ATI Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Regulation

A nurse is reviewing prescriptions for a client who needs intravenous fluid replacement therapy due to vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the following fluid prescription should the nurse expect to initiate? - 3% sodium chloride solution - 0.9% sodium chloride solution - 0.45% sodium chloride solution - Dextrose 10% in water

- 0.9% sodium chloride solution

A nurse is calculating a client intake and output for the last four hours. The client consumed 480 mL of water and 240 mL of coffee. The client has also received IV fluids for four hours infusing at 100 mL/hr period which of the following amounts represents the clients intake over the last four hours? - 1120 mL - 720 mL - 480 mL - 580 mL

- 1120 mL

A nurse is receiving report on four clients. The nurse should identify which of the following clients might be experiencing hypomagnesemia? - A client who is vomited 4 times during the last 8 hours - A client who has requested an extra breakfast tray to eat - A client who can ambulate without assistance - A client who reports extreme thirst

- A client who is vomited 4 times during the last 8 hours

A nurse is caring for a client who has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) values: pH 7.44, PaCO2 37mmHg, and HCO3- 24 mEq/L. The nurse should identify that these values are an indication of which of the following? - Metabolic acidosis - Respiratory acidosis - Acid-base balance - Respiratory alkalosis

- Acid-base balance

A nurse is preparing to administer 1950 mL of 0.45% sodium chloride IV to infuse over 13 hours. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Using a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero)

150 mL/hr

A nurse is preparing to administer 4200 mL of intravenous fluids to a client to infuse over 24 hours. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use trailing zero.)

175 mL/hr

A nurse is caring for a client who requires a replacement peripheral IV. The client is dehydrated and requires a smaller gauge catheter than the 20 gauge being replaced. Which of the following gauge catheters should the nurse plan to use? - 16 gauge - 18 gauge - 22 gauge - 14 gauge

22 gauge

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription to receive a unit of packed red blood cells. The nurse should plan to infuse the blood over which of the following lengths of time? - 1 hr - 2 hr - 4 hr - 6 hr

4 hr

A nurse is participating in a blood drive and is taking a donation from a client who has type A- blood. The client asked the nurse what blood type can receive their blood donation. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? (Select all that apply) - A+ - B+ - O+ - AB- - AB+ - A-

A+, AB-, AB+, A-

A nurse has completed assessing and analyzing data for a client who has an acid-base imbalance. Which of the following steps of the nursing process should the nurse take next? - Implementation - Reassessment - Evaluation - Planning

- Planning

A nurse is caring for a client who has peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). For which of the following complications should the nurse monitor? - The need for multiple IV sticks - infection at the access site - dehydration - infiltration

- infection at the access site

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is experiencing dehydration. The nurse should identify that which of the following factors increases the risk for dehydration in older adult clients? (Select all that apply) - Decreased kidney function - Decreased thirst response - Decreased total body fluid - Eating watermelon daily - Eating cucumbers with each meal

- Decreased kidney function - Decreased thirst response - Decreased total body fluid

A nurse is reviewing the latest arterial blood gas (ABG) values for a client who is experiencing metabolic alkalosis. The nurse should identify that this action is part of which of the following steps in the nursing process? - Planning - Assessment - Evaluation - Implementation

- Evaluation

A nurse is reviewing arterial blood gas (ABG) values for a client who is experiencing uncompensated metabolic acidosis. Which of the following ABG values should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply) - HCO3- 19 mEq/L - pH 7.29 - PaCO2 49 mmHg - pH 7.49 - PaCO2 35 mmHg

- HCO3- 19 mEq/L - pH 7.29 - PaCO2 35 mmHg

A nurse is preparing to start an IV for a client who has a high risk for bleeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - Apply a cold compress to the selected IV site - Ask the client to hold the extremity up prior to searching for an IV site - Ask the client to spread the fingers of the selected extremity - Apply a blood pressure cuff set to 30 mmHg

- Apply a blood pressure cuff set to 30 mmHg

A nurse is assessing a client who has been receiving IV therapy for several days and notes that the client's daily weight has increased. The nurse should identify that the client is at an increased risk for developing which of the following IV related complications? - Phlebitis - Extravasation - Air embolism - Circulatory overload

- Circulatory overload

A nurse caring for a client who is in experiencing hypovolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority to report to the provider? - Dry mucous membranes - Decrease urine output - Report of thirst - Decrease in level of consciousness

- Decrease in level of consciousness

A nurse is caring for a client who has an acid base imbalance and is experiencing hypoxia. Which of the following action should the nurse take first? - Initiate continuous cardiac monitoring - elevate the head of the client's bed - instruct the client to deep breathe and cough - initiate continuous SPO2 monitoring

- elevate the head of the client's bed

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) values for a client and notes the following results: pH 7.49, PaCO2 39 mmHg, and HCO3- 35 mEq/L. The nurse should interpret this ABG reading as an indication of which of the following acid-base imbalances? - Metabolic acidosis - Respiratory acidosis - metabolic alkalosis - respiratory alkalosis

- metabolic alkalosis

A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client and the following ABG values: pH 7.31. PaCO2 49 mmHg, and HCO3- 25 mEq/L. The nurse should interpret these findings as an indication of which of the following acid base imbalances? - Metabolic acidosis - respiratory acidosis - metabolic alkalosis - respiratory alkalosis

- respiratory acidosis

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about using the nursing process when caring for a client who has an acid-base imbalance. The nurse should include that the stages of the nursing process should be performed in what order? - Assessment - Implementation - Analysis - Planning - Evaluation

o Assessment, Analysis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following action should be the goal of treatment for the client? - Increase the carbon dioxide level - increase the respiratory rate - increase the bicarbonate level - increase the pH level

- Increase the carbon dioxide level

A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results. Which of the following results should the nurse report to the provider? - Potassium 4.5 mEq/L - Sodium 138 mEq/L - Magnesium 3 mEq/L - Calcium 10 mg/dL

- Magnesium 3 mEq/L

A nurse is reviewing a client latest arterial blood gas (ABG) report. Which of the following values should the nurse identify as the priority to report to the provider? - pH 7.37 - PaCO2 43 mmHg - HCO3- 27 mEq/L - PaO2 76 mmHg

- PaO2 76 mmHg

A nurse on a pediatric floor is teaching a newly licensed nurse about IV therapy. which of the following information should the nurse include? - Perform range of motion exercises on the extremity containing the IV site - Shave the client's hair if the IV is to be placed in the scalp - IV sites can be placed in the lower extremities up to the age of two years - Monitor the IV site, tubing, in connections every four hours

- Perform range of motion exercises on the extremity containing the IV site

A nurse is assessing a client who is exhibiting signs of a fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a potential cause for the client's fluid and electrolyte imbalance? - The client reports working in a warehouse in 21.1° C (70° F) temperature - The client reports that they performed yard work for eight hours in 35° C (95° F) temperature earlier that day - The client reports that their provider decreased their diuretic dose - The client reports that they had a 24-hour intestinal virus two weeks ago

- The client reports that they performed yard work for eight hours in 35° C (95° F) temperature earlier that day

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving treatment for hyponatremia. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is an indication that the treatment has been effective? (Select all that apply) - The client states their muscle spasms are absent - the client reports a headache - The client denies being confused - The client reports being nauseated - The client reports feeling tired

- The client states their muscle spasms are absent - The client denies being confused

A charge nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse who is preparing to administer a blood transfusion to a client. For which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse should the charge nurse intervene? - The nurse selects 0.45% sodium chloride to use to prime the tubing - The nurse asked another nurse to check the blood unit label in client identification prior to beginning the transfusion - the nurse uses tubing with a filter for the blood transfusion - the nurse discards the tubing after the first unit of blood is completed

- The nurse selects 0.45% sodium chloride to use to prime the tubing

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription to receive one unit of packed red blood cells. The client's blood type is AB+, and the nurse receives a unit of A- blood from the blood bank. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - Return the blood unit as it is not compatible with the client's blood type - Stay with the client for 15 minutes prior to starting the blood transfusion - Verify the unit of blood with another nurse - Prime the blood tubing with 0.45% sodium chloride

- Verify the unit of blood with another nurse

A nurse is participating in a blood drive and is taking a donation from a client who has type O+ blood. The client asked the nurse what type of blood they can receive. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? - You can receive a blood donation from donors with Type O- and type O+ blood - You can receive a blood donation from donors with type B- and type A+ blood - You can receive a blood donation from donors with type B- and type AB+ blood - You can receive a blood donation from donors with type AB- and type A- blood

- You can receive a blood donation from donors with Type O- and type O+ blood