ART200: Test 2 Review

Size in relation to a standard or expected size is referred to as what?

Scale

Eugene Delacroix used the implied shape of what to unify and order his composition "Liberty Leading the People"

A triangle

A kinetic work of art does what?

Features one or more moving parts

What type of line conveys a calm/rest motion?

Horizontal line

An artist can use what to create an afterimage?

Saturated color to fatigue receptors in viewers' eyes, and then allow the eyes to rest

What are negative shapes in a work of art?

Shapes that make up the visual space surrounding figures

If a line is drawn down the center of a composition, and each side corresponds to the other, it is referred to as what?

Symmetrical balance

What is experienced through touch?

Texture

Leonardo da Vinci's "Study of Human Proportions According to Vitruvius" was intended to illustrate what?

The ancient idea of perfect human proportions

What is the most common drawing medium, consisting of graphite encased in wood?

The pencil

What is triadic color harmony?

The use of three colors equidistant on the color wheel

Which of the following are properties of color?

Value, hue, and intensity

Pale pink and dark maroon are different _____ of the same color, red.

Values

What is defined as any shape viewers detach and focus on within a composition?

A figure

The traced path of a moving point is the definition of what?

A line

What is any decorative, repetitive design called?

A pattern

What is the system of isometric perspective?

A system of diagonal lines that do not allow parallels to converge

Ink that is diluted with water and applied with a brush describes a technique known as what?

A wash

Characterized by a creamy consistency, and bound with wax and/or oil, the artist-quality equivalent of a crayon is called what?

An oil pastel

An open palette refers to an artists use of what?

An unrestricted selection of pigments

Aerial perspective is also known as what?

Atmospheric perspective

The substance that allows drawing media either to be bound together or suspended in fluid is called what?

Binder

In the context of Chinese art, what is the method of execution that blurs the definition of drawing and painting?

Brush and ink

What is charcoal made from?

Charred wood

Modeling through the use of different values to create the illusion of three-dimensional forms in two-dimensional space is known as what?

Chiaroscuro

How is a collage different from papier colle?

Collage does not imply the use of any specific material

Because it affects us on such a basic level, what do we have a direct emotional response to?

Color

What can increase appetite or lower blood pressure?

Color

Art ____ attempts to slow the effects of time by keeping artwork in the safest conditions possible.

Conservation

What follows the outline of a figure, establishing the boundaries between separate forms?

Contour line

The lines that establish the outside borders of a three-dimensional form are called what?

Contour lines

What are the two primary uses of line in art?

Conveying direction and motion, and establishing form by denoting borders

What is the subtractive color mixing process?

Creation of darker and duller colors and hues, and associated with pigment mixing in painting and printing processes

The perpendicular layering of closely spaced lines over one another to simulate areas of dark or shadow is defined as what?

Cross-hatching

Visual cues can give a flat surface the third dimension of what?

Depth

Unity, variety, balance, emphasis, subordination, proportion, scale, and rhythm are all examples of principles of what?

Design

What type of line conveys dynamic/action movement?

Diagonal line

In "The Raft of the Medusa", Theodore Gericault increases tension by using ____ lines to create two _____ centers of interest.

Diagonal; conflicting

Of all of the art created by Leonardo da Vinci during his lifetime, what is the most abundant type that remain today?

Drawings

Materials for drawing are grouped into what two categories?

Dry and liquid media

When an artist chooses an area of a composition to highlight or draw attention to, this is called what?

Emphasis

Charcoal creates a soft line that can be _____ easily with cloth.

Erased

Albrecht Durer's "Draftsman Drawing a Reclining Nude" specifically illustrates what, which artists use to depict a figure receding into space?

Foreshortening

How can a sense of three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface be created?

Forms can be overlapped to imply regression into the background

A cube, a pyramid, and a circle are examples of _____ shapes and masses.

Geometric

A dry media that leaves a trail of dark gray particles that have a slight sheen is called what?

Graphite

Hans Balding Grien's print "The Groom and the Witch" exemplifies what technique to create areas of shadow?

Hatching

At the center of Francesco di Giorgio Martini's "Architectural Perspective", you can see the ___ and ___.

Horizon; vanishing point

What do you call a form that is suggested rather than delineated and that is used by artists to structure compositions and direct the viewer's eye to a particular elements?

Implied shape

Muslim painters frequently use what system because it allows for scenes to be depicted as they might be seen from God's perspective?

Isometric perspective

What does an implied line do?

It directs a viewer's eye within a work of art, but is not explicitly depicted

Why is drawing considered to be an especially intimate form of artistic expression?

It is often used by artists as a form of private note-taking

What qualities characterize a rapidograph?

It produces precise mechanical lines, and is frequently used for architectural plans

How and when was knowledge of paper making established in Christian Europe?

Knowledge of the technology was transmitted through scattered contact and exchanges with Islamic cultures during the early-medieval period

Experiments by Sir Isaac Newton during the 17th century established that colors are components of what?

Light

In conjunction with the use of chiaroscuro, Italian Renaissance artists developed what to create optically convincing depictions of three-dimensional form in space?

Linear perspective

Artists experimenting with papier colle and collages made use of various everyday products, such as what?

Magazines, wallpaper, and newspaper

Forms with _____, such as sculpture and architecture, exist in three-dimensional space and they carve out volumes of space within and around them

Mass

Why is metalpoint not widely used today?

Mistakes are not easily changed or erased

Exemplified in Leonardo da Vinci's drawing "The Virgin and Sainte Anne with the Christ Child and John the Baptist", chiaroscuro is a type of what?

Modeling

Compositions composed of a single hue in different values and intensity are classified as what?

Monochromatic

James Abbott McNeill Whistler used which of the following elements to create a sense of calm in his "Nocturne in Blue and Gold"?

Monochromatic color and strong horizontal and vertical lines

As depicted in "Evening, Honfleur", Seurat's "dots", or use of pointillism, represent what coloring technique?

Optical mixing

Hatching and cross-hatching are methods that use lines to create value through what means?

Optical mixing

What are the secondary colors in pigment?

Orange, violet, green

What does symmetry in art often represent?

Order, harmony, and authority

Masses and shapes that are irregular and evoke the living forms of nature are categorized as what

Organic

When two forms ____, the one we perceive as partial is behind the one we perceive as complete.

Overlap

What is the material that we typically associate with drawing?

Paper

The word paper comes from the Latin word for what?

Papyrus

Which media characterizes Edgar Degas' artwork "The Singer in Green"?

Pastel

Which methods of applying ink has the most controlled, sustained, and flexible line?

Pen and brush

The process of placing many thousands of dots of pure color next to each other in order to create shapes and depict the change in colors without blending is called what?

Pointilism

Shapes perceived as figures in a work of art are described as being what?

Positive shaped

In relation to drawing media, pigment is defined as what?

Powdered coloring material

What technology was invented as a tool to create precise technical drawings?

Rapidograph

What color pairing would result in the perception of simultaneous contrast and could be used to create a lingering afterimage?

Red and green

Without touching a surface, the way the surface does what gives us an idea of its texture?

Reflects light

Sir Isaac Newton discovered that when sunlight passes through a prison, it is _____ into several different colors.

Refracted

The golden section was employed by who?

Renaissance architects and artists

How can the principle of rhythm be identified?

Repetition of elements in a composition

The artists Claes Oldenburg an Coosje van Bruggen are known for their huge sculptures, which play on the concept of what?

Scale

As demonstrated in Leonardo da Vinci's "Madonna and Child with Saint Ann"m atmospheric perspective is a technique that does what?

Simulates the recession of space by depicting objects in the background as gray or hazy

What interacts with other visual elements of an artwork to give them definition?

Space

On the painted cloth titled "Thirteen-Deity Jnanadakini Mandala", the symmetrical balance of the mandala represents what?

The cosmic order and logic of life for Tibetan Buddhists

Because artists sometimes use sketches to create early versions of their finished works, examining a drawing can give us a unique view of what?

The creative process

The French architect Le Corbusier used measurements based on what when designing the chapel Notre-Dame-du-Haut during the 1950s?

The golden section

To what does ground refer in a work of art?

The visual information figures stand out from

How can asymmetrical composition look balanced?

The visual weight on each side is similar

Linear perspective is easily recognized in a picture by the use of what?

Two converging lines at the center

The repetition of certain elements in an artwork provides what?

Unity within the design

Shades of light and dark are also known as what?

Values

What type of line conveys assertive/growth motion?

Vertical line

When we see markings in an artwork that we associate with texture, whether or not they actually depict actual texture, we are experiencing what?

Visual

Unity based on the elements of art, such as shape, line, and color, is called what?

Visual Unity

A mass is a three-dimensional form that occupies a what of space?

Volume

In an architectural interior, what provides the boundaries for space?

Walls

Traditionally, the preparatory ground of a metalpoint drawing is made from what materials?

White pigment, glue, and bone ash