Astronomy Midterm
Which lists the major steps of solar system formation in the correct order? A) collapse, accretion, condensation B) accretion, condensation, collapse C) collapse, condensation, accretion
C) collapse, condensation, accretion
Suppose an object is moving in a straight line at 50 mi/hr. According to Newton's first law of motion, the object will A) continue to move in a straight line forever if it is in space, but fall to the ground if it is on Earth. B) continue to move in the same way forever, no matter what happens. C) continue to move in the same way until it is acted upon by a force. D) eventually slow down and come to a stop.
C) continue to move in the same way until it is acted upon by a force.
Moons cannot have atmospheres, active volcanoes, or liquid water. A) True B) False
B) False
Our Moon is about the same size as moons of the other terrestrial planets. A) True B) False
B) False
Saturn is the only planet in the solar system with rings. A) True B) False
B) False
To measure the mass of an astronomical object, one can observe the orbital period and distance of a companion. A) True B) False
A) True
Rank the planets from farthest to closest to sun (Not to scale.) PSJMEM
Pluto Saturn Jupiter Mars Earth Mercury
Rank these planets based on their mass, from highest to lowest. SJEMMP
Sun Jupiter Earth Mars Mercury Pluto
Which planet listed below has the most extreme seasons? A) Earth B) Jupiter C) Uranus D) Mars
C) Uranus
The dwarf planet Eris was discovered in 2005, orbiting the Sun at an average distance about twice that of Pluto. In which of the following ways do Pluto and Eris differ from the terrestrial and jovian planets in our solar system? Check all that apply. A) Both Pluto and Eris are smaller than any of the terrestrial planets. B) Both Pluto and Eris travel in more elliptical orbits than any of the terrestrial or jovian planets. C) Both Pluto and Eris are denser than D) Both Pluto and Eris are less massive than any of the terrestrial or jovian planets. E) Both Pluto and Eris have more hydrogen gas than any of the jovian planets.
A) Both Pluto and Eris are smaller than any of the terrestrial planets. B) Both Pluto and Eris travel in more elliptical orbits than any of the terrestrial or jovian planets. D) Both Pluto and Eris are less massive than any of the terrestrial or jovian planets.
Consider the statement "There's no gravity in space." This statement is: A) Completely false. B) False if you are close to a planet or moon, but true in between the planets. C) Completely true.
A) Completely false.
Suppose that the Sun shrank in size but that its mass remained the same. What would happen to the orbit of the Earth? A) Earth's orbit would be unaffected. B) Earth's orbit would expand, and it would take more than one year to orbit the Sun. C) Earth would change from a bound orbit to an unbound orbit and fly off into interstellar space. D) The size of Earth's orbit would shrink, and it would take less than one year to orbit the Sun.
A) Earth's orbit would be unaffected.
Newton's second law of motion states that force equals mass times acceleration, or F=ma. Suppose you have already calculated the gravitational force, which we will call Fg , attracting Earth and the Moon. Then the amount of acceleration of Earth due to this force is __________. A) Fg divided by the mass of the Earth B) Fg divided by the mass of the Moon C) Fg divided by the acceleration of the Earth D) Fg divided by the acceleration of the Moon
A) Fg divided by the mass of the Earth
Which of the following statements is true of green grass? A) It absorbs red light and reflects green light. B) It means the lawn is healthy. C) It absorbs red light and emits green light. D) It transmits all colors of light except gree
A) It absorbs red light and reflects green light.
Which of the following statements is true of green grass? A) It absorbs red light and reflects green light. B) It means the lawn is healthy. C) It transmits all colors of light except green. D) It absorbs red light and emits green light.
A) It absorbs red light and reflects green light.
The fact that Voyager 10 continues to speed out of the solar system, even though its rockets have no fuel, is an example of A) Newton's first law of motion. B) Newton's second law of motion. C) Newton's third law of motion. D) the universal law of gravitation. E) none of the above
A) Newton's first law of motion.
Which of the following statements about our Sun is not true? A) The Sun's diameter is about 5 times that of Earth. B) The Sun contains more than 99% of all the mass in our solar system. C) The Sun is made mostly of hydrogen and helium. D) The Sun is a star
A) The Sun's diameter is about 5 times that of Earth.
The force due to gravity between two objects can be described using the equation Fg = G M1 M2 / d2. According to this equation, if the mass of the second object were greater, what happens to the gravitational force between them? A) The force increases. B) The force decreases. C) The force drops instantly to zero. D) The gravitational force is not affected by the mass of the second object.
A) The force increases.
How did Earth end up with enough water to make oceans? A) The water was brought to the forming Earth by planetesimals that accreted beyond the orbit of Mars. B) The water was formed by chemical reactions among the minerals in the Earth's core. C) Earth formed at a distance from the Sun at which liquid water happened to be plentiful in the solar nebula. D) The water was brought to the forming Earth by planetesimals that accreted near Earth's orbit.
A) The water was brought to the forming Earth by planetesimals that accreted beyond the orbit of Mars.
Asteroids are made of essentially the same materials as the terrestrial planets. A) True B) False
A) True
On average, Venus has the hottest surface temperature of any planet in the solar system. A) True B) False
A) True
The weather conditions on Mars today are much different than they were in the distant past. A) True B) False
A) True
The planets never travel in a straight line as they orbit the Sun. According to Newton's second law of motion, this must mean that ________. A) a force is acting on the planets B) the planets are always accelerating C) the planets have angular momentum D) the planets will eventually fall into the Sun
A) a force is acting on the planets
According to our present theory of solar system formation, why were solid planetesimals able to grow larger in the outer solar system than in the inner solar system? A) because only metal and rock could condense in the inner solar system, while ice also condensed in the outer solar system B) because only the outer planets captured hydrogen and helium gas from the solar nebula C) because the Sun's gravity was stronger in the outer solar system, allowing more solid material to collect D) because gas in the outer solar system contained a larger proportion of rock, metal, and hydrogen compounds than the gas in the inner solar system
A) because only metal and rock could condense in the inner solar system, while ice also condensed in the outer solar system
Which of the following did not occur during the collapse of the solar nebula? A) concentrating denser materials nearer the Sun B) spinning faster C) heating up
A) concentrating denser materials nearer the Sun
A star whose spectrum peaks in the infrared is: A) cooler than our Sun. B) hotter than our Sun. C) larger than our Sun.
A) cooler than our Sun.
According to the universal law of gravitation, if you triple the distance between two objects, then the gravitational force between them _________. A) decreases by a factor of 9 B) decreases by a factor of 3 C) increases by a factor of 3 D) increases by a factor of 9
A) decreases by a factor of 9
A car is accelerating when it is A) going around a circular track at a steady 100 miles per hour. B) traveling on a straight uphill road at 30 miles per hour. C) traveling on a straight, flat road at 50 miles per hour.
A) going around a circular track at a steady 100 miles per hour.
Which forms of light are lower in energy and frequency than the light that our eyes can see? A) infrared and radio B) visible light C) ultraviolet and X ray D) infrared and ultraviolet
A) infrared and radio
Compared to the distance between Earth and Mars, the distance between Jupiter and Saturn is ________. A) much larger B) much smaller C) about the same D) just slightly less
A) much larger
Thermal radiation is defined as _________. A) radiation with a spectrum whose shape depends only on the temperature of the emitting object B) radiation that is felt as heat C) radiation in the form of emission lines from an object D) radiation produced by an extremely hot object
A) radiation with a spectrum whose shape depends only on the
Consider Earth and the Moon. As you should now realize, the gravitational force that Earth exerts on the Moon is equal and opposite to that which the Moon exerts on Earth. Therefore, according to Newton's second law of motion __________. A) the Moon has a larger acceleration than Earth, because it has a smaller mass B) Earth has a larger acceleration than the Moon, because it has a larger mass C) the Moon and Earth both have equal accelerations, because the forces are equal
A) the Moon has a larger acceleration than Earth, because it has a smaller mass
According to Newton's third law __________. A) the strength of the force that the object on the left exerts on the object on the right has to be exactly the same (but in an opposite direction) as the force the object on the right exerts on the object on the left B) the gravitational force exerted by the asteroids on the left will be equal for each pair of objects because all the asteroids have the same mass C) to find the force on the object on the right, you just have to divide the asteroid mass by the mass of the object on the right
A) the strength of the force that the object on the left exerts on the object on the right has to be exactly the same (but in an opposite direction) as the force the object on the right exerts on the object on the left
What is the primary basis upon which we divide the ingredients of the solar nebula into four categories (hydrogen/helium; hydrogen compound; rock; metal)? A) the temperatures at which various materials will condense from gaseous form to solid form B) the amounts of energy required to ionize various materials C) the atomic mass numbers of various materials D) the locations of various materials in the solar nebula
A) the temperatures at which various materials will condense from gaseous form to solid form
The force due to gravity between two objects can be described using the equation Fg = G M1 M2 / d2. In this equation, what does d represent? A) the universal gravitational constant B) the density of the smaller object C) the distance between the two objects
A) the universal gravitational constant
If a material is transparent, then it A) transmits light well. B) absorbs light well. C) scatters light well. D) emits light well. E) reflects light well.
A) transmits light well.
About how old is the solar system? A) 4.5 million years B) 4.5 billion years C) 4.5 trillion years
B) 4.5 billion years
Which of the following statements about thermal radiation is always true? A) A cold object produces more total infrared and radio emission per unit surface area than a hot object. B) A hot object emits more radiation per unit surface area than a cool object. C) A hot object produces more total infrared emission than a cooler object. D) All the light emitted by hot object has higher energy than the light emitted by a cooler object.
B) A hot object emits more radiation per unit surface area than a cool object.
Suppose you view the solar system from high above Earth's North Pole. Which of the following statements about planetary orbits will be true? A) The inner planets orbit the Sun counterclockwise while the outer planets orbit the Sun clockwise. B) All the planets orbit counterclockwise around the Sun. C) All the planets except Uranus orbit the Sun counterclockwise; Uranus orbits in the opposite direction. D) The inner planets orbit the Sun clockwise while the outer planets orbit the Sun counterclockwise.
B) All the planets orbit counterclockwise around the Sun.
Doubling the distance between two objects halves the gravitational force between them. A) True B) False
B) False
If Pluto were as large as the planet Mercury, we would classify it as a terrestrial planet A) True B) False
B) False
When scientists say that our solar system is about 4 billion years old, they are making a rough estimate based on guesswork about how long it should have taken planets to form. A) True B) False
B) False
When you experience a downward gravitational force from the Earth, the Earth experiences a weaker upward gravitational force from you. A) True B) False
B) False
According to our present theory of solar system formation, which of the following best explains why the solar nebula ended up with a disk shape as it collapsed? A) The law of conservation of energy B) It flattened as a natural consequence of collisions between particles in the nebula. C) It was fairly flat to begin with, and retained this flat shape as it collapsed. D) The force of gravity pulled the material downward into a flat disk.
B) It flattened as a natural consequence of collisions between particles in the nebula.
What do we mean by the frost line when we discuss the formation of planets in the solar nebula? A) It is the altitude in a planet's atmosphere at which snow can form. B) It is a circle at a particular distance from the Sun, beyond which the temperature was low enough for ice to condense. C) It marks the special distance from the Sun at which hydrogen compounds D) It is another way of stating the temperature at which water freezes into ice.
B) It is a circle at a particular distance from the Sun, beyond which the temperature was low enough for ice to condense.
Suppose that Star X and Star Y both have redshifts, but Star X has a larger redshift than Star Y. What can you conclude? A) Star X is hotter than Star Y. B) Star X is moving away from us faster than Star Y. C) Star X is coming toward us faster than Star Y. D) Star X is moving away from us and Star Y is moving toward us. E) Star Y is moving away from us faster than Star X.
B) Star X is moving away from us faster than Star Y.
Assuming that other planetary systems form in the same way as our solar system formed, where would you expect to find terrestrial planets? A) Terrestrial planets will likely be located farther from the planetary system's star than any jovian planets. B) Terrestrial planets will likely be located nearer the planetary system's star than any jovian planets. C) There is no way to know where terrestrial planets are likely to
B) Terrestrial planets will likely be located nearer the planetary system's star than any jovian planets.
How is Einstein's famous equation, E = mc2, important in understanding the Sun? A) The Sun's surface temperature is about 6,000° Celsius. B) The Sun generates energy to shine by losing 4 million tons of mass each second. C) The Sun has a magnetic field strong enough to influence the atmospheres of the planets. D) The Sun is extremely massive.
B) The Sun generates energy to shine by losing 4 million tons of mass each second.
A planet is orbiting a star. Which of the following statements is true for the acceleration and gravitational forces experienced by the star and the planet? A) The force on the star is much smaller than the force on the planet, but the accelerations are about equal. B) The acceleration of the planet is much more than the acceleration of the star, but the force on the star is the same but opposite the force on the planet. C) The acceleration of the planet is much more than the acceleration of the star, and the force on the planet is much more than the force on the star.
B) The acceleration of the planet is much more than the acceleration of the star, but the force on the star is the same but opposite the force on the planet.
Which of the following conditions lead you to see an absorption line spectrum from a cloud of gas in interstellar space? A) The cloud is cool and very dense, so that you cannot see any objects that lie behind it. B) The cloud is cool and lies between you and a hot star. C) The cloud is extremely hot. D) The cloud is visible primarily because it reflects light from nearby stars.
B) The cloud is cool and lies between you and a hot star.
The angular separation of two stars is 0.1 arcseconds and you photograph them with a telescope that has an angular resolution of 1 arcsecond. What will you see? A) The two stars will appear to be touching, looking rather like a small dumbbell. B) The photo will seem to show only one star rather than two. C) The stars will not show up at all in your photograph. D) You will see two distinct stars in your photograph.
B) The photo will seem to show only one star rather than two.
Studying a spectrum from a star can tell us a lot. All of the following statements are true except one. Which statement is not true? A) The peak of the star's thermal emission tells us its temperature: hotter stars peak at shorter (bluer) wavelengths. B) The total amount of light in the spectrum tells us the star's radius. C) Shifts in the wavelengths of spectral lines compared to the wavelengths of those same lines measured in a laboratory on Earth can tell us the star's speed toward or away from us. D) We can identify chemical elements present in the star by recognizing patterns of spectral lines that correspond to particular chemicals.
B) The total amount of light in the spectrum tells us the star's radius.
The planet in our solar system with the highest average surface temperature is _________. A) Earth B) Venus C) Mercury D0 Neptune
B) Venus
Which of the following statements about X-rays and radio waves is not true? A) X-rays have higher frequency than radio waves. B) X-rays travel through space faster than radio waves. C) X-rays and radio waves are both forms of light, or electromagnetic radiation. D) X-rays have shorter wavelengths than radio waves.
B) X-rays travel through space faster than radio waves.
According to Newton's second law, the greater the force exerted on an object, the greater the object's _____. A) mass B) acceleration C) distance D) velocity
B) acceleration
The set of spectral lines that we see in a star's spectrum depends on the star's: A) interior temperature. B) chemical composition. C) rotation rate.
B) chemical composition.
Based on our current theory of Earth's formation, the water we drink comes from A) chemical reactions that occurred in Earth's core after Earth formed. B) comets that impacted Earth. C) chemical reactions that occurred in Earth's crust after Earth formed. D) material left behind during the giant impact that formed the Moon. E) ice that condensed in the solar nebula in the region where Earth formed.
B) comets that impacted Earth.
What is Jupiter's main ingredient? A) hydrogen compounds B) hydrogen and helium C) rock and metal
B) hydrogen and helium
Compared to their values on Earth, on another planet your A) mass and weight would both be the same. B) mass would be the same but your weight would be different. C) weight would be the same but your mass would be different.
B) mass would be the same but your weight would be different.
Compared to terrestrial planets, jovian planets are __________. A) more massive and higher in average density B) more massive and lower in average density C) less massive and lower in average density D) less massive and higher in average density
B) more massive and lower in average density
Newton's second law states: sum of forces = mass × acceleration. According to this, what property can you determine if you observe the acceleration of an object with a known mass? A) the value of a single force acting on B) the sum total of all forces acting on the object C) the current location of the object D) the current velocity of the object.
B) the sum total of all forces acting on the object
If we say that a material is opaque to ultraviolet light, we mean that it _________. A) emits ultraviolet light B) transmits ultraviolet light C) absorbs ultraviolet light D) reflects ultraviolet light
C) absorbs ultraviolet light
Which of the following describes a speed, according to an astronomer? A) 1000 rotations per second B) 20 meters per second, headed north C) 10 light-years per 1 million years D) 5 light-years
C) 10 light-years per 1 million years
Suppose you look at a spectrum of visible light by looking through a prism or diffraction grating. How can you decide whether it is an emission line spectrum or an absorption line spectrum? A) The emission line spectrum is produced by electrons jumping up in energy level, while the absorption line spectrum is produced by electrons jumping down in energy level. B) The only way to decide is to make a graph of the intensity of the light at every wavelength, and then analyze the graph carefully. C) An emission line spectrum consists of bright lines on a dark background, while an absorption line spectrum consists of dark lines on a rainbow background. D) An emission line spectrum consists of a long bright line, while an absorption line spectrum consists of a long dark line.
C) An emission line spectrum consists of bright lines on a dark background, while an absorption line spectrum consists of dark lines on a rainbow background.
According to our basic scenario of solar system formation, why do the jovian planets have numerous large moons? A) Because of their strong gravity, the jovian planets were able to capture numerous asteroids that happened to be passing nearby, and these became the major moons of the jovian planets. B) The many moons of the jovian planets remains one of the unexplained mysteries of the formation of our solar system. C) As the growing jovian planets captured gas from the solar nebula, the gas formed swirling disks around them, and moons formed from condensation accretion within these disks. D) The large moons of the jovian planets originally formed in the inner solar system, and these moons then migrated out to join up with the jovian planets.
C) As the growing jovian planets captured gas from the solar nebula, the gas formed swirling disks around them, and moons formed from condensation accretion within these disks.
According to the law of universal gravitation, what would happen to Earth if the Sun were somehow replaced by a black hole of the same mass? A) Earth would slowly into the black hole. B) Earth would be quickly sucked into the black hole. C) Earth's orbit would not change. D) Earth would slowly spiral into the black hole.
C) Earth's orbit would not change.
Why is a sunflower yellow? A) It emits yellow light. B) It absorbs yellow light. C) It reflects yellow light.
C) It reflects yellow light.
Imagine that an alien spaceship crashed onto Earth. Which statement would most likely be true? A) The aliens' home world is another planet in our own solar system. B) The crash would create a noticeable crater. C) It would crash in the ocean. D) All the evidence of the crash would be quickly whisked off by the U.S. military to Area 51 in Nevada
C) It would crash in the ocean.
Betelgeuse is the bright red star representing the left shoulder of the constellation Orion. All the following statements about Betelgeuse are true. Which one can you infer from its red color? A) It is moving away from us. B) It is much brighter than the Sun. C) Its surface is cooler than the surface of the Sun. D) It is much more massive than the Sun.
C) Its surface is cooler than the surface of the Sun.
In essence, the nebular theory holds that _________. A) nebulae are clouds of gas and dust in space B) the planets each formed from the collapse of its own separate nebula C) our solar system formed from the collapse of an interstellar cloud of gas and dust D) the nebular theory is a discarded idea that imagined planets forming as a result of a near-collision between our Sun and another star
C) Our solar system formed from the collapse of an interstellar cloud of gas and dust
Laboratory measurements show hydrogen produces a spectral line at a wavelength of 486.1 nanometers (nm). A particular star's spectrum shows the same hydrogen line at a wavelength of 486.0 nm. What can we conclude? A) The star is moving away from us. B) The star is getting colder. C) The star is moving toward us. D) The star is getting hotter.
C) The star is moving toward us.
Are there any exceptions to the rule that planets rotate with small axis tilts and in the same direction as they orbit the Sun? A) No B) Venus is the only exception. C) Venus and Uranus are exception
C) Venus and Uranus are exception
According to the laws of thermal radiation, hotter objects emit photons with _________. A) a higher average speed B) a lower average energy C) a shorter average wavelength
C) a shorter average wavelength
For the situations shown, the two objects we are concerned with are Earth and the spaceship, which both have constant masses. Therefore, the strength of gravity between them: __________. A) increases with the square of their distance apart B) increases in direct proportion to their distance apart C) decreases with the square of their distance apart D) decreases in direct proportion to their distance apart
C) decreases with the square of their distance apart
To make a rocket turn left, you need to: A) spin the rocket clockwise. B) fire an engine that shoots out gas to the left. C) fire an engine that shoots out gas to the right.
C) fire an engine that shoots out gas to the right.
The composition of the solar nebula was 98% A) rock and metal. B) hydrogen compounds. C) hydrogen and helium.
C) hydrogen and helium.
According to our theory of solar system formation, what are asteroids and comets? A) chunks of rock or ice that condensed after the planets and moons finished forming B) the shattered remains of collisions between planets C) leftover planetesimals that never accreted into planets D) chunks of rock or ice that were expelled from planets by volcanoes
C) leftover planetesimals that never accreted into planets
The force due to gravity between two objects can be described using the equation Fg = G M1 M2 / d2. In this equation, what does d represent? A) the universal gravitational constant B) the density of the smaller object C) the distance between the two objects
C) the distance between the two objects
Which moons are sometimes called the Galilean moons? A) the two largest moons in the solar system: Ganymede and Titan B) the moons that orbit their planet "backward" compared to their planet's rotation, such as Neptune's moon Triton C) the four largest moons of Jupiter: Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto D) the moons orbiting Uranus, which was once named "planet Galileo"
C) the four largest moons of Jupiter: Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto
In what way is Venus most similar to Earth? A) Both planets have similar surface geology. B) Both planets have warm days and cool nights. C) Both planets have very similar atmospheres. D) Both planets are nearly the same size.
D) Both planets are nearly the same size.
In what way is Venus most similar to Earth? A) Both planets have very similar atmospheres. B) Both planets have warm days and cool nights. C) Both planets have similar surface geology. D) Both planets are nearly the same size.
D) Both planets are nearly the same size.
Which of the following is not an advantage of the Hubble Space Telescope over ground-based telescopes? A) Stars do not twinkle when observed from space. B) It can observe infrared and ultraviolet light, as well as visible light. C) It never has to close because of cloudy skies. D) It is closer to the stars.
D) It is closer to the stars.
Which of the following is not a major difference between the terrestrial and jovian planets in our solar system? A) Terrestrial planets orbit much closer to the Sun than jovian planets. B) Jovian planets have rings, and terrestrial planets do not. C) Terrestrial planets are higher in average density than jovian planets. D) Terrestrial planets contain large quantities of ice, and jovian planets do not.
D) Terrestrial planets contain large quantities of ice, and jovian planets do not
Which of the following conditions lead you to see an absorption line spectrum from a cloud of gas in interstellar space? A) The cloud is extremely hot. B) The cloud is visible primarily because it reflects light from nearby stars. C) The cloud is cool and very dense, so that you cannot see any objects that lie behind it. D) The cloud is cool and lies between you and a hot star.
D) The cloud is cool and lies between you and a hot star.
The region of our solar system between Mercury and Mars has very few asteroids, while the region between Mars and Jupiter has many asteroids. Based on what you have learned, what is the most likely explanation for the lack of asteroids between Mercury and Mars? A) Gravity was too weak to allow asteroids to form in this part of the solar system. B) All the asteroids that formed between Mercury and Mars later migrated to the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. C) It was too hot for asteroids to form in this part of the solar system. D) There were very few planetary leftovers in this region because most of the solid material was accreted by the terrestrial planets as the planets formed.
D) There were very few planetary leftovers in this region because most of the solid material was accreted by the terrestrial planets as the planets formed.
Which planet is approximately halfway between Pluto's orbit and the Sun? A) Mars, the fourth planet from the Sun B) Jupiter, the fifth planet from the Sun C) Saturn, the sixth planet from the Sun D) Uranus, the seventh planet from the Sun
D) Uranus, the seventh planet from the Sun
Suppose you lived on the Moon. Which of the following would be true? A) Both your weight and your mass would be the same as they are on Earth. B) Your mass would be less than your mass on Earth, but your weight would be the same as it is on Earth. C) Both your weight and your mass would be less than they are on Earth. D) Your weight would be less than your weight on Earth, but your mass would be the same as it is on Earth.
D) Your weight would be less than your weight on Earth, but your mass would be the same as it is on Earth.
The spectra of most galaxies show redshifts. This means that their spectral lines _________. A) always are in the red part of the visible spectrum B) have wavelengths that are shorter than normal C) have a higher intensity in the red part of the spectrum D) have wavelengths that are longer than normal
D) have wavelengths that are longer than normal
If Earth were twice as far from the Sun, the force of gravity attracting Earth to the Sun would be A) twice as strong. B) one-third as strong. C) half as strong. D) one-quarter as strong.
D) one-quarter as strong.
Everything looks red through a red filter because A) the filter emits red light and absorbs other colors. B) the filter absorbs red light and emits other colors. C) the filter reflects red light and transmits other colors. D) the filter transmits red light and absorbs other colors.
D) the filter transmits red light and absorbs other colors.
What is the primary basis upon which we divide the ingredients of the solar nebula into four categories (hydrogen/helium; hydrogen compound; rock; metal)? A) the locations of various materials in the solar nebula B) the atomic mass numbers of various materials C) the amounts of energy required to ionize various materials D) the temperatures at which various materials will condense from gaseous form to solid form
D) the temperatures at which various materials will condense from gaseous form to solid form
If your mass is 60 kg on Earth, what would your mass be on the Moon? A) 10 kg B) 60 lb C) 10 lb D) 50 kg E) 60 kg
E) 60 kg
What is the acceleration of gravity at the surface of Earth? A) 9.8 m/s downward B) 9.8 m2/s downward C) 9.8 km/s downward D) 9.8 km/s2 downward E) 9.8 m/s2 downward
E) 9.8 m/s2 downward
The planets never travel in a straight line as they orbit the sun. According to Newtons second law of motion, this must mean that. a) planets are always accelerating b) planets will eventually gall into the sun c) a force is acting on planets d) the planets have angular momentum
c) a force is acting on planets
