Athletic Traing CH 20

What is the differentiation between a cervical fracture and a cervical dislocation?

A unilateral dislocation causes the neck to be tilted toward the dislocation side, with extreme muscle tightness on the elongated side and a relaxed muscle state on the titled side.

Stiffness in the neck due to pinching of synovial membrane

Acute torticollis

Pinched nerve from stretch or compression to brachial plexus

Burner or stinger

​What is the mechanism of injury for a brachial plexus injury? Or pInched nerve

Burning sensations, numbness, and tingling, pain extending from the shoulder down to the hand with some loss of function of the arm and hand that last for several minutes.

List the signs of a herniated lumbar disk.

Centrally located pain that radiated one side of the buttocks and down the back of the leg or pain that spreads across the back

Occurs from violent flexion and rotation of the head

Cervical dislocation

Indicates a sacroiliac joint problem

Compression/distraction test

Most often occurs between the L4-L5 vertebrae

Herniated disk

What muscles are often involved in a neck or upper back strain?

Muscles involved are the upper trapezius, sterno-cleidomatoid, and the scalene on the front of the neck and the splenius capitis and cervical

What is the mechanism of injury for a cervical fracture?

Neck point tenderness, and restrictive movement, cervical pain in the chest and extremities, numbness in the truck, paralysis in limbs and or trunk

​When can an athlete return to participation following a brachial plexus injury?

Once the symptoms have completely resolved and there are no associated neurological symptoms the athlete may return to full activity

What is the mechanism of injury for a cervical sprain (whiplash)?

Reluctance to move the neck in any direction, point tenderness , no initial pain until the day after

Inflammatory condition of a nerve that can accompany low back pain

Sciatica

Forward slippage of lumbar vertebrae

Spondylolisthesis

Defect in the articular process

Spondylolysis

Indicates a sciatic nerve, SI joint or lumbar spine problem

Straight leg raise

Another name for a cervical sprain

Whiplash

​How many vertebrae are present in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine?

​33 different vertebrae

List the common causes of low back pain.

​Congenital anomalies, faulty postures, trauma to the back, including sprains, strains, or contusions

What are the signs and symptoms in a cervical fracture?

​Neck point tenderness and restricted movement, cervical muscle spasm, pain in the chest and extremities, numbness in trunk, loss of bladder, paralysis in limbs.

​How can a compression fracture of a lumbar vertebra occur?

​Occurs from the hyper flexion of the trunk, or falling and land on your feet or buttocks

​What is the main function of the intervertebral disk?

​The disk acts as a absorbers for the spine