Art Exam #2

negative shape

shape defined by empty space, that is defined by surrounding values/colors

positive shape

shape defined by its surrounding empty space

focal point

specific part in an area of emphasis to which the viewers eye is drawn

content

subject matter or meaning, what we read in a work of art

iconography

symbols used to represent concepts of works of art (symbolism)

field

the area covered by a pattern

visual dissonance

the difficulty most of us have when confronted by fine art particularly unfamiliar/different objects and images

outline

the outermost line of an object or figure by which it is defined/bonded

contour

the outline that defines a form

figure ground/figure background reversal

the reversal of the relationship between one shape and its background so that the figure becomes background and the background becomes the figure

contex

the social, political, historical, physical, psychological environment of a work of art

shape

the two dimensional area and boundaries by which it is defined or bounded

2

there is rhythm in an artwork when it has at least this many point of reference

dada

this art movement, of which Hans Arp was a menmber, valued randomness, absurdity, and nonsence over rational or orderly patterns.

simple repeatitve

to communicate reassurance, architects might incorporate this rhythem in the design of the buildings

Putting common items in new situations

The performance artist Joseph Beuys conjured up different ways of thinking about our world by

proportions

The relationships between the sizes of different parts of a work make up its ___________.

the eye cannot compensate for its own movement

The shapes in Cataract 3 by Bridget Riley appear to move because ?

performance art

This type of art can only exist in one place and time in history.

Hierarchical

This type of scale is common in the relief sculpture of ancient Egypt, where it was used to indicate social importance.

Kinetic

This type of sculpture can move and change its visual form.

focal point

A bulls eye is to a target as __________ is to a work of art or design.

physically beautiful and emotionally compelling

According to Daniel Pink, how do businesses differentiate their offerings? By making them...

feels good, people positively inclined to do it take time and effort to doing it universality

According to Ellen Dissanayake, what three characteristics suggest art has an adaptive, biological component?

mobile

Alexander Calder invented the __________, a type of suspended, balanced sculpture that uses air currents to power its movement.

dreamlike

Dorthea Tanning's work Eine Kleine Nachtmusik uses deliberately distorted scale to create a/an_____________ atmosphere.

schema

Each of us views art through a personal prism or ______, by which we mean a dominant personality trait that interprets experiences.

false

True or false? Artists of the Renaissance and ancient Greece both created art using proportions based on the cubit.

calmness, passivity

What does horizontal line communicate?

excitement, danger, anger, chaos

What does shaply angled line communicate?

strength, energy

What does vertical line communicate?

Unity

What element describes the imposition of order and harmony on a design?

line, implied line, shape, implied shape, optical color

What elements can be used to creat emphasis and focal point?

visual

What system in the brain is older? visual or linguistic system

the illusion of motion

When an artist creates a work that deceives our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes, this is called __________.

from, iconography, contex

Who is content communicated through art?

viewers can anticipate

With simple repetitive rhythm a repeatinf pulse of similar elements sets up a visual rhythm that ______________.

style

a characteristic way in which an artist/group of artists uses visual language to give work an identifiable form of visual expression

sign

a command, it disciplines, is grasped all at once, less complicated, means one thing

actual line

a continuous uninterrupted line

motif

a design repeated as a unit in a pattern is called what?

contrast

a drastic difference between such elements such as color or value

plane

a flat surface

implied line

a line not actually drawn but suggested by elements in the work

line

a mark, or implied mark, between two endpoints

pattern

an arrangement of predicted repeated elements

concept, themes, ideas

Emphasis and focal point usually accentuate__________ the artists wants to express, they signal what the artwork is about

Contrast

In The Funeral of St. Bonaventure, the artist used the principle of _________ to create emphasis and focal point.

representational style

art that depicts figures and objects so that we recognize what's represented

non-objective style

art that doesnt depict a recognizable subject, viewer creates own interpretation, more objective, viewer has to bring more

idealized

art that represents objects as perfect in form or character corresponding to an ideal improving on nature

stylized

art that represents objects in an exaggerated way to emphasize certain aspects of the object

asymmetrical

In his work Six Persimmons, the thirteenth-century Chinese monk Muqi used different visual weights on each side of the composition. This is known as __________ balance.

Reinforce the message that life goes on

In the painting Landscape with the Fall of Icarus the artist intentionally diverted our attention away from the figure of Icarus to __________.

Growth

In their piece Workhouse Zoo, bioartists Adam Zaretsky and Julia Reodica spent a week living with an assortment of different organisms in a small "clean" room. The passage of time was marked by the ___________ and deterioration of these organic materials.

format

In two-dimensional art, this is the shape of the area in which an artist creates their work.

personal schema

dominant personality trait that helps interpret experiences

progressive

edward wilson revealed a natural example of _________ rhythm in his photograph titled ARTICHOKEprogressive

trompe-l'oeil

extream illusion to decieve the viewer, realer than realistic style

meaning, viewers, artists

for some theorists, _______ distinguishes art from any other types of creativity. Both ______ and ________ play roles in providing this.

principles

grammar applied to the elements of art

randomness

if you were to create an artwork by throwing open cans of paint over your shoulder onto a canvas behind you, this work would be an example of?

directional line

implied line within composition, leading the viewers eye from one element to the other

innate appreciation

instinctive appreciation, in born understanding, hard wired

vanitas

reminders of morality

true

true or false? even though our field of vision is fairly wide, at any given moment we can only focus our vision on a small area.

elements

vocabulary of art

preparation, motivation, individuals sensitivities, personal biases

what are the four conditions limiting aesthetic response?

shapes, colors, patterns, original forms

what aspects of perceiving art is shared by everyone?

motion, change

what does diagonlal line communicate?

bold, directivness

what does wide line communicate?

variety, contrast, unity

An artist creates an artwork made up of geometric and organic shapes, painted in light and dark values of blue. This artwork uses which of the following principles of art (consider all the principles introduced in this and the previously assigned chapters):

Intimacy

An artist might use a small scale for a portrait of a lover because it implies _______

diagonal lines

Bernini's sculpture of Apollo and Daphne is based on a mythological story in which a god pursues a nymph. The artist used _________________ and flowing drapery to convey the implied motion of the chase.

balance

The Swedish-born artist Claes Oldenburg uses this kind of scale in his sculptures to express admiration for the little things in everyday life.

monumental

The Swedish-born artist Claes Oldenburg uses this kind of scale in his sculptures to express admiration for the little things in everyday life.

the varied collection of shapes are arranged according to a grid pattern

The design of the quilt in figure 1.121 exhibits the principle of unity because:

acquired appreciation

learned appreciation, higher-order cognition, software, actual knowledge

symbol

means more thjan one thing, educates, meaning unfolds gradually, more complicated

canonic representation

memories that best represent that concept of class

feminist

mode of analyasis looking at role of women as artists subject

fomal

mode of analysis that consiters the elements and principles used by the artist

psychological

mode of analysis that consiters the mental state of the artist when work of art was made

contextual

mode of analysis that interprets the work based on the time and place when it was made, consiters historical, religious, political, economic, and social factors

biographical

mode of analysis that relates artists life and experiences, consiters: age, gender, class

iconographic

mode of analysis where you interpret signs and symbols within historical and religious refrences

subordination

opposite of emphasis

directed perception

perception based on ones history and knowledge

form

physical aspects of a work of art

pattern

recurrence of an art element