Art, Ch.1-5, Exam I

Museums became common in ____ during the nineteenth century.

Europe

Ancient Egypt had an ever-changing artistic style.

False

Art historians and art critics from different periods of time often have the same interpretations of the same works of art.

False

Art is always a serious endeavor and never functions as entertainment.

False

Artists always establish set standards for determining what is art within a culture.

False

Buttressing occurs when a straight row of arches are placed side by side.

False

Content and form are interchangeable in a work of art.

False

Due to an accelerated deadline, Michelangelo Buonarroti's "Sistine Ceiling" was largely painted by his workshop. Michelangelo was responsible for the finishing details.

False

Every culture, both past and present, has a word that corresponds to ours for art.

False

From an art historical perspective, drawing is one of the newest forms of art making.

False

Geodesic domes are a type of small dome used in early Roman residential architecture.

False

Most people who want to study art in the United States today study in a college or university.

False

Printmaking excludes any medium that can produce multiple copies of an image or a design.

False

Slip is an acid-resistant resin used to make aquatints.

False

Symbols are culturally determined and cannot be taught.

False

The treasures given by the last Aztec ruler, Moctezuma, to Spain during the conquest of the Aztecs were carefully preserved for future generations to study and appreciate.

False

Visual texture consists of physical surface variations that can be experienced by the sense of touch.

False

The ____ was most noted for its dome.

Pantheon

Art Academies, or schools providing systematized art instruction, are a relatively recent invention for training artists.

True

Ceramics are found in almost every culture, from ancient times to the present.

True

Contemporary art and popular culture often share the same images.

True

From the moment a work of art is made, its content is subject to change.

True

Gesso is a white, paint-like substance that is brushed onto paper or canvas to serve as a ground for painting or drawing.

True

Gesture lines are a type of line with an expressive character.

True

Gouache is a type of watercolor, which has Chinese white chalk added to it to create an opaque surface.

True

In ancient Rome, art was often displayed in public baths.

True

Persia's (Iran's) "kitab khana" are early examples of academie-like training for artists.

True

Rectangular glass-covered, boxlike buildings are examples of the International style in architecture.

True

Some contemporary artists use the craft of quilting as an art medium.

True

The most obvious factor in determining the content of a work of art is its subject matter.

True

Traditional Chinese paintings were not made from life, but from memory.

True

Unlike most printmaking processes, monoprinting is a type of printmaking that makes only one copy of an image.

True

Van Gogh was not a member of another stylistic group.

True

A subtext of Hopper's Nighthawks would be ____.

a sense of impending doom or entrapment

Another name for atmospheric perspective is ____ perspective.

aerial

Ornamentation in architecture usually functions symbolically or ____.

aesthetically

Art is kept by various cultures for the following reasons:

all

Art has several functions, including:

all of these choices

Ways of categorizing art include:

all of these choices

Intensity refers to a color's ____ or ____.

brightness or dullness

Eaves and ____ go together in construction.

cantilevers

Some of the oldest surviving paintings were made on ____.

clay vessels

An achromatic value scale doesn't utilize ____.

colors

Formal analysis is important because it is helpful in understanding the ____ of a work of art.

composition

An equestrian sculpture is one that includes a ____.

horse

According to ____, all art supports some particular political agenda, cultural structure, or economic/class hierarchy.

ideological criticism

The iconoclasts were known as:

image breakers

Structuralists believe that in order to understand a work of art, one must study the structure of art and the complex ____ of all its parts.

interrelationship

The content of a work of art refers to ____.

its meaning

The subtext in an artwork refers to ____.

its underlying theme or message

Persia's "kitab-khana" were ____ that made illuminated manuscripts.

libraries

Value in art refers to ____ and ____.

lightness and darkness

Except for very small sculptures, all cast sculptures are created using the ____ method of casting.

lost wax

A silverpoint drawing is ____.

made by using a thin stylus made of silver

While ____ was important to modernists, ____ is important to postmodernists.

painting/photography

Context refers to the social and ____ conditions that encompass a work of art.

political

Ideological criticism deals with a work of art's ____ significance.

political

Gerhard Richter's series of fifteen paintings entitled October 18, 1977 reflects ____ ideas.

poststructuralist

Craft refers to which of the following?

pottery

Recent innovations in structural systems include ____.

reinforced concrete

Brazilian born Thai artist Rirkrit Tiravanja created a stainless steel Ping-Pong Table called Untitled 2008 (the future will be chrome). This work is a good example of ____ because gallery-goers can play on it.

relational aesthetics

Rhythm in art is demonstrated by the ____ of one or more of the elements of art.

repetition

Horizontal lines mostly suggest ____.

rest

The pyramids of ancient Egypt served the purposes of the ____.

rulers

Leonardo felt that observation was central to ____ and art.

science

Tempera paint is often used to create ____.

sharp lines and details

The pyramids of Egypt are an example of art as a ____ activity.

social

The opposite of an artist working on a commission is an artist working on ____.

speculation

A marble sculpture made by cutting away stone is made in a ____ process.

subtractive

The surface or material that underlies a two-dimensional work of art is called the ____.

support

Generally speaking, architectural structures are practical, aesthetic, meaningful and ____.

symbolic

Post and lintel construction is shown by

the Parthenon

In a work of art, the word "composition" refers to ____.

the arrangement of the formal elements of art

What's missing in this definition of art? Art is primarily a ____ medium that is used to express our ideas about our human experience and the world around us.

visual

A(n) ____ print is an example of a relief print.

woodblock

Steel-frame construction has been likened to ____.

Skeleton

An example of a community artwork is the ____.

AIDS Memorial Quilt

____ sculptures are meant to be viewed from all sides.

Freestanding

____ is the first artist in recorded history and was associated with the concept of genius.

Imhotep

____ is a type of printmaking process which uses a slab of limestone or metal and oily crayons, pencils or liquid.

Lithography

In ____ printing, areas that are not to be printed are cut away from the printing surface, so the areas to be printed are left higher.

Relief

The view of an artist as a creative genius rather than a skilled worker began to form in Europe during the ____.

Renaissance

The ____ is an early type of photographic process.

daguerreotype

The various branches of art making activity, like painting or sculpture, are called ____.

disciplines

Pendentives and squinches are associated with ____.

domes

Psychoanalytic criticism helps to interpret artwork with strong ____ content.

emotional

In ancient Rome, ____ sculptures were seen as the ultimate symbol of imperial dignity and power.

equestrian

The components of an artwork include perception, response, creativity and ____.

expression

Load-bearing construction is usually characterized by

few openings in the walls

The first academy in Europe started in the ____ century.

fifteenth

The Tlaloc Vessel is frontal and symmetrical, which is symbolic of ____.

formality

In medieval Europe, specialized societies called ____ preserved technical information for artists and regulated art making.

guilds

Dona Schlesier's mixed-media piece Setting Cycles has a subject matter, which is ____.

the materials used to make the piece

Content is about a work of art's ____.

theme

In a work of art, content is conveyed primarily in three ways: through its symbolic references; through written materials and cultural context; and ____.

through the subject matter

The role of the art critic is ____.

to describe works of art and evaluate their significance