Art B1 Art Appreciation
One of the oldest objects found in the cave in South Africa is a piece of ochre with patterned lines carved onto its sides.
Blombos
The Igbo people of present day Nigeria are known for their variety of art making practices, but for centuries have been known for their complex ___________ sculptures
Bronze
Early Jewish and Christian art was made in Roman __________ which were carved from the tufa stone underground.
Catacombs
Through the exploration of art and history we will see how art has:
Changed and evolved over time.
The Impressive Chavin temple _______ was built of stone, had many terraces and an estimated 2 Km of maze like tunnels running through the interior.
Chavin de Huantar
The Roman Pantheon used mold forms on the interior of the dome which reduced weight and created a visual pattern of squares referred to as:
Coffers
The Roman Empire's building innovations included the use of arches, domes, marble for decoration, with many of the architectural structures relying on the use of:
Concrete
The Early Jamon culture in Japan, received the name Jamon from the:
Cord patterns on their pottery
Stonehenge, in Southern England, is one of the most famous Megalithic sites in the world. The name comes from the term ________ which refers to the circular ditch common to these sites which used wood and/or stone as markers in the identifiable circular shape.
Henge
Carving Process
Uses tools to remove parts of the material to create details in the surface.
The Konpon Daito Pagoda is a unique red and white structure on a large Buddhist temple complex in
Japan
The palace at _________ is our greatest example of monumental stone built Minoan architecture.
Knossos
The early _____ people resided in present day Belize, Guatamala, and Mexico and by the middle Pre-Classic period (1000-400 BCE) were trading with the Olmec peoples of Vera Cruz area in Mexico.
Mayan
The ________________ culture artists made ceramic stirrup vessels, intricate metal work and temple pyrimids as large as 50 meters from 100-800 CE on the Peruvian coast of South America.
Moche
Many cultures use _________ to create images in their sacred spaces. This method uses colored glass, tile, and or pebbles glued to the surface to create patterns and/or recognizable imagery.
Mosaic
The Indus Valley civilizations used sophisticated planning and engineering to build cities and harness water in what is mostly present day:
Pakistan
The Eastern Mediterranean culture is known for their sea faring abilities, unique purple fabric dyes, among many other cultural advancements.
Phoenicians
The Mayan people resided Southeastern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize and parts of Honduras and El Salvador. In the late classic period the center of influence shifted to Chichin Itza in:
The Yucatan Peninsula
What are BCE and CE as dating codes?
They represent 'Before Common Era' and 'Common Era' as a means of removing the religious attachment of the old BC and AD.
A Song innovation that positively impacted Chinese art and education during the period was the:
movable type print press
The Incan people used a record keeping devise called a ______ which used knots on groups of strings in a base 10 counting system.
quipus
Although the Gupta period saw great expansion of science, education, and political stability, the majority of the art produced depicted ___________ imagery.
religious
One of the interesting parts of the Khmer Bayon Temple at Angkor Thom are the hundreds of:
sculpted faces
The three periods covered in the chapter are the:
1. Asuka 2. Nara 3. Heian
The Six Harmonies Pagoda built in 10th Century Song Dynasty, appears to have 13 stories when viewed from the exterior but actually has:
7 stories
What is art appreciation?
- Acquire the art methods and materials to discuss art verbally or by the written word. - Ability to identify the movements from ancient cultures to today's contemporary art. -Gaining the knowledge to understand the art.
Islamic art flourished as the religion spread from the 7th century. While architecture, ceramics and many other forms developed the chapter highlights:
- Tile Decoration -Book Creation -Calligraphy
Who are the three Mesopotamian cultures described in this chapter?
-Babylonian -Persian -Assyrian
Comparing and contrasting art works is a good way to?
-Learn about an art work. -See how different movements produce different styles. -See how artists do things differently.
Prehistoric cave paintings often used:
-Organic minerals -Ochre -Charcoal
At their height, the Khmer Empire controlled a large part of South East Asia. One of their most extensive architectural achievements was the stone temple:
Angkor Wat
Who can be called an artist?
Anyone creating something that represents themselves, their culture, the world around them, or any combination of these things.
The Longshan culture in China made many advancements from rammed earth building to early silk fabric production. Their wheel thrown pottery was particularly advanced with our texts examples of ________ and ________ showing the thing walls and smooth burnished surfaces.
Black Potter & Eggshell Pottery
"Prehistoric" refers to the period _________ written history.
Before
One of the most important innovations made by the Sumerians was their writing system called:
Cuneiform
The two Aegean cultures that produced art and thrived in the Ancient Greek islands are:
Cycladic & Minoan
The Yayoi people made functional and decorative pottery and bronze cast bells referred to as:
Dotaku
The ______ predated the Romans in Italy and built painted tombs for their dead to reside in for their afterlife.
Etruscans
Analyzing an art work using the formal elements and principals of design, is referred to as:
Formal Analysis
What are two specific terms used to describe and analyze art works:
Formal Elements and Principals of Design
Middle and New Kingdom Egyptian monumental architecture that has survived, served what purposes?
Funerary & Religious
The large earth work drawings of animals and lines made by the Nazca people on the coast of present day Peru are referred to as:
Geoglyphs
Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, France is one of the most ornamented structures in the world and stylistically represents the pinnacle of:
Gothic architecture
In the ________ sculpture examples we see, the sculptures capture emotions, psychology, and even movement in the details.
Greek Hellenistic
The Mahabohdi temple was built during the _____ in Indian and is an important Buddhist site.
Gupta Period
___________ is a religious structure built in the 6th century in Istanbul, Turkey that served as the seat of the Greek orthodox Church and also as a Mosque.
Hagia Sophia
The Olmec culture of present day Mexico produced huge stone sculptures of:
Human heads with hats/helmets
The Dome of the Rock, one of the oldest _______ structures in the world, is located in Jerusalem, Israel.
Islamic
The New Stone Age or the _______ period saw people transition from hunter gather societies, to farming, agriculture, and pottery production, writing and government development, and population growth in cities.
Neolithic
The ________ culture from West Africa made sophisticatedly stylized terra cotta heads, human, and sometimes animal forms as early as 700 BCE.
Nok
The most reliable form of dating prehistoric art is with:
Radiocarbon dating
In fig. 6.42 the terra cotta sculpture seems to be expressing a sense of:
Sadness or illness
the Chinese example of building and engineering is specific to water and one of the oldest dams in the world on the Yellow river is credited to the:
Shang and Zhou dynasties
Metal Casting Process
Starts with clay model, that is covered in layer of wax, before being covered in plaster or clay and then heated to remove the wax to allow molten metal to be poured in the resulting mold.
This South East Asian cave paintings have been reexamined to be one of the oldest in the world at 39,900 BCE.
Sulawesi Cave
The _________ was/were the main sacred temple in the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan which is now Mexico City.
Templo Mayor
Emperor Qin Shi Huang is considered the first to unify China and had thousands of ____________ warriors made and painted with the purpose of protecting him in the afterlife!
Terra Cotta
Egyptologists believe the low relief carvings on the Palette of King Narmer represent:
The unification of Upper and Lower Egypt
The Jamon structure at the Sannai-Murayama city center was how many stories tall?
Three
Archeological evidence shows that most prehistoric people lived in the caves they painted in.
True
Marble Process
Uses carving and other tool manipulation but specific to a hard stone material commonly used by the Greeks and Romans.
Modeling Process
Uses hands and tools to move materials into the desired form.
Many handheld sculptures of woman are commonly referred to as:
Venus figures
What are the three major colors used in cave art?
Yellow, Red, Black
Large rectangular Mesopotamian temples made of mud bricks with large rising staircases:
Ziggurat
The sacred Lalibella complex has eleven church structures all constructed by:
carved monolithic stone
