Art Test 2

Analogous color scheme

Colors that lie next to one another on the color wheel and share qualities of hue due to the mixture of adjacent hues; harmonious hues.

Warm color

Colors—reds, oranges, and yellows—that have the appearance of being warm and appear to advance toward the viewer. Contrast with cool colors.

Orthogonals

Composed of right angles

Low-key value range

Darker values/grays moving toward black on the value scale.

Impasto

Application of media such as oils and acrylics so that an actual texture is built up on a surface.

Kinetic art

Art that moves, such as the mobile.

Freestanding Sculpture

Sculpture that is carved or cast in the round. unconnected to any architectural member. which can be viewed from any of the 360° of vantage points achieved by walking around it in a circle. Free-standing sculpture can also be designed for a niche, in whose placement one's points of view are limited.

Visual texture

Simulated texture in a work of art; the use of line. color, and other visual elements to create the illusion of various textures in drawings and paintings.

Subversive texture

Texture that is chosen or created by the artist to foil or undermine our ideas about the objects that they depict.

Invented texture

Texture that makes no reference to real or actual texture.

Vantage point

The actual or apparent spot from which a viewer observes an object or picture.

Twisted perspective

The combination of different perspectives in a work; also known as composite view.

Composite view

The combination of different perspectives in a work; also known as twisted perspective.

Monochromatic color scheme

A color scheme that features one (mono) dominant hue (chroma). To avoid monotony, monochromatic schemes often include a range of tints and shades of a single color.

Cool color

A color such as a blue, green, or violet-which appears to be cool in temperature and tends to recede spatially behind warm colors.

Secondary color

A color that is derived from mixing pigments of primary colors in equal amounts. The secondary colors are orange (obtained by mixing red and yellow), violet (red and blue: and green (blue and yellow).

Primary color

A hue—red, blue, or yellow—that is, not obtained by mixing other hues. Other colors are derived from primary colors.

Atmospheric perspective

The creation of the illusion of depth through techniques such as texture gradient, brightness gradient, color saturation. and the use of warm and cool colors: an indistinct of hazy effect produced by distance and the illusion of distance in visual art. its name derives from recognition that the atmosphere between the viewer and the distant objects would cause the effect.

Stroboscopic motion

The creation of the illusion of movement by the presentation of a rapid progression of stationary images—such as the frames a motion picture.

Shade

The degree of darkness of a color, as determined by the extent of its mixture with black.

Intensity

The degree of purity of hue, as measured by its intensity or brightness. Brightness or dullness of a color. Synonymous with Saturation.

Saturation

The degree of purity of hue, as measured by its intensity or brightness. Synonymous with Intensity.

Value contrast

The degrees of difference between shades of gray.

Optical representation

The depiction of objects as they are actually seen from a single Vantage point.

Multiple perspectives

The depiction of objects or scenes from more than one vantage point, providing a broader picture than one could obtain from a single vantage point.

Local color

The hue of an object as created by the colors reflected by its surface under normal lighting conditions (contrast with optical color). Colors that are natural rather than symbolic for the objects they describe.

Pictorial space

The illusionary space that. by seeming to recede into the distance from the picture plane, provides a sense of depth in a two-dimensional composition.

Tint

The lightness of a color as determined by the extent of its mixture with white.

Value

The lightness or darkness of a color.

Actual motion

The passage of a body from one place to another. Contrast with implied motion.

Optical color

The perception of the color of an object. which may vary markedly according to atmospheric conditions. Contrast with local color.

Highlighting

The placement of patches of bright light in a composition.

Visible spectrum

The recreated colors of the rainbow by use of a prism which bends the light waves into a multicolored Spectrum that can be perceived by the eye.

Figure-ground relationship

The relationship between the part or parts of the work that are seen as what the artist intended to depict (the figure) and the other parts of the composition (the ground, or background).

Figure-ground reversal

The shifting of viewer perceptions such that what at one moment appears to be the figure in a composition becomes the ground (background), and vice versa.

Implied space

The space or depth suggested by an artist in a two-dimensional work.

Illusion of space

The suggestion of three dimensions on a two-dimensional surface.

Texture

The surface character of materials as experienced by the sense of touch.

Actual texture

The texture of an object or picture, as determined by the sense of touch. Contrast with visual texture.

Actual space

The three dimensions (height, width, and depth) in which we live.

Conceptual representation

The use of multiple perspectives to depict objects as they are known to be rather than as they are seen from a single vantage point.

Implied motion

The use of visual elements. composition, or content in a work of art to create the impression of the passage of time. Contrast with actual motion.

Texture gradient

The visual perception of nearby objects as distant objects; a method in two-dimensional works whereby the artist creates the illusion of depth by making objects designated as nearby more detailed in texture.

Complementary color scheme

Those specific pairs of colors (e.g., red and green) that most enhance one another by virtue of their simultaneous contrast. Each pair contains one primary color plus the secondary color made by mixing the other two primaries. Since the complements do not share characteristics of hue, and are as unlike as possible, they eye readily tells them apart. When complementary colors are placed next to one another, the effects are often jarring.

Value pattern

Variations in light and dark within a work of art and the ways in which they are arranged within a composition. Also applies to full—color works as well as works in black and white and can be low-contrast or high contrast.

Chromatic

With color

Achromatic

Without color.

Vanishing point

ln linear perspective, a point on the horizon where parallel lines appear to converge.

Horizon

ln linear perspective. the imaginary line (frequently, where the earth seems to meet the sky) along which converging lines meet Vanishing points are placed on the horizon.

Brightness gradient

A method of contributing to the illusion of depth in a two-dimensional work by rendering nearby objects as having greater intensity than distant objects.

Vertical positioning

A method of creating the illusion of space by placing objects designated as being farther from the viewer toward the upper end of the composition.

Color wheel

A method or organizing color relationships in a circle. Most widely used is a 12 point color wheel.

Trompe I'oeil

A painting or other art form that creates such a realistic image that the viewer may wonder whether it is real or illusionistic. A French phrase meaning fool the eye.

Linear perspective

A system or organizing space in two-dimensional media where in lines that are In reality parallel and horizontal are represented as diagonals converging at a point. The method is based on foreshortening; the space between the lines grows smaller until it disappears. Linear perspective is made possible by the fact that the images of objects grow smaller as the objects become more distant.

One-point perspective

A type of linear perspective in which a single vanishing point is placed on the horizon.

Two-point perspective

A type of linear perspective in which two vanishing points are placed on the horizon line.

Futurist

An early-twentieth century style that portrayed modern machines and the dynamic character of modern life and science.

Chroma

Color

Subjective color

Color that does not accurately reflect the visible reality of things. Artists use color to covey emotion and express inner feelings. Synonymous with arbitrary color.

Arbitrary color

Color that does not accurately reflect the visible reality of things. Artists use color to covey emotion and express inner feelings. Synonymous with subjective color.

Subtractive color

Color that is created by mixing pigments. All subsequent mixtures will be darker.

Hue

Color; the distinctive characteristics of a color that enables us to label it (as blue or green, for example) and to assign it a place in the visible spectrum.

Tertiary colors

Colors derived from mixing pigments or primary colors and the secondary colors that adjoin them on the color wheel.

Stopped time

In photography, an image that captures action in mid—movement by exposing the film very briefly.

Texture gradient

In two—dimensional media, the rendering of nearby objects as having more detailed, rougher surfaces than distant objects.

High-key value range

Light values / grays moving toward white on the value scale.

Transversals

Lines drawn parallel to the horizon lines.

Implied time

Passage of time as suggested by depiction of events that occur over time in a work of art Contrast with actual time.

Color schemes

Planned color combinations / arrangements in a composition which involve science and theory.