Art Revolution-Quiz5

Mannerism time period

1520-1610

Roman Classical characteristics

All followed the style taught in the Italian Art Schools Colors were rich, but less vivid than Baroque Images of Ancient Greece and Rome were always part of the background: Architecture (Pillars and columns), cherubs, Laurel Wreath Head-dressings, etc. Some emotions were portrayed, but these were subtle- real detail was still minimal

Roman Classical reasons

An attempt to recapture the values of Ancient Greece and Rome The style spread to literature where dramas conformed to the Three Classical Unities of Time, Place, and Action The style was designed to portray a new sense of calm during the period of the Scientific Revolution(church vs science) and secularism rising w/ religious war

Baroque reasons

As secular power rose the church's power declined and as the Gentry class emerged the nobles(Hapsburgs) became less wealthy The wars of religion had reduced the amount of money available to royalty for personal use Baroque art was designed to make the aristocracy look richer to hide the political decline in the 17th century

Mannerism characteristics

Colors: grays, grayish flesh tones, abnormal shades Distortion of body parts (elongated fingers and toes) Violence and lack of symmetry Evidence of theatrical and disturbing qualities

Baroque time period

Early to mid 1600s

Mannerism artist

El Greco- The Greek- Domenikos Theopoulas Late 16th century artist He was a Greek living in Rome Commissioned by the Church to paint A His paintings showed distortions and violence the church got upset (other artists- Parmigiano and Michelangelo)

Baroque characteristics

Emotionless- not about showing the emotion of the person, but the wealth and status Style was ornate, vibrant colors, rich golds, reds, normal shades Light was used to draw you in to the picture At times the styles of the present were used in a background that represented the past Most concern was given to the background in attempt to empathize the signs of wealth (Lots of fabric, jewels, lace, feathers, dogs, horses, etc(these things were expensive to own) Style did not represent the reality of this age

Mannerism reasons

Grew out of the doubt of the Scientific Revolution A reaction to the church's rejection of the ideas at the time

Dutch Classical characteristics

Honest human emotion is present in faces that are uniquely different from each other Light was used to draw the viewer's attention to the subject of the painting Dark colors—Browns, blacks, tans, deep reds dominate the background—only the subject seen in the light. No uniformity of expression that was typical of the other artistic periods during the Scientific Revolution Faces were painted to show real aging process, and lines and wrinkles utilized to make subject as realistic as possible

4 styles of art that emerged during 16-17th century

Mannerism Baroque Roman Classical Dutch Classical

Dutch Classical time period

Mid to late 1600s

Roman Classical time period

Mid to late 1600s

Roman Classical artist

Nicolas Poussin From France-went to Italy to study Classical art style Unusual b/c he was a freelance painter- not commissioned by Church- not a court painter

Baroque artist

Peter Paul Rubens He was commissioned by the Hapsburgs during the decline Rubens makes the Hapsburgs look/appear wealthier than they actually are in his paintings Other artist- Velasquez-painted violent war scenes suggesting that not all war was glory

Dutch Classical artist

Rembrandt Often called the teacher of realism Adapted to the political and social environment of his time by emerging as a portrait and landscape artist for the merchant class He eventually developed a unique style that showed a fascination for human emotion and realistic expressions Rembrandt became known as the first Painter to use Realism His self-portraits have become a classic study of human aging and emotion

Dutch Classical reasons

The Dutch Netherlands just gained independence from the Spanish Habsburgs and became the first republic on mainland Europe There was no demand for court painters without a monarchy The Dutch Republic had also become Protestant (Calvinist), so there was now less demand for religious art The rising merchant class was gaining wealth, and had become the artist employer. Portraits commissioned by these "common people" had no political agenda