Astro Test 2
What is known about the formation of Valles Marineris on Mars? A. The valley was carved out by the melting of ice. B. Different parts of Valles Marineris were shaped by different kinds of geological processes and NOT a single process. C. The large valley was created from an impact with a comet or asteroid. D. Valles Marineris was formed from a lava flow from a giant volcano in the region. E. Valles Marineris was created by Martians as a water channel.
B
Which feature of Neptune is most responsible for its blue color? A. large oceans covering most of the surface B. methane in its atmosphere C. auroral activity due to its strong magnetic field D. winds blowing at speeds almost that of sound E. excess energy emitted by the interior
B
Which is an accurate description of a comet? A) All comets are short period comets. B) Comets develop a tail only when they get closer to the Sun in their orbit. C) Comets emerge from the Sun. D) Comets become fainter as they get closer to the Sun and brighter when they are further away from the Sun. E) The brightness of comets stays the same throughout their life.
B
Which of the following are the jovian planets? A. Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto B. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune C. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars D. Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn E. Mercury, Jupiter, and Saturn
B
Which of the following is true about Neptune? A. Its atmospheric composition and rings are most like Saturn's. B. Its atmospheric composition is most like Uranus and its rings are like those of Uranus and Jupiter. C. Its atmospheric composition is most like Saturn's, but its rings are more like those of Uranus and Jupiter. D. It is more like the Earth than it is like any of the other giant planets. E. Its atmospheric composition and its rings are most like Jupiter's.
B
Which of the following is typical of a Terrestrial planet? A. a hydrogen-rich composition B. evidence for volcanic activity C. the presence many moons D. an average density much less than that of rock E. an orbit outside the asteroid belt
B
Which of the following moons is most volcanically active? A. Titan B. Io C. Europa D. Callisto E. Ganymede
B
Why does Mars have seasons? A. Mars has a very elliptical orbit that brings it very close to the Sun during summer, and far from the Sun during winter. B. Its axis is tilted relative to its orbital plane. C. Its orbit is circular. D. Mars has an atmosphere which deteriorates and regenerates on a yearly cycle. E. It rotates only a few times during each orbit around the Sun.
B
Without greenhouse gases, the Earth's surface temperature would be: A. Hotter in the summer and cooler in the winter. B. 33 degrees Centigrade cooler. C. Unchanged. D. Hotter in the winter and cooler in the summer. E. 33 degrees Centigrade warmer.
B
Among these choices, which planet has the most moons? A. Mercury B. Earth C. Saturn D. Mars E. Venus
C
Imagine that planet B is revolving around star A. Which of the following scenario describes 'tidal locking' of planet B by star A? A) When the mutual gravitational force between the two bodies cancel out. B) When the tides on planet B are locked by the tides on A. C) When the time it takes for B to complete one rotation on its axis becomes equal to the time that B takes to revolve (complete an orbit) once around A. D) All of the above. E) None of the above.
C
The surface of Venus is hotter than the surface of Mercury because A. Venus is closer to the Sun than Mercury. B. of the volcanic activity that occurs on Venus. C. Venus is more massive and is able to retain a thick atmosphere. D. Mercury's atmosphere prevents radiation from penetrating through to its surface. E. Venus is smaller than Mercury so it does not require so much energy to heat it.
C
What is an asteroid? A) A trans-Neptunian object that is thrown into the inner solar system by the gravity of the outer planets. B) A smaller particle in Saturn's rings that has survived collisions with other small particles. C) A rock orbiting the Sun that was left over when the planets formed. D) An rocky object larger than a planet that existed in the early solar system. E) An icy object in a sphere surrounding the solar system, much beyong the planets and the Kuiper belt.
C
What is the leading theory to explain why the dinosaurs became extinct? A) a massive drought B) a more intelligent species replaced that population C) the aftermath of a giant asteroid impact D) dinosaurs were just too large to survive E) destruction of the ozone layer
C
Which fact about Mars is NOT true? A) It is always colder than freezing on Mars's surface. B) The Viking spacecraft landed on Mars in 1976. C) Mars has a thicker atmosphere than Earth does. D) There are giant volcanos on Mars, larger than any on Earth. E) There was once water on the surface of Mars.
C
Which fact about Mars is NOT true? A. There was once water on the surface of Mars. B. It is always colder than freezing on Mars surface. C. Mars has no impact craters on its surface because of flowing water D. There are giant volcanoes on Mars, larger than any on Earth. E. The Viking spacecraft landed on Mars in 1976.
C
Which has the lowest average density? A. the Moon B. Venus C. Jupiter D. Mercury E. Mars
C
Which of the following is TRUE? A. Mercury has a very thick atmosphere made mostly of carbon dioxide. B. Venus has no volcanos on its surface. C. Mercury rotates exactly one and a half times for every one revolution around the Sun. D. The runaway greenhouse effect causes the present temperatures on Mars to exceed those on Earth. E. The average surface temperature of Venus is about 30 degrees Fahrenheit.
C
Which of the following is typical of a Jovian planet? A. an orbit inside the asteroid belt B. a hydrogen-poor composition C. the presence of many moons D. an average density about that of rock E. evidence for volcanic activity
C
Based on current evidence and understanding, what is the composition at the center of Neptune and in fact at the center of all the giant planets in the outer Solar System? A. swiss cheese. B. liquid core made of hydrochloric acid C. methane gas mixed with water. D. a solid, rocky core. E. There is no core; Neptune just has an atmosphere.
D
How many Earth years does it take Neptune to orbit the Sun? A. 10 B. 0.5 C. 0.2 D. 164 E. 2012
D
In the night sky, we are able to see some planets with the unaided eye because: A) They emit bright light in the X-ray range. B) They emit bright light in the infrared range. C) They reflect light from Earth. D) They reflect the Sun's light. E) They emit bright light in the visible range.
D
In the night sky, we are able to see some planets with the unaided eye because: A. They emit bright light in the visible range. B. They emit bright light in the X-ray range. C. They emit bright light in the infrared range. D. They reflect the Sun's light. E. They reflect light from Earth.
D
Mars has a mass that is 1/10th the mass of the Earth and a radius that is 1/2 the radius of Earth. Compare the force of gravity on Mar's surface to that on the surface of Earth using the proportional relationship F is proportional to M/R2. A. Gravity on Mars is 4 times stronger than on Earth. B. Gravity on Mars is 10 times stronger than on Earth. C. Gravity on Mars is equal to gravity on Earth. D. Gravity on Mars is 4/10ths as strong as on Earth. E. Gravity on Mars is 1/10th as strong as on Earth.
D
The process of formation of the Solar System A. involved a spinning cloud of gas that remained spherical until after the planets and Sun formed. B. began about 10 million years ago. C.involved the Sun forming from the collapse of a large planet. D. took only a small fraction of the age of the Solar System. E. led to the formation of the most massive planets closest to the Sun and the least massive farthest away.
D
Which fact about comets is FALSE? A. Comets are a complex mix of ice and dust. B. Short period comets have orbital periods less than 200 years and have predictable orbits. C. In ancient history, the appearance of a comet was regarded as a sign that unpleasant events would occur. D. Comets' tails disappear when they are closest to the Sun. E. The dust tail of a comet is white, diffuse, and curved.
D
Which of the following is TRUE about Pluto? A) it is always further away from the Sun than Neptune is B) the period of its orbit around the Sun is 2 years C) it is the seventh largest planet in the solar system D) its moon Charon is over half the diameter of Pluto E) it was first discovered five years ago
D
Which of the following is TRUE about Pluto? A. it was first discovered five years ago B. it is the seventh largest planet in the solar system C. the period of its orbit around the Sun is 2 years D. its moon Charon is over half the diameter of Pluto E. it is always further away from the Sun than Neptune is
D
Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. There is no evidence to suggest that either Jupiter or Saturn has a rocky core. B. Jupiter's solid surface lies just below the cloud layers visible from Earth. C. Neither Uranus or Neptune have ring systems. D. The Great Red Spot is an anti-cyclone on Jupiter E. Saturn has small- and medium-sized moons, but no large ones.
D
Which of these following statements can be said about Venus? A. Venus has a very slow speed of rotation. B. A day-night cycle is longer than a year. C. Venus is closer to the Sun than Earth is. D. All of the above are true. E. Only A and C are true
D
Which statement about the rotation of the inner planets is true? A) The rotation periods of all of them are the same, i.e. 1 Earth day. B) All rotate in the same direction. C) All have rotation periods of 365 Earth days. D) Venus rotates in the opposite direction from the three others. E) All have rotation periods about equal to their periods to orbit the Sun.
D
How did Kepler himself originally state his second law? A. A line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time. B. The speed of a planet in its orbit is inversely proportional to its distance from the Sun. C. The speed of a planet in its orbit is directly proportional to its distance from the Sun. D. None of the above. E. All planets move at a constant speed in their orbit around the Sun.
A
How many Earth years does it take Pluto to orbit the Sun? A. 248 B. 0.2 C. 0.5 D. 2012 E. 10
A
Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto are called the "Galilean" satellites because: A. Galileo was the first to identify them as moons of Jupiter. B. They are named after Galileo's daughters. C. The "Galileo" spacecraft discovered them. D. They were discovered the year Galileo died. E. "Jupiter" was originally called "Galileo" in Greek.
A
A planet is in orbit around the Sun with a period of 5 years. What is the semimajor axis of its orbit (average distance from the Sun) in AU? Use P2 = a3 to estimate. A. 1.24 AU B. 8.65 AU C. 123 AU D. 25.0 AU E. 2.92 AU
E
Volcanoes on Venus : A) produce very large lava flows that cover at least 85% of the planet's surface B) are much less active than volcanoes on Earth and Mars C) are not common, with only two apparent on its whole surface D) do not produce lava like volcanoes on Earth do E) were never important in the planet's geological history
A
What are the most abundant gases in Jupiter's atmosphere? A. hydrogen and helium B. methane and ammonia C. hydrogen and ammonia D. water vapor and ozone E. methane and hydrogen
A
Which has the lowest average density? A. Saturn B. Venus C. Mars D. Mercury E. the Moon
A
Which of the following does NOT happen to any of the material in the protoplanetary disk? A. it is sucked in to a black hole at the center of our Solar System B. it gets incorporated into the star at the center, the Sun C. it is accreted onto planets in the Solar System D. it first falls into small irregularities and later these clumps grow into larger structures E. it is blown out by the solar wind
A
Which of these observations was used to prove that the rings of Saturn are not a single solid sheet? A. The orbital speed of outer part of the ring was smaller compared to the inner part. B. The orbital speed of outer part of the ring was larger compared to the inner part. C. The orbital speeds were measured to be uniform throughout the disk. D. Both A and B. E. Both B and C.
A
A planet is in orbit around the Sun with a period of 10 years. What is the semimajor axis of its orbit (average distance from the Sun) in AU? Use P2 = a3 to estimate. A. 0.3 AU B. 4.6 AU C. 1000 AU D. 100 AU
B
Observations show the dominant composition of Saturn's rings as: A) chocolate chip cookie dough. B) chunks of dusty water ice crystals. C) burned carbon compounds and rocks D) a mix of hydrogen and helium gas. E) liquid water
B
Craters on Venus: A. are much smaller in size than those on Earth, Moon, and Mars. B. are caused by erosion due to liquid water, not to impact of comets and asteroids. C. are never apparent because of the large amounts of volcanic activity. D. are much larger in size than those on Earth, Moon, and Mars. E. are about the same in size and structure to those on Earth, Moon, and Mars.
E
Which fact about Mars is true? A. There are no volcanoes on Mars. B. No spacecraft has ever landed on Mars. C. There was never water on the surface of Mars. D. It is always warmer than freezing on Mars surface. E. Mars has a thinner atmosphere than Earth does.
E
Which of the following has the most significant (densest) atmosphere? A. Mercury B. Mars C. Pluto D. Earth's Moon E. Venus
E
Based on what we see in panoramic images, why do you think Moon is likely NOT to have an atmosphere? A. If the Moon had an atmosphere, it would scatter sunlight in all directions and the lunar sky would look bright. B. If the Moon had an atmosphere, the light from the Sun would heat the atoms in the atmosphere and the atmosphere would start glowing. C. If the Moon had an atmosphere, then Earth couldn't have an atmosphere since the two atmospheres would interact with each other. D. Only in the absence of an atmosphere would the moon be able to reflect light from the Sun, thereby making it visible from Earth. E. If the Moon had an atmosphere, then humans wouldn't have been able to land on its surface.
A
How many Earth years does it take Uranus to orbit the Sun? A. 0.48 B. 84 C. 1 D. 2.4 E. 0.27
B
How long does it take for the Moon to rotate once on its axis (360 degrees around)? A) about one month B) about 1000 years C) about one day D) about one year E) about one hour
A
Of the total amount of sunlight that is incident on Earth, about 70% is absorbed. The remaining is reflected back to space. If we calculate the temperature of Earth from the absorption of the Sun's radiation, it will come to -18 deg centigrade. However, observations show that the global average temperature of the earth is a pleasant +15 deg centigrade. What do you think is the cause for this additional heating of "approximately" 30 deg centigrade (from -18C to + 15C)? A) Green house gases in Earth's atmosphere. B) Earth's proximity to the Sun. C) Comets and asteroids hitting the Earth periodically. D) The ozone layer in Earth's atmosphere. E) All of the above.
A
Planet A has an orbit with a semi-major axis of 1 Astronomical Units. Planet B has an orbit with a semi-major axis of 4 Astronomical Units. How does the orbital period compare between the two planets? Use P2 = a3 to estimate. A. Planet B has an orbital period 8 times longer than Planet A. B. Planet B has an orbital period 4 times shorter than Planet A. C. Planet B has an orbital period 64 times shorter than Planet A. D. Planet B has an orbital period 64 times longer than Planet A. E. Planet B has an orbital period 4 times longer than Planet A.
A
The Greenhouse effect : A. is larger on Venus than on Earth. B. cannot exist on Venus because Venus has no atmosphere. C. is sometimes larger on Venus than on Earth and sometimes smaller. D. on Venus leads to a lower temperature on Venus's surface than it would have otherwise. E. is smaller on Venus than on Earth.
A
The Sun is at one focus of the elliptical orbit of the Earth around the Sun. What is at the other focus? A. Nothing. B. Jupiter. C. The Moon. D. The Earth. E. Mars.
A
The escape velocity needed for an atom in the atmosphere of a planet to escape the gravitational pull of the planet is smaller if: A) the mass of the planet is smaller B) the planet is farther from the Sun C) the radius of the planet is smaller D) the planet is closer to the Sun E) the mass of the planet is larger
A
Which is smallest? A. Saturn's moon Enceladus B. Jupiter's moon Ganymede C. Saturn's moon Titan D. Earth E. Mercury
A
Which is true? A. As viewed from above the plane of its orbit, Earth rotates in a counterclockwise direction around the Sun. B. The Sun orbits around the Earth in a clockwise orbit. C. Some planets orbits clockwise and others counterclockwise. D. Both B and C. E. None of the above.
A
Which of the following is an accurate description of the KT event? A) Living forms, notably the dominant ones such as the dinosaurs, were driven to extinction by the aftermath of the impact more than the impact itself. B) The KT impact produced Earth's moon. C) The KT impact was the result of a collision of a previous moon of Earth with the Earth and led to extinction of many species. D) The impacting asteroid hit the Earth at the region that had the maximum human population. E) The extinction of dinosaurs happened because of the asteroid hitting directly on their heads.
A
Comparing Mercury to the Earth's Moon: A. Since Mercury has so many active volcanoes, the craters on its surface have almost all been wiped away, while the Moon's craters remain. B. they both have little atmosphere and a similarly cratered surface. C. Mercury is more than 100 times the mass of Earth's Moon. D. Mercury is only about 1/100th the mass of Earth's Moon E. they both take the same time to complete one orbit around the Sun.
B
How do most craters on moons form? A. by tectonic activity B. impact of asteroids C. running water D. by volcanic activity E. earthquakes
B
How does Pluto's mass compare with that of Earth's Moon? A. Pluto is roughly 7 times more massive that the Moon. B. The Moon is roughly 7 times more massive than Pluto. C. They both have the same mass. D. The Moon's mass is roughly 1/20th the mass of Pluto. E. Pluto's mass is roughly 1/20th the mass of the Moon.
B
How was the surface of Venus mapped? A) with images taken in optical light by the Hubble Space Telescope B) with radar bounced off of it by the Magellan spacecraft C) with images taken in optical light by the Keck Telescope in Hawaii D) with a roving vehicle that landed on the surface of Venus E) it is impossible to map the surface of Venus by any method
B
How would an inflated landing module bounce if it were dropped onto the surface of Earth from the same altitude as it was on Mars? A) It would not bounce at all. B) It would bounce lower and fewer times than it did on the surface of Mars. C) It would bounce higher sometimes and lower sometimes on the surface of Mars. D) It would bounce higher and slower than it did on the surface of Mars. E) It would bounce higher and more times than it did on the surface of Mars.
B
Mercury has a mass that is 1/20th the mass of the Earth and a radius that is 1/3 the radius of Earth. Compare the force of gravity on Mercury's surface to that on the surface of Earth using the proportional relationship F is proportional to M/R2. A. Gravity on Mercury is 30 times stronger than on Earth. B. Gravity on Mercury is 9/20ths as strong as on Earth. C. Gravity on Mercury is equal to gravity on Earth. D. Gravity on Mercury is 3/20th as strong as on Earth. E. Gravity on Mercury is 3 times stronger than on Earth.
B
The escape velocity needed for an atom in the atmosphere of a planet to escape the gravitational pull of the planet is larger if: A. the temperature of the gas in the atmosphere is higher B. the mass of the atom is larger C. the radius of the planet is larger D. the planet is closer to the Sun E. the mass of the planet is smaller
B
Which of the following best describes the orbit of a planet around the Sun? A) The planet moves at a constant speed through out its orbit around the Sun. B) The planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun. C) The planet revolves around the Sun in a circular orbit. D) All of the above. E) None of the above.
B
Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Neither Uranus or Neptune have ring systems. B. The planet Uranus is blue-green and virtually featureless. C. Jupiter's solid surface lies just below the cloud layers visible from Earth. D. There is no evidence to suggest that either Jupiter or Saturn has a rocky core. E. The Great Red Spot is a dust storm near the South polar cap of Mars.
B
Which planet has a temperature of 400 degrees Centigrade on the side facing the Sun and -180 degrees Centigrade on the side opposite the Sun? A. Venus B. Mercury C. Jupiter D. Earth E. Mars
B
Which planet is able to retain the largest (by radius and by volume) atmosphere? A. Mercury B. Jupiter C. Earth D. Venus E. Mars
B
Why are Uranus's rings darker in color (gray) than Saturn's or Jupiter's? A. there is more sunlight incident on Uranus's rings because of its greater distance from the Sun. B. they have a lot of carbon/soot-like material in them. C. they do not have as much nuclear activity in them, so they do not produce as much light D. there is less sunlight incident on Uranus's rings because of its smaller distance from the Sun. E. they are blocking more light from the stars behind them.
B
Why is Venus's day so long (a day-night cycle on Venus lasts for as long as 243 Earth day and night cycles)? A. No one knows the reason. B. Venus's rotation time is very long compared to the time it takes to go once around the Sun. C. Because Venus's year is longer than a year on Earth. D. Venus's rotation time is very short compared to the time it takes to go once around the Sun. E. Because Venus's year is shorter than a year on Earth.
B
How is Pluto now classified by astronomers? A. as a planet B. as a comet C. as a dwarf planet D. as a star E. as an asteroid
C
If not a single solid sheet, then the ring system of Saturn is best described as: A. rapidly expanding gas with various different chemical compositions. B. randomly moving particles that will soon disperse in all directions. C. individually orbiting particles that are clustered around certain orbits. D. just an illusion. E. randomly moving particles that frequently collide, so that the force of collision quickly pushes the rings apart.
C
Which is a consequence of the synchronous orbit of the Earth's Moon (equal period of rotation and revolution)? A) phases of the Moon B) solar eclipses C) the same side of the Moon always faces the Earth D) lunar eclipses E) craters on the Moon
C
Which is largest? A. Saturn's moon Mimas B. Mercury C. Jupiter's moon Ganymede D. Saturn's moon Iapetus E. Pluto
C
Which of the following could be the reason that Mars has only a thin atmosphere? A. The atmosphere is spread over a very large area. B. The gravitational pull from Earth caused Mars to lose some of its atmosphere. C. The gravity on Mars was insufficient to hold a thick atmosphere and hence the gases in the atmosphere escaped over time. D. All of the above. E. None of the above
C
Planet A has an orbit with a semi-major axis of 1 Astronomical Units. Planet B has an orbit with a semi-major axis of 4 Astronomical Units. How does the orbital period compare between the two planets? Use P2 = a3 to estimate. A. Planet B has an orbital period 4 times shorter than Planet A. B. Planet B has an orbital period 64 times longer than Planet A. C. Planet B has an orbital period 4 times longer than Planet A. D. Planet B has an orbital period 8 times longer than Planet A. E. Planet B has an orbital period 64 times shorter than Planet A.
D
Saturn is about 10 times as far from the Sun as Earth is (a = 10 AU, roughly). About how many times does Earth orbit the Sun in the time it takes Saturn to orbit just once? Remember P2 is proportional to a3. A. 12 B. 0.5 C. 60 D. 32 E. 1
D
The Oort Cloud is thought to be: A. A cloud of asteroids moving between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. B. The cloud of gas and dust from which our solar system formed. C. A planetary nebula surrounding the second nearest star to the solar system. D. A spherical cloud of comets surrounding the solar system. E. A cloud of debris that occasionally encounters the Earth, causing a meteor shower.
D
The planets of the solar system were formed: A. as condensations/accretions of hot gases ejected from the Sun B. by a near collision between the Sun and a nearby star C. by the collapse of a single higher mass star into a black hole D. as individual condensation/accretion centers in a rotating solar nebula E. by the accumulation of many comets
D
What best describes the orbit of the Earth around the Sun? A) A very elongated ellipse. B) None of the above. C) An oscillation along a line. D) An ellipse that is close to being circular. E) A perfect circle.
D
What causes some Kuiper belt objects to become short period comets? A. the Kuiper belt objects become short period comets out of desire. B. their orbits decay due to nuclear reactions in their metallic cores. C. the wind from the forming Sun exerts a pressure which pushes them out away from the Sun and then they come back in again. D. the gravity of the giant planets like Uranus and Neptune throw them into orbits that take them into the inner Solar System. E. their orbits decay due to gradual heating from the Sun.
D
What factor is at least partly responsible for the creation of the Antarctic "ozone hole?" A) When spacecraft pass through the stratosphere they leave holes in it. B) Optical light from the Sun destroys ozone as it passes through the Earth's atmosphere. C) Human and animal respiration takes oxygen out of the atmosphere so that much less is available now to form new ozone. D) Human-generated gases that rise into the stratosphere and break ozone molecules apart. E) Penguins in Antarctica have become radioactive because of scientific experiments there and the radioactivity destroys ozone above that continent.
D
Where do mountains like the Himalayas come from? A. The Moon's gravity pulls some layers up into mountain ranges. B. Rain of debris from meteorites and comets falls in some places more than others, and builds up into mountains. C. The Earth is made of molten rock and metals, and regions with opposite electrical charges attract each other and form peaks. D. In some locations, plates of rock on the planet's surface press together and the plates rise together. E. The Earth formed by an irregular processes and that is just the way that it was shaped when the molten rock cooled into place.
D
Which of the following are characteristics of dense atmospheres? A) Atmospheres absorb and scatter light. B) Atmospheres make planetary surfaces warmer than they would be otherwise. C) Atmospheres distribute heat around a planet. D) All of the above. E) None of the above.
D
Mercury is visible to us: A. only during the several hours around midnight. B. only in the summer. C. only during its new phase. D. only in the winter. E. only very briefly near sunrise or sunset.
E
Meteors are A) a group of rocky objects between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn B) comets that escape the Solar System without being vaporized by the Sun C) a group of rocky objects between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter D) comets that are vaporized when they pass very close to the Sun E) asteroids or comet debris that passes into Earth's atmosphere and burns up
E
Several of the tributary canyons of the Valles Marineris on Mars are thought to be formed: A. when water coming from the volcanoes started flowing through the planet. B. from impacts with irregularly shaped comets and asteroids. C. from a chemical reaction between iron oxide and water. D. when strong wind currents along the equatorial region started blowing out sand. E. when ground water, escaping from opening cracks, flowed and cut a channel through the surface beneath.
E
The deepest canyon in the solar system is on the planet: A. Venus B. Mercury C. Earth D. Jupiter E. Mars
E
The escape velocity needed for an atom in the atmosphere of a planet to escape the gravitational pull of the planet is larger if: A. the mass of the atom is smaller B. the radius of the planet is larger C. the temperature of the gas in the atmosphere is higher D. the planet is farther from the Sun E. the mass of the planet is larger
E
To a space probe near the surface of Mercury, how would the sky appear? A. pink during the day and black at night B. black during the day and blue at night C. blue all the time since Mercury is so close to the Sun D. blue during the day and black at night, like Earth E. black, both during the day and at night
E
Which characterizes the magnetosphere/strength of magnetic fields on Jupiter? A. the same as on Earth so that it has aurora B. completely absent C. weaker than that on Earth, but it still has aurora D. a thousand times that on Earth so that it cannot have aurora E. ten times stronger than Earth so that it has aurora
E
Which has the lowest average density? A) the Moon B) Venus C) Mercury D) Mars E) Saturn
E
Which of the following would be an accurate description of the Great Red Spot? A. The red spot has formed at the interface between two adjacent bands. B. The red spot is a solid feature on the gaseous surface of Jupiter. C. The red spot rotates like a whirlpool. D. All of the above. E. Both A and C.
E
