Art History I: UNIT 2 - Challenge 4: Romans and Etruscans

A portrait in which a subject is portrayed as unrealistically youthful and physically perfect is called a(n) __________ image. A.) portrait B.) idealized C.) individualized D.) bust E.) veristic

B.) idealized

A celebration of the experience and age of a person in Roman sculpture is known as the __________ style. A.) portrait B.) veristic C.) apotheosis D.) bust E.) idealized

B.) veristic

Select the option that is NOT a feature of Etruscan architecture. A.) Use of terracotta B.) Rounded arch C.) Peristyle garden D.) Barrel vault

C.) Peristyle garden

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Pantheon? A.) Oculus B.) Use of concrete C.) Pediment D.) Doric order

D.) Doric order

What similarities does one see in the Etruscan and Egyptian view of the afterlife? A.) Both place emphasis on the afterlife and seek to provide all of the earthly comforts of the home within a tomb. B.) Both believe that departed souls need to reside in a domestic space alongside the living. C.) Both place emphasis on the finality of the death of the physical body and the soul. D.) Both believe that departed souls spend most of eternity in a type of purgatory.

A.) Both place emphasis on the afterlife and seek to provide all of the earthly comforts of the home within a tomb.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Roman house? A.) Elaborate, decorated exterior B.) Atrium used for ancestral rituals C.) Focus toward the central courtyard D.) Use of murals and mosaics

A.) Elaborate, decorated exterior

What is the function of the Pantheon? A.) It is a temple dedicated to all of the gods. B.) It is a temple dedicated to Jupiter. C.) It is a public auditorium. D.) It is the meeting place of the Roman senate.

A.) It is a temple dedicated to all of the gods.

Which term, associated with Etruscan art and architecture, describes a coffin made of stone that is typically adorned with sculpture? A.) Sarcophagus B.) Podium C.) Archaic smile D.) Ridgepole

A.) Sarcophagus

Think about the overall layout and function of a Roman house. Select the statement that describes BOTH the atrium and the peristyle garden. A.) Space that is focused inward, protected from the noise and dust of the city B.) Location of family shrines with portrait busts C.) Decorated with flowers and plants D.) Formal space, location of worship

A.) Space that is focused inward, protected from the noise and dust of the city

What does this Etruscan sculpture reveal about the similarities between the Greeks and Etruscans? A.) The Greeks and Etruscans both displayed sculptures of deities on the roofs of their temples. B.) The Greeks and Etruscans only depicted female deities in their sculptures. C.) The Greeks and Etruscans both primarily used clay to create sculptures. D.) The Greeks and Etruscans both shared certain religious beliefs, including the appearance of some deities in human form.

D.) The Greeks and Etruscans both shared certain religious beliefs, including the appearance of some deities in human form.

How is the interior of the Pantheon illuminated? A.) With an open colonnade B.) With rosettes C.) With a clerestory D.) With an oculus

D.) With an oculus

In ancient Roman art, an emperor or deceased family member was sometimes portrayed as a god, instead of a mortal.The elevation of a person to the status of a god is known as __________. A.) Idealism B.) individualism C.) veristic style D.) portraiture E.) apotheosis

E.) apotheosis

Which two of the following statements are NOT true about architecture in the later Roman Empire? A.) The Basilica at Trier (Aula Palatina) was built by the Emperor Constantine to function as a place of Christian worship. B.) The Arch of Constantine is a good example of a triumphal arch, which commemorates the emperor's victory in battle. C.) Both the Arch of Titus and Trajan's column are notable for their use of relief sculpture to depict important events. D.) Trajan's column is considered to be a monument because it depicts the Emperor's victory over the Dacians. E.) The Arch of Titus contains a spiral frieze which gets wider toward the top so it is easy to read from ground level.

A.) The Basilica at Trier (Aula Palatina) was built by the Emperor Constantine to function as a place of Christian worship. E.) The Arch of Titus contains a spiral frieze which gets wider toward the top so it is easy to read from ground level.

Why did Roman emperors build large entertainment complexes like baths and amphitheaters? A.) To gain popularity amongst Roman citizens B.) To provide a place where Roman emperors and their families could enjoy solitude. C.) To give Roman citizens a way to contribute to the Empire by donating their labor. D.) To justify high taxes collected from Roman citizens

A.) To gain popularity amongst Roman citizens

Compare and contrast the Parthenon to the Pont du Gard. Select the option that is reflective of the Parthenon. A.) Made of concrete fill with stone veneer B.) Building material allows for great versatility, construction in remote locations C.) Post and lintel—can only span a short space D.) Rounded arch—can span much larger spaces

C.) Post and lintel—can only span a short space

Compare and contrast the Parthenon to Maison Carrée. Select the statement that is true of BOTH. A.) Set on a podium B.) Constructed out of marble C.) Deep portico D.) Corinthian order

B.) Constructed out of marble

What is the function of this structure? A.) It removes waste water from a city. B.) It carries water from its source into a city. C.) It is a lookout bridge for defensive protection. D.) It is a bridge to move people and goods over a steep valley.

B.) It carries water from its source into a city.

Which two of the following statements are NOT true about architecture in the later Roman Empire? A.) The Arch of Titus contains a large panel known as the Spoils of Jerusalem because it depicts the sacking of the temple in Jerusalem. B.) The Arch of Titus contains a frieze of sunken reliefs which portray the Emperor's victory in many battles. C.) The Arch of Constantine is not an example of a Roman monument because it does not commemorate an important event or person. D.) Roman monuments like the Arch of Constantine and Trajan's column sometimes incorporated spolia, or sculptural elements taken from a place that had been conquered. E.) Trajan's column contains a spiral frieze which gets wider toward the top of the column so it is easy to read from ground level.

B.) The Arch of Titus contains a frieze of sunken reliefs which portray the Emperor's victory in many battles. C.) The Arch of Constantine is not an example of a Roman monument because it does not commemorate an important event or person.

Which two of the following statements are true about architecture in the later Roman Empire? A.) A triumphal arch, like the Arch of Titus, was only used to commemorate civic events like the building of roads. B.) The use of spolia in monuments like the Arch of Constantine was considered to be a decline of form compared to earlier Roman architecture. C.) The Arch of Constantine depicts a military victory over the Dacians, and Trajan's column has a panel depicting the Spoils of Jerusalem. D.) Trajan's column contains a spiral frieze which gets narrower toward the top of the column, making it difficult to read. E.) The Basilica at Trier was a secular meeting hall which contained a triumphal arch at the apse.

B.) The use of spolia in monuments like the Arch of Constantine was considered to be a decline of form compared to earlier Roman architecture. E.) The Basilica at Trier was a secular meeting hall which contained a triumphal arch at the apse.

Compare and contrast the Parthenon to the Colosseum. Select the statement that is reflective of the Parthenon. A.) Required less skilled labor to build B.) Built with concrete C.) Decorated with elaborate frieze sculptures D.) Built to gain popular approval

C.) Decorated with elaborate frieze sculptures

Select the statement that is FALSE regarding the use of concrete over other building materials. A.) It was less expensive than some other materials, which meant less skilled labor. B.) It was very plentiful, which allowed for it to be used in a variety of projects. C.) It is less durable than most other materials, but easier to work with. D.) It is stronger and more versatile than other materials available.

C.) It is less durable than most other materials, but easier to work with.

Which term describes a space of leisure and entertaining as shown in the image? A.) Impluvium B.) Atrium C.) Peristyle garden D.) Cubicula

C.) Peristyle garden

How did Etruscans influence Roman architecture? A.) The Etruscans relied heavily on clay as a building material for architectural structures, which the Romans adopted. B.) The Etruscans used wood in their temple construction, which the Romans also did. C.) The Etruscans developed the use of the rounded arch and barrel vault, which the Romans later used in architecture. D.) The Etruscans developed concrete to be used in construction, which the Romans borrowed for their own structures.

C.) The Etruscans developed the use of the rounded arch and barrel vault, which the Romans later used in architecture.

Which of the following architectural terms is NOT a trait associated with Etruscan temples? A.) Podium B.) Stucco C.) Ridgepole D.) Pediment sculptures

D.) Pediment sculptures