ASL 2 Final

repeating for emphasis

The phrase used at the beginning of the sentence is repeated at the end of the semester to give the information special prominence.

Agreeing with condition

There are two ways to agree with a condition to a request: 1. by telling what must happen first 2. by telling what is expected in return

Reactions

This group of signs are used to describe one's reaction to situations. These signs function as predicated adjectives. They are not used to describe the effect one has on someone else

True or false ASL is used in the United states and Canada?

True

True or false Role shifting is key to successfully describing a situation or illustrating a behavior. It allows you to become the person you are describing, taking on his or her actions, manner and feelings to further support the opinion given

True

True or false always check with the Deaf person to offer help. Let the Deaf person know you sign and they will decide whether to involve you in their interaction or not.

True

True or false breaking eye contact without your partner's acknowledgement during conversation is considered rude?

True

True or false when translating from one language to another, the obligation is to convey the meaning, not the exact words or the order the information is given in the original language

True

True or false- the perception about disability continues to have a powerful hold on the general public's perception of Deaf people and continues to create obstacles between the hearing person and the deaf person developing mutually respectful experiences

True

How are facial expressions important?

certain facial expressions add meaning to the sign and helps convey more specifically the attitude and intention of the person described.

What does it take to learn a language well?

don't just learn the phrases and set rules - we need the classroom and need to practice outside the classroom as well. - ASL coffee social, making deaf friends - cross the threshold

Telling the year

don't repeat numbers- take breaks

When asking for a sign?

use these strategies: 1. list things in the category 2. use opposites 3. describe or act out 4. give definition Fingerspelling is not the best strategy - using context plays na important role in getting the right sign

Using a role shift to a describe a situation:

usually when a signer tells what she or he thinks of a person, she or he substantiates it by elaborating on something that happened that led them to form the opinion. This gives the listener a better idea of how one came to form such an opinion

true or false when telling the price there is no need to give the sign for dollar or to touch when the price is below 10 dollars

true

Relaying a message

your personal pronoun and your possessive adjective must agree with the location of the person sending the message and the location of the person receiving the message

using rhetorical questions

-narrator engages his audience - a rhetorical question is similar to a wh question but instead of furrowing your eye brows the signer raises them - a rhetorical question is followed by the answer

Keeping others informed

- do not just walk into your asl class and sit down if you are late, that is not viewed as courteous - wait until the teacher acknowledges you, then you take a moment to explain your lateness before taking your seat. - explanations should not to be viewed as giving excuse but rather viewed as appropriate sharing of information - deaf people have a cohesive supportive community - this close-knit community encourages a greater sense of familiarity, as evidenced by the kind of and amount of information shared

Martha's Vineyard

- for several centuries up until the 1950's an island off Cap Cod in Massachusettes especially in the towns of Chilmark and West Tisbury. practically every family had Deaf members, so everybody in the town spoke sign language - Deaf people owned businesses, held public office, served as church elders - There are other signing communities all over the world even after martha's vineyard doesnt exist - old signlanguage was used Old Kentish Sign Language - this signlanguage was used in the 16th and 17th century - Jonathan lambert- deaf carpenter and farmer and his wife moved here and had two deaf kids -first record of deafness on the island

Chuck Baird

- founding artists of the De'VIA movement was a painter, storyteller, actor and teacher whose long career centered on expressing the Deaf experience -born Deaf in Kansas City, Missouri in 1947 - artist at Kansas School of the Deaf - first award winning painting at age 13 - attended galludet university for 2 years graduating from the national Techinal institute - Spectrum: was an art colony that drew 22 deaf artists from different fields -Joined NTD full time in 1980 -Baired was one of eight Deaf artists who gathered for a four-day workshop before the deaf way international conference on Deaf culture held at Gallaudet University in the summer of 1989, At this workshop a manifesto was developed that defined Deaf Culture - wrote a book called Chuck Baired: 35 plates published by DawnSignPress and to create murals for Gallaudet University.

5 Iron (Men)

- gallaudet university mens basketball team were seeded last place and ended up winning the Dixon conference championship with 5 players only. They played all three games.

To drive, to take, and to pick up have to have what with them?

- have to add another verb because there is not direct object with it.

Alice Taylor Terry

- in her community she was one of the few women who attended college -was an accomplished writer - and outspoken advocate for using Sign Language in schools for the deaf - recognized leader on both the local and national stages - born in 1878 -had things published in the silent worker, silent broadcaster, and jewish deaf - she was apart of the the los angeles silent club -1920 elected presidnet of the association -first women president of the california association of the deaf - remembered as an articulate and forceful figure in promoting the importance of Sign Language in educating Deaf children, and rights of Deaf people to achieve full citizenship status.

Nathie Marbury

- story teller, and poet - went to western pen state school for the deaf - Graduated from Gallaudet in 1975 with degree in homech -first african american deaf woman to get her docorate- in deaf studies/deaf education - first black deaf person entering the national leadership training program for the deaf at CSUN - had such a big love and passion for teaching - award named after her - august 2013 received the lifetime acheivement award

Best way to learn a new language

- students assume that for every word in their first language, like English, there is a single translation equivalent in ASL. -- They assume that word-for-word translation equivalence is the best way to learn a language -- Do not ask your teacher for an english equivalents because this approach causes grammar errors and miss conseptions- -- immerse your self in the language

Giving phone numbers

- the number patterns used for giving zip codes, social security numbers, house numbers, and phone numbers are called indentification numbers -when giving an idenfication number the palm faces outward for the numbers 1-5. as opposed to cardinal numbers where the palm

Giving directions: Next to, Across From

- to give directions to a place, use the horizontal map orientation to describe the area "with a street view" as opposed to reading a map - use signer's perspective

To ask a hypothetical question:

- use hypothetical sign - state sequence of events - ask the question

Minimizing interuptions

- waith at the door or just outsid e the semicircle until and appropriate break in the teacher's presntation before moving forward and getting the teachers attention - When the teacher notices you, you should breifly apologize and explain why you are late. After getting the teachers permission you may take your seat leaving early- it is not considered polite to just walk out quielty insted you to wait for an appropriated break in the teachers presentation before getting up or getting the teachers attention. If urgent go ahead get up and as yo move toward the door look at the teacher - after getting the teachers attention briefly excuse yourself and explain why you need to leave using the sign below, after getting the teachers permission you may leave the room - if can't ahold of the teacher tell student explaination to tell teacher

ASL student in the community

- you may encounter situations where you may feel awkward and unsure of what is culturally appropriate to do - Deaf people are experienced and adept at communicating with people who do not sign. - its important to understand that the Deaf community is a linguistic and cultural minority - Acheiving equality in everyday situations is what everyone expects.

What does it take to be an interpreter

-cannot throw out the first word that comes to mind - the interpreter's job is to convey meaning - requires careful analysis of words and phrases and their nuances to uncover the meaning and provide the correct translation. - must know and understand the two cultures involved, and the subject matter being interpreted

Arthur Kruger (1911-1992)

-father of American Athletic Association of the deaf (AAAD) - born in 1911- in Philadelphia - graduated from Gallaudet University in 1933 - wrote for silent broadcasters, and sports editor silent worker - 1945- organized the first deaf basketbal tournment in akron, ohio - art became first president of AAAD - 1954- art was first person inducted into the AAAD Hall of Fame - Art helped 12 teams and thousands of deaf athletes get to the deaf world games between 1957-1983 - raised approximately 2 million dollars for AAAD - won the Edward miner Gallaudet Award in 1980, along with an honary doctorate degree, 1982

Eric Malzkuhn (1922-2008)

-teacher, storyteller, playwright poet and sign master - born in california - age 10 got menengitis and became deaf - 8th editor for school news paper good writer - wrote sports collums for 10 cents for each print for the local daily news paper - at Gallaudet he wrote for the buff and blue - team manager for the five iron men - active member of dramatic club - ASL translation of Carroll lewis classic poem Jabberwocky - brought an asl version of Arsenic and Old lace on broadway - 19 years old produced the show on broadway in may of 1942 - became a teacher after graduation - eventually left teaching and worked as a printer for a decade - contracted polio during that time and had to teach himself how to walk again - he convinced the first black deaf student to go to Gallaudet- andrew foster - named to Gallaudets sports hall of fame- for sports writing -was awarded the doctorate degree of Doctor of Fine arts at Gallaudet - the MSSD theatre was renamed in his honor "theatre Malz"

Negation

1. establish time if specified 2. establish location if specified 3. name the topic 4. end with a negation -- No --not yet --don't want

Translating a sentence with have

1. figure the meaning it has within the sentence 2. determine which sign best conveys the meaning in ASL

Telling where items are located

1. name the room 2. name furniture or appliance, or part of room (raise brows) 3. specify location of item (use reference point)

Narrating about cancelled plans

1. tell what was planned with other person - tell when - tell who - tell about activity planned 2. tell what came up that caused you to cancel 3. tell that you informed the other person and describe their reaction 4. close with your reaction

Language elements of a story:

1. title 2. Background 3. Tell what happened - transition - characters movement - use signs that indicate movement - use role shift and body part classifiers - use semantic classifiers

changing name signs

1. where to people have two name signs in the same community (a name sign will be modified of one of them) 2. new comer or younger person will get a modified or new sign 3. when an individual enters professional careers where its considered more proper to spell their last names or to use the initial of their last name rather than their first name Non-traditional type of name signs have surfaced - name signs are properly given after the person has been involved in the commmunity on an on-going basis, either through work or social relationships, and based on need and familiarity. - it is not appropriate to go ahead and assign yourself a name sign

interrupting others conversation

Approach the people in the conversation and get the attention of at least one person. Once the acknowledges you, indicate the reason for the interruption and apologize

Descriptive classifiers

Describe the size and shape of counters and tables, the shapes, patterns and textures of the walls.

What is the importance of conditional sentences with Role Shift?

Conditional sentences can be present a "condition" that must happen before an action can ensue, to sign a conditional sentence raise brows for the condition then nod when telling what the character will do if the condition is met

Identifying a person

Describe one or two things that helps the listener spot the person quickly and easily. - body position - appearance - Clothing

Element Classifiers (ECL)

Describe the intensity, movement and direction of things that are not solid, such as rays of light, mist of water, fire in a forest and wind (air)

Name signs

Given by members of the Deaf community -descriptive name signs- physical or behavioral characterstics - are mostly used among children and young adults to identify others - Arbitary names signs- the initials of their written name either first or last or both

Relative Clause

Gives additional information about the noun to which it refers - to sign a relative clause, the signer needs to raise brows, cheek and upper lip

What is the importance in instrument classifers with Role shift

ICLs, are essential language elements needed to show how the characters handle objects

Locative Classifiers (LCL)

Indicate the arrangement of tables in the area and objects on the walls

interrupting someone signing to you

It is important to develop your ability in handling distractions, as they may occur while you interact with Deaf people.

Interrupting others

Maintaining eye contact while conversing is essential to a culturally successful interaction in ASL. However, there are times when you need to interrupt a conversation, yours or someone else's, that requires breaking eye contact

What are fables?

Short stories that teach a moral lesson, often with animals as characters

How do ASL users name the states and Provinces?

Some are signed, but many are fingerspelled

Telling price (cents)

When giving the cost of something in cents, the number is incorporated with the sign for cent. - the cent sign starts with either the tip or the side of the index finger contacting the forehead and moves outward.

Telling price (dollars)

When telling the cost of something in dollars, the number is given followed by the sign for dollar. However, for $1-9 a twisting movement is added to the number and the sign for dollar is not needed

ASL classifiers

are essential language tools needed to provide an effective description of an enviornment. Classifiers are specific handshapes used to represent nouns. 1. their shape 2. their location 3. their movement 4. their arrangement

What are the stamps in ASL?

at first: u.s postal service wasn't receptive to the idea of creating the stamps - then the american postal union, which represented nearly 2,500 Deaf workers at the time, lobbied for the stamps and won the approval of the postmaster general to create stamps - 1993 released two stamps- I love you, and the other one showing a mother cradling a baby in one arm and sharing the ILY sign with the child

Agreement verbs

begins in the location of the subject and moves in the direction of the object 1. "from me to you" 2. "From you to me" 3. "From someone to another" - to borrow from someone - to tease someone

What are you supposed to do at a ASL event and you bring a non signing friend?

explain to your companion the following prior to attending the event 1. it is considered rude to use voice only in a Deaf enviornment 2. even when talking with each other, you both should use voice sparingly and only when necessary 3. if you need to approach a deaf person or ASL user, to buy a ticket, to order refreshments, or to ask for information, use ASL to relay information to both parties to the best of your abilty. Your companion should be patient with the process since you will not be talking and signing at the same time as it compromises both languages 4. There may be times when you may be engaged in an extended conversation in ASL with someone else. In this case, you companion should not consider it rude if the information isn't relayed immediately

Describing personal items

give a clear detailed description of it - description should move from general to specific

Giving directions: perspective shift

give directions form the point of view of looking down a street as if it were in front of you. - when you describe a turn, you must shift your perspective and continue the directions as if that street is directly in front of you.

Tip: successful storytelling

how well you engage your audience - bring the story to life, by showing the characters feelings manner and attidue - by making eye contact with your audience - by telling the story in a very deliberate manner; and by pacing the story for emphasis and effect

Greetings and leave takings

learn to function as a member of a group - see people regularly it would be expected that you greet people when you enter the room and say goodby when you leave - if someone says hi to you and you do not return the greeting it is considered very rude - if you see someone that you haven't seen for a while then a hi and conversation is expected -- passing by a deaf person always wave or acknowledge them with a head nod ( if not considered impolite)

personal pronouns

made with an index finger (you, him, her, it)

Possessive adjectives

made with the open B shape (your, his, hers, its)

Is charater placement in story telling is important?

placing characters alternatively on the left and right sides and consistently referring to them in their established locations is essential for maintaining story cohesion - signs that refer to the character need to be oriented to match the location and height of the characters

What careers are in language?

teaching in schools or colleges and interpreting Nursing, librarians, secretaries, social workers or police officers can receive, in addition to their salary bilingual pay for possessing fluency in another language.

Giving directions where to turn:

three ways to tell where to turn within city blocks when giving directions 1. tell how far( distance, number of blocks, all the way down) 2. refer to a landmark ( a corner with a business on it, stop light, school) 3. refer to the intersection (name the cross street) -then tell which direction to turn

predicative adjectives

to describe a personal quality, only predicative adjectives can be used. This means the subject is named before signing the adjective

Temporal Aspect

to explain a person's tendency or habit in English, the present simple tense is used and often adverbs are added to show the frequency. - to explain a person's tendency or habit the movement of the verb is modified it indicates that a habit or behavior is continually or regularly done. -then if sign is repeated

True or false when in a deaf space, use ASL in the best of your ability

true