought office spaces were boring ,he wanted something more inspirational -internal columns called "lily pad" or "mushroom" columns. -they are made from steel mesh and concrete, all connected at the top for stability -large clearestory above the columns, like like big open space -upper gallery space for more private offices -spaces between lilly pad columns: 2 layers of glass tubing filtering light -he went to the pyrex company to make glass tubing to go around corners from windows and light -inspirational beautiful place to work, one of the first air-conditioned business offices -Wright wanted to design the office furniture as well -table is nice, rounded corners and built in trash can -chairs were bad, only three legs so people had trouble sitting in them Problems: -roof leaked again lol -Wright said he could build for 200,000 monies, ended up being 900,000 monies Research Tower: -Wright had to convince owners to let him design it, since they were tired of his financial troubles -compared to pagodas, -little cantilevers sticking out every few floors -alternating square and round floors -labs on the square floors, round floors for offices -large tube in the middle for elevators -he said he could build for 1.2 million, but it cost 3.5 million -not used anymore as lab space -

Alice Millard House ("La Miniatura")

Frank Lloyd Wright About Franky boi: -describes work as organic -similar idea to corinthian order, like organic implementations. -his career had ups and down cause he lived so damn long that styles changed -this mans ran off with one of his client's wives, when he was married with two children damn dude. He couldn't;t even get a divorce because you needed spouses consent, which they couldn't get -his "new" family didn't work out, since ya know, one maid went nuts and killed everyone then burned the house down. Is this information even relevant idk - mans moved to LA, place of reinvention, doesn't spend too long here -the styles FLW was recalling was Mayan, which wasn't seen in LA. He got knowledge of this style from books -he is looking for new means of construction= less labor and cost effective. -he likes concrete blocks= "cheapest and ugliest thing in the world" but he wants to use it and make it pretty -wants to make concrete blocks at the site of the building, use whatever sand or gravel is available at he site. They were put in molds and left to dry and cure, some molds had patterns on them -concrete is double wall, space for electrical stuff and ventilation -In theory, this concrete thing was supposed to be cheap and easy, like a build-your-own-home thang. But since he was a perfectionist it wasn't that practical One of the houses using these blocks: -owners sold antique books and stuff, they moved out here -she traded her flat lot for a more nature spot, with a lily pond, tucked into the gully -unlike the prairie style, this is much more vertical, kinda like Mayan temples -dining room on bottom floor, kinda flows into garden -living room is dope. walls are concrete blocks, perforated with glass. French door frames, overlooks the pond The problems: -flat roofs, they always leaks -he didn't have a lot of experience with concrete, very dry mix -some of his molds were aluminum and were meant to be pressed, he instead hammered them and it left cracks -expensive to maintain and repair -built in areas prone to earthquakes, no bueno for the house -

Edgar Kaufmann residence ("Fallingwater")

Frank Lloyd Wright one of his most famous houses -built on property with large natural boulders and waterfall -owners are Kaufmann, rich bois who would come out here and camp, they wanted a vacation home here -Wright was broke, he opened up a "school" apprenticeship, got to shadow but was basically like a joke internship -son was part of this program, so they knew wright and son convicted parents to hire him -Wright built a house that incorporates the waterfall in it -cantilevered horizontal planes that extend from the house, compliments the site -edges slightly rounded, colors similar to woodlands around site -no box like structure on blueprints, really out there Main Floor: -dining room, kitchen, living room -fireplace, always anchoring house to earth. The rocks are actually part of the bedrock, so they kinds of stick up from the floor. The rest of the stone was brought in, but polished it to look wet like it was dampened by the waterfall. Lots of varnished wood -glass windows very large, at the corner of the house there is no corner bar so it looks out clearly into nature The Hatch: -that patio thing on the top. -kind go glass boxed in, above the waterfall -you could open hatch with stairs, maybe fish from patio who knows The problems: -the cantilevers are concrete with steel reinforcement, the contractor told Wright he needed more reinforcement, Wright didn't listen. The roofs began to slooooowly sink -they had to raise money to repair it -repairs only cost 11 million, thats like..... at least 7 crunch-wraps I think

Barcelona Pavilion, Mies van der Rohe

Modernism conted: post World War II -German Architect -this building is just a display of german style and architecture -not a closed space, just exercise of beautiful forms and materials -This the mans that said Less Is More -father was a stone mason, so he grew up high all the time - reflecting pools -he designed furniture too, still being produced "barcelona chairs"

Farnsworth House, Mies van der Rohe

Modernism conted: post World War II -Kinda reverse of "Form Follows Function" theory of modernism, rather make something beautiful and figure out function after -Architect was planner but couldn't actually build much, was looking for a diner to fund his ideas -pure white not he exterior -steel frame, flawless and smooth -held off the ground on 8 steel beams -beautiful floors and furniture -doesn't function as a house -no windows open, only front door and a little hatch -architect got sued cause lady thought he wasn't skillful as he presented himself to be

Unite d'habitation, Marseilles, Le Corbusier

Modernism conted: post World War II -apartment complex -Supposed to be self sufficient -Top is theater, even a nursery for kiddos -Pilates- posts that hold up the building, off the ground -half way up it would have shops and restaurants -communal facilities at the top - one hallway for three floors -He was interested in cruise ships, roof inspired by that - jogging track on roof -temple for modern living -lots of natural raw concrete on roof, pool at top - supposed to be a series built, but this was the only one built

Case Study House Program, Los Angeles Case Study House #22, Pierre Koenig

Modernism conted: post World War II -case study project in southern california -very progressive newspaper/magazine called arts & architecture that talked about all kinds of art -had sections for "case studies" of houses -number of architects worked on this magazine -would build a modern, international style house customized to the specific needs of what people want -each study numbered, this one is 22 -houses that got built and published would be on open house for 6-8 weeks to show off -most famous house, very photogenic -sits on a substandard lot, bought for cheap because thought it was impossible to build on -owners got matched up with an architect from the house program to try to solve the problem of the lot -he started building a steel frame house, professors told him he was crazy and no one would buy it -is a steel frame house, from road looks like steel shed -back of house all glass, totally private -large steel beams, all framed in one day -lot of the panels are sliding glass doors -L shaped house -

Villa Savoye, Poissy, Le Corbusier

Modernism: -Corbusier's most famous house -vacation home for wealthy couple in Paris -on a very pretty property, but not engaged with the landscape at all, very white and blocky -perfect square, white -it's raised off the ground on pillars -ribbon windows that stretch across the whole side of the house on four sides -windbreak for garden on the roof -the curve of the house is the minimum turning radius of a citroen car, had a garage -everything is industrially produced -spiral staircase for servants -ramp instead of stairs to the roof, in original drawing wanted the car to drive up the roof, idea that whole building is a machine -main level upstairs, has bedrooms, kitchen, living room -the living room: the pilates come up where necessary. -very little furniture, he hated clutter, all minimal. Doesn't call it furniture, but rather "beautiful equipment" -kitchen is hella basic -bathroom is pretty but still plain -mans dont like nature, concrete looking-ass house

Bauhaus, Dessau, Gropius and Meyer,

Modernism: -Groupius apointed the head of essentially germany's art academy -He was one of the founders of modernism. He wanted to combine the best artists/designers to create things that could be mass produced. -Bauhaus, brining best teachers and students together, Gropius gets to build new campus. -Inserts all ideas of efficacy, modern design, etc. into this building -traditional materials are not efficient (stone, wood) -build as simply and functional as possible, "clear organic architecture, who's inner logic will be radiant" or something like that -supposed to look like propeller from sky, industrial looking -no decoration, just function -most modern looking building is the shop block. It's a grid of steel and glass panes. -strip of white concrete at top and bottom is the only decoration -the best artists taught here

Schindler-Chase house, West Hollywood, Schindler

Modernism: -Rudolph Schindler: studied under Adolf Loose, so he digests all those ideas about functionalism -he sees work of Frank Lloyd Wright and is a fan boi, he goes to Chicago to ask him for a job -he works for him for 5 years, Wright send him to southern California eventually to supervise a house construction - Schindler quits and sets up firm in SoCal -he broke and has to beg for money to built first house, has to split home with Chase -Chase knows about tilt-slab construction and they use that here -they create a really interesting house, ground plan kind of looks like Bauhaus -Schindler wanted to build a house with a central kitchen so it was more communal, rather than shoved in a corner -house is meant for two couples, with rooms and gardens on both ends, and kitchen in the middle -built with flat roofs, and uses red wood and concrete -there are also outdoor fireplaces along with indoor ones -he is influenced by Japanese architecture, has sliding panels -"sleeping basket" up on the roofs, like a spot for sleeping on the roof. One for each couple -a number of the beams with have sliding adjustable lights on them -house can be opened up with al the partisans Architect's thoughts on International Style: -visions of people who suffered through first war, they only wants efficiency, with no care for joy and beauty

Citrohan House, Le Corbusier

Modernism: -house is like a car: affordable to everyone, mass- produced -he does;t like closing first floor -large glass windows -living room space on first floor, usually bedroom on second floor -might have a roof garden -everything done with mass-produced industrial materials -produce housing quickly and cheaply

background on modernism

Modernism: Adolf Loos: -born in vienna, home of art neuvou, he hated it - thinks decoration is evolving away from decorative -wrote a tritium, saying any decoration on outside of building is a waste, no ornament -kinda founding father of modernism -WW1 kinda start of modernism -need to provide housing for millions of people/fighters . You can use architecture to improve society. These thinkers believe they need to build quickly and efficiently as possible with modern materials and technology, not working about aesthetics. If you build something that is functional and practical, it will naturally be beautiful.

Domino House, Le Corbusier ( like the type of structure)

Modernism: Le Corbusier: -not his real name what a fake -very influential builder and writer, writes a book called "Towards a new architecture": compares greek temples to motor cars. "A house should be built with the same attention to efficiency as a car." -he's thinking about a kit-house, for mass producing homes -he always wants to raise house off the ground, concrete supports with concrete slabs, and stairs, basic house -

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

New Deal agency that helped create jobs for those that needed them. It created around 9 million jobs working on bridges, roads, and buildings. Teamed up with veterans and widows of veterans to spread money and build buildings. Did things quick and cheap.

Notre-Dame-du-Haut, Ronchamp, Le Corbusier

Postmodernism, Late Modernism -Corbusier was asked to build a church in France -church is kinda small, room for 50 people -building does not automatically associate with his style -he would aways build with concrete which allows more flexible designs cause you can pour into any mold -all the walls curve here -back tower is a bell tower, most pilgrimage churches should have a bell tower -walls look thick but are hollow -some of the rubbles from the previous church included in the concrete -contrast in color and texture of roof and walls, one gets more weathered -front of the building is more concave, the back is convex -height of the space varies because the roof is curving -colored glass, with modern designs, idea of interesting illumination of the interior -inspiration believed to come from location on hill, where wind would blow. they think the curves on the roof is meant to catch the wind, like birds wing. Others compare it to a ship. Le Corbusier says the roof was inspired by a clam shell. -Woods thinks it leads back to the monolithic rock sculptures like stone henge,

Piazza d'Italia, New Orleans, Charles Moore

Postmodernism, Late Modernism -Italian Square, located in New Orleans -there is a significant Italian population in NO -there was a festival that was held to affirm their Sicilian identity -they invested in something excited to gather interest and business to the area, they built this public space -the space is circular, about half of it is a fountain -the other half has a pattern in the pavement showing circles coming out -there is a pseudo topographical map of italy, and Sicily falls in the center of the circle -the fountain elements are carried out in the columns as well, like water columns -all the elements are drawn from different periods of Italian architecture. Incorporates the history of Italy and history of architecture, meant tot attract and teach people -the fountain heads spitting out water have one that is Charles Moore There are five classical orders: Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Composite(ionic scrolls on top of corinthian) -this place has all the orders -Charles Moore has a sense of humor, he makes a new order called the "delicatessen" order. It's an homage to modern Italian dining. -at night, the whole place is pimped out in neon, elements that architects tend to look their noses down at -its playful and fun -not a success as an act of renewing the city area, it became kinda sketchy, things broke down, not well kept.

Salk Institute for Biological Studies

Postmodernism, Late Modernism -Salk crated the vaccine that wiped out polio -he was centered in pittsburg, where his lab was -26 acres of land given to the salk institute for research in la jolla -he wanted to create a community where he can gather the best scientists to cure diseases -Khan was chosen to design the labs -salk left his wife and married picasso's ex wife, marriage of art and science awww kinda -huge panels of glass on building for lots of natural light -six story building, 2 below ground level -the concrete is called "fare-Faced", you can see the indentations for the lead plugs, the markings of when it was contruction -he tried different mixes of concrete, ended up using volcanic ash that romans used -it looks like a beautiful limestone, has a warmth to it -only three floors are labs, the other 3 are servant spaces -the labs were as open as possible so they can be configured in any way -the servant spaces are only 9 feet high because its just meant to be walked through, not stayed in -you have to have systems that produce gas, water, weird tech stuff, so they need these floors for all the machine stuff -there are studies on the side of the building for private studying or thinking spaces. They don't align with the floor levels of the main building for as much privacy as possible -each study has a bed, a view of the ocean, screen doors for bugs. The material used is teak. -Central courtyard is a beauty. Its paved in travertine (idk how its spelled), and has a little water river running through from east to west, pointing to the ocean -compared towards islamic style, like the water channel in the ground at Alhambra

Vanna Venturi House, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Venturi and others

Postmodernism, Late Modernism -also called "mothers house" -was a retirement home built for the architect's mother -he went to princeton where he studied architecture -sent to study in rome, fell in love with art history -wrote a tretus on architecture -"buildings need to respond to the inherent complexities and contradictions of living" -he thinks less details is boring -a typical international style house would have a flat roof, but he is going back and embracing the past -the house is designed to say "I am a house", I guess it's kinda a joke statement but also not? -classic house things like pointed roof, chimney. Like a house a child would draw hahaha -front is like a flat house facade -house is green because he heard houses should never be green - he exaggerated the size of the chimney so it reads as a chimney -arch at entrance, just piece of cheap molding he glued to the front -marble floor for the kitchen -the interior is often impractical, the stairs are weird -cute house

Doolittle House, Joshua Tree, Kendrick Bangs Kellogg

Postmodernism, Late Modernism -he had a hard on for frank lloyd wright -also interested by environmental movement -he designs buildings that are really incorporate with nature, very sensitive to its surroundings -close to Joshua Tree -they bought 10 acres next to nature preserve -wanted to built something that doesn't change the environment and looks like it belongs there -these cantilevered forms that stick out -it is a closed space though it doesn't look like it -lots of natural rock -bathed concrete in molasses to make it warmer -people who lived here were artists, they lived here for 20 years -the plumbing is standard, but everything in the house is hand crafted -boulder from the site in the house -building is kind of on 5 levels, but it all flows -wooden swirling form that flows through dining area, some of the tables come off the swirls damn -some features look like fossilized ferns or bones -this is my favorite house I've seen so far, i will take it thank you.

Gehry House, Santa Monica, Frank Gehry

Postmodernism, Late Modernism -house he built for himself in santa monica -he was interested in buildings that were under construction, not so much the finished product -style of decontructivism. You deconstruct the traditional elements of a building -im not really paying attention rn but there are a a lot of weird things going on , something about a batting cage and a ghost of cubism so take not of that -the inside is cute tho -studs are shown in the wood, making it look unfinished or raw

Team Disney Corporate Headquarters, Burbank, Graves

Postmodernism, Late Modernism -post modernism, embrace the past, but have some fun -its cartoonish -the basic forms are a play on the pantheon. Also idea of the greek carotic pillars holding up the roof with the dwarfs -

Phillips Exeter Library, Louis Kahn

Postmodernism, Late Modernism -very famous architect: -he went to an old fashion school where the still taught old styles -he was given the Rome Prize, so he was sent to Rome to study architecture for a year, and he absorbed all the good good pizza style of architecture -he thinks schools and libraries should be buildings built with careful consideration for the needs of the people, and are helpful and beautiful and they aid in learning. -most of the buildings here are old fashioned -all made of brick and wood -this building is made of brick, he used irregular bricks so they dont look new. Some are over fired, some are different shades -the walls don't connect at the corners of the building -looks like a five story building, but is actually an eight story building -the interior is open in the center all the way to the roof, where there is an atrium -contrast between concrete and natural wood -the concrete shows how it was formed, showing where the slabs were connected and the holes left by the pipes, but its very intentional and careful in what he shows -there are group spaces, and the spaces for books, but also little private spaces to read by the windows for natural light -

Portland Oregon park sequence by Lawrence Halprin

Postmodernism, Late Modernism -water flows around walkways and slabs the second Square: -large trees for shade in summer -refuge surrounded by big modern buildings -Huge fountain over 20 feet high, supposed to imitate mountains and canyons -

Louvre Pyramid, Paris, Pei, 1983-89

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum -Chines American won contest to design museum here, he built it underground the plaza -idea was to make something that contrasts with the old building.The pyramid is an ancient form, also its glass so it doesn't block your view too much -tried to keep the frame as light as possible -looks sexy at night -

Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Kahn

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum -Kahn would enter competitions but always loose, his models usually don't show off the same flashiness as others -Kimbell had a private art collection, wanted to display -6 barrel vaults in 3 rows -he is thinking of the museum as a store house, but modern and updated -the first barrel vault is empty, forms a porch where people can sit. He said its anticipating the look of the building in ruins Interior: -very subdued colors -vault is split apart down the middle, filled with a clear material. -natural lighting fixtures that are made of aluminum that filters some light, but the majority of the light is reflected onto the dome to light the room? -walls made from travertine -the building doesn't overwhelm the art -not flashy, but thoughtful SO EXAMPLE OF BUILDING THAT WAS BUILT WITH THE FUNCTION IN MIND OVER THE LOOK

Guggenheim Museum

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum -competitions for who gets to build the museum, often times the design is not complementary to the function -Large event building designed by FLW, mans died before it was finished -guggenheim's grandpa was an immigrant, made a fortune in mines. -lots of abstract expressionism and modern art was collected by the Gugg couple -in manhattan, surrounded by skyscrapers -FLW always interested in organic forms, this one is a helix -open and flowing, both horizontal and vertically -the whole thing is roofed with a low dome/skylight because natural light is always the best -building this was really difficult, the person who figured it out was the mans who built freeways and parking garages -concrete with a lot of steel reinforcement -spiral walls made from bent plywood that was coated with a concrete mixture -unlike regular museums where the order of the exhibit is unclear with the layout, this place is very ordered and clear with its theme because it's linear -because the floors slope, anything framed looks kinda crooked -Room tends to condensate and moisture can run down the walls -majority of the visitors come just for the building, not the contents of the museum SO EXAMPLE OF BUILDING THAT WAS BUILT FOR LOOKS NOT FOR THE ART INSIDE

Museum of Roman Art, Merida, Moneo

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum -wanted a museum for roman art -not tall or overwhelming, fits in with the city today -series of big brick arches with lots of natural light -creating an environment where art really shines -underneath the museum, there is the "crypt", where you can see the base of ruins -building meant to complement art specifically SO EXAMPLE OF BUILDING THAT COMPLIMENTS THE SPECIFIC ART THAT WILL BE DISPLAYED

Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris, Rogers and Piano

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum -Pompidou was president of France at the time, wanted to reinforce the notion that Paris was the center of culture -He didn't wasn't something pretentious, wanted a department store for culture -6 stories high -compared to a cartoon industrial factory -structure is completly revealed, like a building that's inside out -pipes all color coated -because it's tall and open at the top, you can see a lot of paris from top, lots of people just went for the view so they made you buy a ticket -i think its ugly, but it was a good landmark when i got lost there. there was a mcdonalds pretty close to it, it had french things it was cool

MuCEM, Marseilles, Ricciotti

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum: AHHHHHH LAST ONE WOOOOOOO -in baguette town -a museum for the civilization if Europe and the Mediterranean, ya know like gyros and dates -in a port town -museum faces the Mediterranean -celebrating the different cultures of the Mediterranean -Italian-Algerian architect -the dude hates minimalism, mad disses it - the exterior is made of concrete latices with different patterns. Include fiberoptic threads that I'm sure do something -oh damn inside is cool -sun-breaks pattern in the wall kind of make cool pattern on the floor -hella pretty at night, kinda looks like scales or sardines haha def my first thought -big bridge extending off of it

Neue Staatsgalerie, Stuttgart, Stirling

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum: - located right on a big multi lane highway which sucks -held a contest for building, winner was a British architect. -possibly influenced by the pompidou -on a series of terraces, moving up the hillside -most of the front is layers in this gold sandstone -supposed to recall certain buildings in Italy, like those colored stripes of stone -the molding for the windows is egyptian -ramps going up the hill -center building has a rotunda that was modeled after the pantheon -circular room open roofed with a ramp spiraling up -combination of old and new -

Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Gehr

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum: -a satellite museum of the Guggenheim, located in spain -blibao was chosen as the location because of the steel. It was an industrial area and kinda polluted, so they wanted to bring some life and yours to the area. -its places along the river -this defies what a building should look like. Looks unstable is some parts, not symmetrical, not the same view from other angles -very dramatic sweeping forms -its made of metal coated with titanium, which is very expensive. Not only does it look good but titanium is very durable and weather resistant -they used a computer program that was designed for aerospace to design the building -it was really difficult to build -the inside is equally complex and organic -very expensive to build, the beams had to be custom made since they are different length and curves -plumbing and ventilation was hard to install with the curved walls -building that people go to see the building. 70 percent just wasn't to see the building, not the art -great success in generating revenue, it saved the city with that big monies -one of the theories about the titanium is that you can't graffiti it, it won't stick. HOWEVER THANKS TO WOODS, there is a way to graffiti if you have a battery , aluminum foil, and diet coke so lets get on that rn.

L'Hemisferic, Valencia, Calatrava

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum: -in valencia in spain, old town -wanted to invest in exciting building to restore economy in area -architect is very local, grew up outside valencia -on an old river bed, series of buildings for centers of arts and sciences -multiple museums Planitarium: - glass shell shaped "dome?" made from lightweight aluminum and glass. -when the dome is lit you can see like a whole clean reflection in the water, very pretty -the buildings here are a mix of success, the planetarium was successful

Rose Planetarium, New York City, Polshek and Schliemann

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum: -its on central park -original was in bad repair, out of date, rundown, so they decided to rebuild it in a way that will make science excited for people -they got a rich couple to donate most of the money, Rose donated a lot so it was named after him -its a glass cube with something like a sphere that looks like its floating inside -architects claims inspiration was the cenotaph for issac newton -the glass box is really clear bright glass. Usually glass has a little green tint. This glass is called "white water" glass and its super clear -steel frames sit behind the glass -"spider joints" kinda like small connectors tied with that strong yacht cable thing to keep it strong -underneath the sphere there is exhibition space -ther are stairs that wind up into the planitarium -the exhibits here are supposed to record the history of the universe -it looks really beautiful from the outside

Jewish Museum, Berlin, Libeskind

Postmodernism, Late Modernism, etc.: The Museum: -looks slashed apart and covered in metal, but different field than the Gehr building -built to celebrate anniversary of something Jewish - original building display jewish art and artifacts, but only lasted 5 years and was destroyed. This building is meant to commemorate or restore that -contest held to build it -exterior is zinc, which kind of look more dull than the shiny titanium buildings -the windows look like arbitrary slashes on the face of the building -you can walk all the way around, and there is no street entrance -to enter it, you go through the building next to it, it s a baroque courthouse -you go in the building and get a ticket to head downstairs underground to the other building -two paths, one to the main building and the other to a garden, but tis like about exile or something dark idk -hey you reading this later when your studying, you got this -48 of the pillars represent -line of voids: voids that go from floor to ceiling. You can sometimes look down and see. -people were interested in it when it opened, interested in the space -first couple of years it was open there were no exhibits on display, people just went for the building - the shape is a star of david that has been dismembered

County Administration Center

San Diego from the 1920's to the New Deal

San Diego Trust and Savings, (Templeton Johnson),

San Diego from the 1920's to the New Deal - Chicago style and originally a bank - Johnson went to Paris and studied Bozart school - Big arches along base at street level - Some capitals on some of the columns as you go up - Doorway has different patterns that frame it - Interior is very grand and has luxurious materials on the walls - Has giant order pilasters - Has a gallery with nice columns and painting on the roof which is exotic and beautiful

Samuel I. Fox Building, (Templeton Johnson

San Diego from the 1920's to the New Deal - Originally a department store that specialized in men's clothing and big windows - roof is red tile - beams are all painted - All the decoration and style is cheriguisque?? or Spanish colonial style - (like in balboa park) Has lions on the top of columns because the department store was called Lion's

San Diego State University

San Diego from the 1920's to the New Deal -originally meant to educate women, teachers -not a high education place, meant for elementary teachers -grand neoclassical original building, was torn down -once president Hardy came around, he thought there should be more education, more enrichments like sports and theater -They buy 125 acres in 1928, overlooking mission valley -they build an attractive school based on a mixture of Spanish mission revival and such -all the buildings are concrete, walls made to look like adobe -some of the details: concrete ribs arches interesting, spanish tilework -hardy tower, fake bell tower, actually a water tower cause they were in a kinda barren area -outdoor kinda based on cloisters with arches -first graduating class-90 students -WPA project to build a stadium: five years to complete -first college outdoor stadium in california, for concerts and football. was recognized nationally as a historic building, but school had asked for that historical classifaciatin to be revoked because they wanted more sophisticated stadium (aztec arena). They poured cement all over the field and put the stadium on top, keep the stairs tho.

Ford Building/Aerospace Museum

San Diego from the 1920's to the New Deal -supposed to look like two gears, tower is taller and looks like you could turn the building -streamline-moderne style -There was a fountain to celebrate the V8 engine she didn't talk about this one much

New Mexico Building (Rapp)

Spanish Colonial Style: Panama-California Exposition Was a building in the park that was based on the Spanish Mission. - Very plain with buildings that were thickie and taper towards the top.

California Building/Museum of Man, Bertram Goodhue

Spanish Colonial Style: Panama-California Exposition (Late to class) -brought in Goodhue as architect -he was known for spanish revival style, little more ornate that mission revival -Goodhue was well-known, published book on arch. Traveled to mexico, Iran, etc. -Different than Irving Gill ( he made simpler houses and decorated with landscaping) Arch: -top male figures represent the atlantic and pacific, panama canal connects both oceans -building is a fanciful Spanish city on a hill -drawing from Mexican tradition building as reference, very ornate tradition in a spanish-baroque stlye -the decoration on the towers and doorway has twisting columns, very baroque where architectural elements don't always make sense California Building: -domes are covered in tile, starburst patterns, elaborate towers -front door facade was focus of decoration -columns more narrow at bottom, very ornate, doesn't make sense just pretty -most of the buildings built for the expositions were temporary, but this was the exception. Was built more durable -originally there was a long "road" leading past the building, not for driving just for walkway, line with trees -there were drivable little car things made of wicker basket material -lots of buildings around this were not built to last, literally facades plastered/nailed to the wall -plateresque style, like university of Salamanca. Grid with flowing decorations, niches with statues, very spanish style

Santa Fe Depot, (Bakewell and Brown)

Spanish Colonial Style: Panama-California Exposition - goes back to spanish history of New Mexico, like the adobe houses and vicas (branches that stick out of walls) -walls meant to look like adobe, there are modern vicas, based on NM style -meant to attract visitors, near the railroad -a little more mission revival than spanish because it's not as ornate, at little more simple -inside has big arches going across, redwood between them -beautiful tile along the walls, color scheme and patterns similar to the Islamic-Spanish styles -attracted millions of people

Botanical Building, (Winslow)

Spanish Colonial Style: Panama-California Exposition -like the greenhouses from industrialization that had iron frames and glass -don't need greenhouses in San Diego (we have that good good climate), so just for fun -no glass, open -a true greenhouse would just fry the plant, just for show - many of the gardens go back to spanish gardens like from Alhambra

Kensington and Talmadge neighborhoods

Spanish Colonial Style: Panama-California Exposition -spanish eclectic houses seen all over towns -people embracing idea that spanish style was part of our history -can live outdoors so balconies and gardens -some modest neighborhoods -wall are usually really rough, to look like adobe or hand stuccoed

Theme Building, LAX, Pereira and Luckman

The Automobile and the Space Age: -Two arcitects , pereira the main, he started as an art director? Googie style coffee shops and car washes, 1950's- mid-'60's -Googie = the jetsons? -Bright colors, sweeping roof line, eye catching -Dingbat apt houses, early 60s -Dingbat = a weird typographic element? -Cheesy colors and a weird star or something -They don't make them anymore because

Wigwam Hotel, Route 66, Rialto CA

The Automobile and the Space Age: -oh so many cars now, we need freeways now because people are fleeing to the suburbs from city centers -now that everyone is driving around, peoples relationship to buildings change. Now you're zipping by on the freeway instead of walking around, so certain architectural forms just don't stand out anymore. -need more money grabbing architecture for cars that pass by fast -need car washes, gas stations, parking lots -one of the new types of buildings is the Motel=hotel+motor -motels designed with people with cars, drive right up to door, doors face road, one long building -some motels were designed to grab attention, this one is on the historic route 66 -originally called WigWam villages, for people out on vacation, "ooh i wanna sleep in a tepee!" -"programatic" architecture- something strange an eye-catching to grab attention of people driving by

4-D Utility Unit (the Dymaxion House), Buckminster Fuller

The Automobile and the Space Age: -thought he could create affordable new housing from -Dynamic+ maximum= dymaxion -house out of aluminum, with a central mast -house was meant to be inflatable, would need a generator to keep house filled -mass produced units -ideally, would have a zeppelin that would drop bombs to make a crater for you to build houses -these were never built, all visionary -was meant to have a bunch of futuristic technologies, like vacuum toothbrushes -

Googie style coffee shops and car washes

The Automobile and the Space Age: -"googie" was the name of a diner in LA called googie -kinda coffee shop, gas station, movie theater style -googie architecture has these large forms to grab attention -says something about the time period it was made

Trans World Airlines Terminal, JFK Airport, NYC, Saarinen

The Automobile and the Space Age: -architect famous fro building that giant arch in St louis -this was built around the time when flying was slowly becoming more affordable or popular -things were being done to incentivize people to fly more -at the time, they wanted to build a terminal for each airline -idea was to make flight exciting, so the building has these reinforced concrete vaults that express the idea of flight -building is like a work of sculpture -concrete poured on the site - front is a huge glass window, really exciting to see inside -building has sweeping concrete forms that no one has really seen before -very curving and sweeping forms, so normal furniture would have stood out too much so he had to design all the furniture -style could be "expressionism" cause form expresses its function -

Jack-in-the-Box restaurants, Russell Forester

The Automobile and the Space Age: -beginning of drive thru age -meant to be seen from a distance -first one was built by famous important architect, studied at chicago institute of design -very modern, just a cube but combines fun shapes and lights -not even a building, more like a machine -two employees, one person takes orders and one cooks -some of these you could park and have the food brought to you -

Chemosphere, Los Angeles, John Lautner

The Automobile and the Space Age: -by a really important architect who worked under frank lloyd wright -lautner was sent here to build shit, he never went home cause he liked it -on the north side of the hollywood hills -building supported in concrete core, all the water and air would have to run up from inside -foundation built into the cliff -would have to to take little trolly path thing from the street to get to house -the inside has lots of beautiful wood, possibly influenced by Wright -fireplace anchored in the center -all glass windows -lots of built in furniture, facing out for the view -when it was built, was considered most modern house in the world -was rented out for awhile, eventually purchased by a rich mans, is trying to restore it -very expensive house to keep up, the systems are not accessible -there was this confidence in flight and space travel during this time

beep boop bop

goes my brain when i try to learn all these things