Art Appreciation Final Exam
St. Teresa in Ecstasy is a fine example of Bernini's talent in a. sculpture. b. All these answers are correct. c. painting. d. lighting. e. architecture.
a.
Subtractive processes include a. carving. b. assembling. c. modeling. d. casting. e. modeling and assembling only.
a.
Slab construction and coiling are techniques used in a. ceramics. b. glassmaking. c. woodworking. d. metal casting. e. tapestries.
a.
The Birth of Venus was painted by a. Michelangelo b. Leonardo da Vinci c. Lorenzo Ghiberti d. Sandro Botticelli e. Raphael
d.
Paleolithic simply means a. "Old Stone Age." b. "ancient." c. "cave art." d. "before writing." e. "of unknown origin."
a.
A ________ is a designer's blueprint for a work such as a book or magazine. a. layout b. lithograph c. symbol d. logo e. None of these answers is correct.
a.
A full-size drawing used for painting projects is called a a. cartoon b. collage c. mosaic. d. transfer e. ground.
a.
A work of art that is made in three panels is called a. a triptych. b. a tripart. c. a tribune. d. a sarcophagus. e. a trefoil.
a.
Art that physically moves, such as Alexander Calder's mobiles, is called ________ art. a. kinetic b. value c. sequential d. time-and-space e. perspective
a.
Artist Jeff Wall's "A Sudden Gust of Wind" is an example of "Art behind the art" which is a photographic reconstruction of a painting by ____________. a. Hokusai b. Picasso c. Rembrandt d. van Gogh e. None of these answers is correct.
a.
Byzantine churches, such as San Vitale, had much of their interiors decorated with a. mosaics. b. colorful encaustic designs. c. illuminated manuscripts. d. animal-style imagery. e. decorative glazed blue tile.
a.
Emotion, energy, and movement are characteristics of a. Italian Baroque art. b. Italian Renaissance art. c. both Italian Renaissance and Italian Baroque art. d. None of these answers is correct. e. Neoclassical art.
a.
For encaustic, the medium or binder is made of a. hot wax. b. gouache. c. egg yolk. d. fresh plaster. e. cow's milk.
a.
Jim Hodges' Every Touch is composed of a. petals of artificial flowers. b. discarded furniture. c. rabbit pelts. d. automobile parts. e. television monitors.
a.
Michelangelo considered the field of ________ to be his foremost specialty. a. sculpture b. painting c. engineering d. music e. architecture
a.
Of what artist was it said, "At last! A woman on paper!"? a. Georgia O'Keeffe b. Frida Kahlo c. Lorna Simpson d. Annette Messager e. Mary Cassatt
a.
The Vietnam Veterans Memorial was designed by a. a young college student. b. a collaborative group of artists. c. an anti-war activist. d. a veteran of the Vietnam War. e. a respected architect.
a.
The ancient cultures that we are able to examine most fully are those in which a. the art has been found or preserved. b. None of these answers is correct. c. the most art was made. d. the best art was made. e. all of these are the case: the best and most art was made, and that art has been found or preserved.
a.
The broken string on the lute in Hans Holbein's The Ambassadors represents a. dischord b. religious unity c. the nobility d. the peasantry e. the clergy
a.
The following factors have contributed to the influence of graphic design except a. the rise of Nazism in thirties Germany. b. the Industrial Revolution. c. the invention of the printing press. d. the 20th-century revolution in travel and communication. e. the growth of international commerce.
a.
The objects found at the Sutton Hoo burial site in Great Britain are typical of the a. animal style. b. Northwestern style. c. Gothic style. d. Romanesque style. e. Carolingian style.
a.
The restoration of Leonardo da Vinci's Last Supper a. All these answers are correct. b. was undertaken to determine what paint was put on by da Vinci himself. c. was required because in earlier restorations, much of it was painted over. d. was necessary because Leonardo used an experimental painting technique. e. left blank areas that were then filled in by pale, removable watercolor.
a.
The strange and artificial sense of form and space in 16th-century Italian painting is typical of a. Mannerism. b. courtly affectations. c. the Classical revival. d. the High Renaissance. e. the quattrocento style.
a.
The three great artistic centers of Italian art during the Renaissance were a. Venice, Rome, and Florence. b. Rome, Siena, and Naples. c. Pompeii, Naples, and Sicily. d. Florence, Umbria, and Capri. e. Genoa, Milan, and Pisa.
a.
What event prompted Pablo Picasso to create the painting Guernica? a. the devastation of a Spanish city by Nazi bombers b. a bombing raid on Paris during World War II c. the Holocaust d. a newspaper story about a bullfight e. the world premiere of Salvador Dali's Surrealist film by the same name
a.
Which ancient Roman's writings on architecture related the human body to geometric shapes? a. Vitruvius b. Vespasian c. Augustus d. Livy e. Marcus Aurelius
a.
Which of the following are not among the principles of design? a. texture and color b. unity and variety c. balance and rhythm d. emphasis and focal point e. proportion and scale
a.
Which of the following is a Neoclassical artist? a. Jacques-Louis David b. Jean-Honoré Fragonard c. Judith Leyster d. Diego Velázquez e. Rembrandt van Rijn
a.
Although no definite line separate crafts from other art objects, one helpful distinction is that a. crafts tend to be machine-made rather than handmade. b. the objects were originally meant to be used. c. crafts are, by and large, newer forms than most other art objects. d. crafts tend to be less utilitarian than most "fine art" objects. e. not as much skill is required in the making of crafts.
b.
Applying water-diluted ink to a drawing surface with a brush creates a. an aquatint. b. a wash. c. an afterimage. d. None of these answers is correct. e. an implied line.
b.
Before the discovery of the Chauvet cave paintings, the oldest known paintings in Europe were a. the rock paintings of Tassili n'Agier. b. the cave paintings of Lascaux. c. the Egyptian tomb paintings. d. the fresco paintings of Pompeii. e. the funeral portraits of Artemidroros from Fayum.
b.
Carousing Couple is an example of a. genre painting. b. all of these: a work by Judith Leyster, genre painting, and Dutch Baroque art. c. None of these answers is correct. d. a work by Judith Leyster. e. Dutch Baroque art.
b.
Gothic architecture typically incorporated a. massive walls and brightly painted frescoes. b. pointed arches and ribbed vaulted ceilings. c. corbelled domes and slender prayer towers. d. mosaic-covered central plans. e. round arches and tympanum sculptures.
b.
How did Vincent van Gogh die? a. He contracted a fatal disease. b. He committed suicide. c. He was murdered. d. He died of old age. e. None of these answers is correct.
b.
In 1970, Robert Smithson arranged rock and earth in the Great Salt Lake in Utah, for an earthwork entitled a. Stone and Gravel Garden b. Spiral Jetty c. Hard Rock d. The Garden of Earthly Delights e. Earth Mound
b.
In traditional African sculpture, the human figure most often represents a. kings. b. spirits. c. pharaohs. d. heroes and heroines. e. village elders.
b.
Menkaure, Khafre, and Khufu are the names of a. Akbar's most famous court painters. b. pharaohs. c. Buddhist statues destroyed by the Taliban in 2001. d. nature spirits of the Bwa people. e. three great temples in Tibet.
b.
Pastel is made up of a. ultrafine particles of pigment suspended in water. b. pigment bound with a non-greasy binder. c. powdered pigment and a waxy binder. d. charred willow twigs. e. a soft, white limestone.
b.
Running Fence, Surrounded Islands, and The Gates are just a few of the works created by a. Richard Hunt. b. Christo and Jeanne-Claude. c. Jeff Koons. d. Louise Bourgeois. e. Robert Smithson and Nancy Graves.
b.
Scale is defined as a. the size relation of parts to the whole. b. the size relation of one object to a standard size. c. color's relation to value. d. the interplay of all of these: the color's relation to value, the size relation of one object to another, and the size relation of parts to the whole. e. None of these answers is correct.
b.
The High Renaissance was a period from a. 1400-1500 b. 1500-1520 c. 1480-1500 d. 1500-1600 e. 1520-1550
b.
The Parthenon and the Modulor were both designed according to a ratio known as a. the silver mean. b. the golden rectangle. c. the central plan. d. the vanishing point. e. the true view.
b.
The Romans are best known for their a. bronze casting. b. architecture and engineering. c. death masks. d. stone carving. e. equestrian portraiture.
b.
The U.S. Department of Transportation commissioned the American Institute of Graphic Arts to a. All these answers are correct. b. develop a set of symbols that could communicate across language barriers. c. develop their logo. d. develop their trademark. e. develop their web page.
b.
The central interior space of the basilica-style church is called a a. clerestory. b. nave. c. capse. d. transept. e. narthex.
b.
The difference between Thomas Cole's The Oxbow and Wang Jian's White Clouds Over Xiao and Xiang a. None of these answers is correct. b. is that one explores the natural world and the other the world of fantasy. c. incorporates all of these: one explores the natural world and the other the world of fantasy; one is a photograph while the other is an etching; and one gives the viewer a fixed position while the other depicts a mobile view. d. is that one is a photograph while the other is an etching. e. One was created in the 20th century, and the other in the 10th century.
b.
The sculptor ________ is known for re-creating ordinary objects on an heroic scale. a. Ann Hamilton b. Claes Oldenburg c. Joseph Cornell d. Meta Warrick Fuller e. Eva Hesse
b.
The substance that holds the pigments together without dissolving them is the a. pigment. b. medium. c. support. d. glaze. e. solvent.
b.
The term "chiaroscuro" comes from Italian, and literally means a. organic shape. b. light/dark. c. rough texture. d. outlined form. e. a sense of movement.
b.
The term "trompe l'oeil" is French for a. light and dark. b. fool the eye. c. masterpiece. d. hidden symbols. e. standing figure.
b.
The two broad categories into which traditional drawing materials are typically divided are a. warm and cool. b. dry and liquid media. c. None of these answers is correct. d. high and low relief. e. soft and hard ground.
b.
The word Classical in the context of Western civilization refers to a. Aegean culture. b. ancient Greek and Roman culture. c. art that meets the highest standards of judgment. d. a late period in Roman history. e. all instrumental music.
b.
Which of the following media is the most common for drawings? a. pastel b. graphite pencil c. charcoal d. crayon e. pen and ink
b.
According to recent research, Stonehenge a. is a sun-worshipping monument. b. served as a calendar, measuring out the year. c. marks a graveyard and possibly a religious complex. d. was an amphitheater for public gatherings. e. is a relatively modern monument to the English monarchy.
c.
During the twentieth century, ________ were added to the visual elements used by artists. a. color and value b. rough and soft c. time and motion d. outline and contour e. shape and mass
c.
Gouache is a watercolor medium into which ________ has been added. a. glaze b. an encaustic c. an inert white pigment d. egg yolk e. a drying agent
c.
In Janine Antoni's Gnaw, two 600-pound cubes of which materials were gnawed on by the artist? a. chocolate and cheese b. chalk and beef c. chocolate and lard d. cheese and aluminum e. wax and soap
c.
In art, pigment is a. the basis for the range of colors available in crayons, pastels, chalks, and inks. b. a material that is ground from organic or chemical substances. c. all of these: the colored material mixed with a binder for drawing; a material ground from organic or chemical substances; and the basis for the range of colors available in crayons, pastels, chalks, and inks.. d. None of these answers is correct. e. the colored material that is mixed with a binder for drawing.
c.
In sculpture, the term contrapposto means that the figure is a. standing erect and formal. b. None of these answers is correct. c. posed with the weight of the body shifted onto one foot. d. posed counter to the emotion expressed. e. counterbalanced by an object.
c.
In the 15th century, the single-sheet ancestors of today's brochures and newspapers were called a. layouts. b. brands. c. broadsides. d. composites. e. lithographs.
c.
Louise Bourgeois's Red Room (Child) was made using the sculptural process of a. lost wax. b. carving. c. assembling. d. cire-perdue. e. modeling.
c.
Sculpture that is freestanding and completely finished on all sides is called a. high relief. b. kinetic. c. in the round. d. low relief. e. cast.
c.
Stained glass is made by a. firing the decorated piece in a kiln to achieve its final colors. b. laminating several layers of colored glass and carving away unwanted areas. c. cutting and piecing together bits of colored glass. d. painting a piece of glass in decorating patterns with oil paint. e. staining glass with a coating of dye in selected areas.
c.
Style, as defined by recurring characteristics found in art, can be classified in terms of a. school style. b. individual style. c. All these answers are correct. d. cultural style. e. period style.
c.
The 1600s and 1700s in Europe are often referred to as a. the Byzantine era. b. the Information Age. c. the Age of Kings. d. the Bronze Age. e. the Romantic era.
c.
The Athenian head of state ________ was responsible for the rebuilding of the Acropolis. a. Andokides b. Plato c. Perikles d. Alexander the Great e. Plutarch
c.
The Japanese artist Yayoi Kusamai's trademark motif is ________________ . a. none of the above b. silkscreen c. polka dots d. black and white e. cross-hatching
c.
The branch of philosophy that deals with natural and artistic beauty is a. emotionalism. b. naturalism. c. aesthetics. d. vanitas. e. abstraction.
c.
The definitions of form and content include that a. form is the way that art looks. b. content is what the work is about. c. form is the way that art looks; content is what the work is about. d. content is the way that art looks. e. form is the way that art looks; content is also the way that art looks.
c.
The design principle that is based on repetition is called a. It is known by all these terms. b. emphasis. c. rhythm. d. balance. e. focal point.
c.
The most common medium for oil paint is a. water. b. olive oil. c. linseed oil. d. tempera. e. encaustic.
c.
The oldest surviving set of laws from ancient Mesopotamia was recorded in a. the Book of the Dead. b. the Palette of King Narmer. c. Hammurabi's Code. d. Nebuchadnezzar's Code. e. The Epic of Gilgamesh.
c.
The shamanistic rites of the Navajo culture have provided inspiration to the artist a. Thomas Struth. b. Jan van Eyck. c. Joseph Beuys. d. Titian. e. Vasily Kandinsky.
c.
The use of ________ can be seen in the painting Madonna and Child with Saint Anne. a. allegory b. contrapposto c. sfumato d. Mannerism e. fresco
c.
The visual elements of art include all of the following except a. shape. b. color. c. style. d. light. e. line.
c.
The word Rococo has become synonymous with a. "stark and serious." b. "noble and profound." c. "extravagant and ornate." d. "subtle and understated." e. "mysterious and dark."
c.
Typeface refers to a. lines on a lithograph. b. the arrangement and appearance of printed letters. c. a style of type. d. the message conveyed by a successful design. e. trademarks and symbols.
c.
Which artist said "I chose the body as a subject...because it is the one form that we all share"? a. Magdalena Abakanowicz b. Deborah Butterfield c. Kiki Smith d. Henry Moore e. Michelangelo
c.
Which artistic role was fulfilled in Jahangir Receives a Cup from Khusrau? a. All these answers are correct. b. to create a place for some human purpose. c. to record and commemorate. d. to offer an innovative way of seeing. e. to give tangible form to the unknown.
c.
Which of the following is a Baroque artist? a. Jacques-Louis David b. Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun c. Rembrandt van Rijn d. John Singleton Copley e. Jean-Honoré Fragonard
c.
Which sculptor created Michael Jackson as a figurine on a monumental scale, a precious and fragile collectible? a. Mark di Suvero b. Andy Goldsworthy c. Jeff Koons d. David Smith e. Alexander Calder
c.
________ is an embroidery depicting the conquest of England by William of Normandy in 1066. a. The Reliquary of Sainte Foy b. The Isenheim Altarpiece c. The Bayeaux Tapestry d. The Ambulatory of Sainte Madeleine e. The autobiography of William of Normandy
c.
______________ involves identifying, describing, and interpreting subject matter in art. a. Content b. Form c. Iconography d. Context e. Style
c.
2-dimensional objects are said to have ____________, and 3-dimensional objects are said to have _____________ a. depth/shape b. mass/form c. depth/flatness d. shape/mass e. mass/shape
d.
A craft medium that does not require heat, but is susceptible to damage from heat and cold is a. glass b. none of the above c. ceramic d. wood e. metal
d.
According to the author, what distinguishes archaeology from grave robbing? a. the language we use to describe ancient finds b. None of these answers is correct. c. the passage of time d. all of these: the passage of time, the motives of the perpetrators, and the language we use to describe ancient finds e. the motives of the perpetrators
d.
An image of a sacred subject painted on a wood panel during the Byzantine era is referred to as a. a stained-glass window. b. a tapestry. c. a mosaic. d. an icon. e. an embroidery.
d.
Artists use charred wood in order to produce a. washes. b. brush and ink drawings. c. pigments. d. charcoal drawings. e. binders.
d.
As a visual element, the term "value" refers to a. a method in comparing two works of art. b. a 20th-century color theory. c. the appraised price of an art work. d. shades of light and dark. e. the result of spatial organization.
d.
Carpets, rugs, tapestries and clothing would fall into the category of _________ art. a. none of these are correct b. female c. ceramic d. fiber e. rustic
d.
Conceptual art as seen in the work of Felix Gonzales-Torres stresses that a. None of these answers is correct. b. real materials make art more real. c. feelings are best expressed with color and light. d. the idea is more important than the object. e. the art object is more important than the idea.
d.
Degas's The Singer In Green is a. a 19th-century artwork. b. a part of Degas's visual inventory. c. a dry-media drawing. d. All these answers are correct. e. a pastel drawing.
d.
Drawing attention to an area by contrasting dark and light is one way of demonstrating a. scale and proportion. b. None of the answers is correct. c. symmetry and asymmetry. d. emphasis and subordination. e. rhythm and texture.
d.
In a Romanesque church, the ________ is an aisle around the apse that helps to ease the excess flow of pilgrims through the church. a. apse b. nave c. narthex d. ambulatory e. scaffolding
d.
Picasso's painting First Communion would best be described as a. nonobjective. b. nonrepresentational. c. abstract. d. naturalistic. e. stylized.
d.
Popular in 17th-century Holland, subject matter that focused on scenes of everyday life is called a. life scenes. b. landscape. c. history. d. genre. e. still life.
d.
Since the Renaissance, Western societies differentiated between art and craft, as art a. is more useful to everyday life. b. None of these answers is correct. c. reflects shallow values. d. reveals imagination and genius. e. is better-made than crafts.
d.
The Great Sphinx at Giza is believed to be a. a natural phenomenon. b. a later Hellenistic sculpture. c. a protecting demon. d. an image of the pharaoh Khafre. e. an expert Roman recreation.
d.
The Renaissance was a. a rejection of all past artistic styles. b. an integration of Christian and Egyptian cultures. c. a resurrection of French courtly manners. d. a revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman ideals. e. a renewal of the methods and approaches
d.
The appreciation of a work of art can be enhanced greatly by knowing a. how it was made. b. its place in art history. c. None of these answers is correct. d. all of these: its place in art history, and how and why it was made. e. why it was made.
d.
The most celebrated frescoes of the 20th century were from a. Japan. b. the United States. c. France. d. Mexico. e. Italy.
d.
The principal ingredient of glass is a. coal b. quartz c. ash d. sand e. rock
d.
The works in this chapter by Valdés and Flack are examples of ________ paintings. a. genre b. historical c. landscape d. vanitas e. portrait
d.
To prepare the painting surface, an artist usually applies a a. medium. b. support. c. fresco. d. ground. e. gouache.
d.
Which medium involves drawing with a fine wire onto a coated surface? a. pen and ink b. pastel c. graphite d. metalpoint e. linocut
d.
Which of the following artists revived the traditions of fine pottery making among the Pueblo people? a. Frida Kahlo b. Dale Chihuly c. Betty Woodman d. María Martínez e. Magdalene Odundo
d.
Which of the following first allowed designers the means to communicate to a broad public and distribute a message widely? a. the telephone b. illuminated manuscripts c. the telegraph d. the printing press e. the radio
d.
Which of the following types of lines are used to create shading effects? a. outline b. angular edges c. horizontal lines d. hatching e. implied lines
d.
A standardized text logo is called a a. None of these answers is correct. b. brand name. c. graphic. d. typegraph. e. wordmark.
e.
Among the most famous of all 19th-century posters are those created by a. Albrecht Dürer. b. Norman Rockwell. c. Vladimir and Georgii Stenberg. d. Paul Rand. e. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec.
e.
Among the most pervasive symbols of our time are a. coats-of-arms. b. paintings. c. lithographs. d. the printing press. e. logos and trademarks.
e.
Artistic works in the animal style often contain ________ and images of abstracted animals. a. All these answers are correct. b. mosaics c. Romanesque elements d. stained glass e. interlace
e.
As a model for Christian churches, Roman architects used the standard ________ plan. a. Greek temple b. villa c. Roman temple d. mosque e. basilica
e.
Claude Monet belonged to a group of artists called a. the Expressionists. b. the Neoclassicists. c. the Romantics. d. the Futurists. e. the Impressionists.
e.
Eugène Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People commemorated a. the French Revolution of 1789. b. the American Revolution of 1776. c. All these answers are correct. d. the Russian Revolution of 1917. e. the French Revolution of 1830.
e.
Georgia O'Keeffe's Deer's Skull with Pedernal utilizes ________ balance. a. hierarchical b. optimal c. radial d. asymmetrical e. relieved symmetrical
e.
In Roman architecture, a basilica is a. a natural focal point for anyone entering a building. b. a mosaic installed on a temple wall. c. an underground burial chamber. d. a large private residence. e. a long, rectangular, multipurpose meeting hall.
e.
John Baldessari's "Six Colorful Inside Jobs" showcases _______ as art and art as ________. a. nature b. expression c. life d. freedom e. work
e.
Oil paint applied in very thin translucent layers is called a. an encaustic. b. a ground. c. a pigment. d. an impasto. e. a glaze.
e.
Painting with oils "all at once" in a spontaneous, single pass is known as a. gesture. b. layering. c. encaustic. d. a glaze. e. alla prima.
e.
Paper was invented in a. India. b. Spain. c. Egypt. d. Germany. e. China.
e.
Sculpture in which the subjects project very slightly from the background is called a. in the round. b. high relief. c. kinetic. d. assemblage. e. low relief.
e.
The Baroque painter credited with inventing the dramatic use of light and dark was a. Leyster. b. Gentileschi. c. Rubens. d. van Ruisdael. e. Caravaggio.
e.
The Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles is a prime example of design in the a. French Neoclassical style. b. French Rococo style. c. Flemish Baroque style. d. Flemish Neoclassical style. e. French Baroque style.
e.
The Parthenon was a temple built in the ________ style. a. Corinthian b. Ionic c. Cycladic d. Hellenistic e. Doric
e.
The additive process of sculpture includes a. assembling. b. casting. c. modeling. d. carving. e. modeling and assembling only.
e.
The emotional and dramatic Last Supper by Tintoretto reflects the artistic goals of a. All these answers are correct. b. the Protestant Reformation. c. the High Renaissance. d. neo-Platonic Humanism e. the Catholic Counter-Reformation.
e.
The largest structure of an ancient Sumerian city was the a. acropolis. b. palette. c. pyramid. d. kylix. e. ziggurat.
e.
The most famous emulsion for tempera paint is ________ as their preferred medium. a. wax b. acrylic c. water d. linseed oil e. egg yolk
e.
The oldest cave paintings known today were made around a. 3 million B.C.E. b. 3,000 B.C.E. c. None of these answers are correct d. 300 B.C.E. e. 30,000 B.C.E.
e.
The organization of visual elements in two-dimensional art is called a. taste. b. context. c. pictorial space. d. visual weight. e. composition.
e.
The role of art in relation to the sacred realm a. is not of great importance. b. is useful only in recording historical facts. c. is a modern invention. d. None of these answers is correct. e. has been with us since the earliest of times.
e.
The three physical properties of color are a. primary, secondary, and intermediate. b. None of these answers is correct. c. warm, cool, and neutral. d. tint, tone, and shade. e. hue, value, and intensity.
e.
Théodore Géricault's The Raft of the Medusa effectively used ________ lines to create tension. a. vertical b. horizontal c. parallel d. circular e. diagonal
e.
To "set type" means a. to package and deliver it to the client. b. to arrive at a final decision upon an advertising concept. c. to use a concept too often for it to be effective. d. thinking within certain stereotypes. e. to create and place it into position.
e.
Weaving is created with two interlaced sets of fibers that form a grid-like pattern called a. x and y axis. b. skeleton and skin. c. string and thread. d. positive and negative. e. warp and weft.
e.
Which characteristic helps define the art of 15th-century northern European artists? a. their accurate depiction of human anatomy b. None of these answers is correct. c. their scientific use of linear perspective d. Ties to the Classical past e. their precise rendering of details
e.
Which of the following types is a fine white clay fires at a very high temperature? a. terra cotta b. All of these fire at about the same temperature. c. stoneware d. earthenware e. porcelain
e.
Which of the following works of art was created with a charcoal drawing medium? a. Prince among Thieves with Flowers by Chris Ofili b. Cottage Among Trees by Rembrandt van Rijn c. The Singer In Greenr by Edgar Degas d. Cafe Concert by Georges Seurat e. Three Mile Island, Night I by Yvonne Jacquette
e.
________ involves heating a chunk of metal over a fire, then beating and shaping it with hammers. a. Casting b. Chasing c. Slab construction d. Carving e. Forging
e.
