ATI Learning System Gerontology

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about calcium supplements with an older adult female client who has osteoporosis and recent repair of a fracture in her right hip. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "You should take your calcium supplement with a large glass of water." B. "You should increase your intake of grain cereals while taking calcium supplements." C. "You should take at least 2600 milligrams of calcium supplements daily." D. "You will not need to take vitamin D with your calcium supplement because you are postmenopausal."

A. "You should take your calcium supplement with a large glass of water."

A nurse at an ophthalmology clinic is collecting data from a client referred by the provider for a potential cataract. Which of the following client reports should the nurse recognize is consistent with cataracts? A. Halos when looking at lights B. Loss of peripheral vision C. Bright flashes of light and floaters D. Eyestrain and headache with close work

A. Halos when looking at lights

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has gout and refuses to eat. The client's provider has approved the family to bring food from home. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend that the client not eat? A. Lentil soup B. Cheese sandwich C. Yogurt D. Dried fruits

A. Lentil soup

A nurse at an assisted living center is conducting an orientation session for a group of newly hired assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include regarding clients who are hearing impaired? A. Maintain eye contact with the clients B. Stand to one side of the clients and speak into their good ears C. Speak loudly with exaggerated enunciation D. Ask only question with yes or no answers

A. Maintain eye contact with the clients

A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with an older adult client who is on bedrest following development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) about to increase peristalsis. Which of the following high-fiber food choices should the nurse recommend? A. Navy bean soup B. Canned fruit juice C. White rice pudding D. Soy milk

A. Navy bean soup

A nurse is assisting with the care of an older adult client who has dementia. The client becomes agitated and confused at night and wanders into the hallway. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Place the client's mattress on the floor B. Restrain the client during the nighttime hours C. Provide continuous orientation to the client D. Turn out the lights in the client's room at night

A. Place the client's mattress on the floor

A nurse is planning to administer diphenhydramine hydrochloride to an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take prior to administration? A. Review the medical record for a client history of glaucoma B. Plan to administer the medication 30 min prior to a meal C. Explain to the client he will need to restrict his fluid intake once he takes the medication D. Remind the client that his appetite might increase when starting the medication

A. Review the medical record for a client history of glaucoma

A nurse at a long-term care facility is assisting with planning care for a group of older adult clients. When planning care, the nurse should consider that older adult clients are most likely to exhibit a decrease in which of the following? A. Short-term memory B. Creative ability C. Decision-making skills D. Cognitive capacity

A. Short-term memory

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who has osteoarthritis of the right hip and lower lumbar vertebrae. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should avoid the use of a heating pad on my back." B. "To relieve the pressure on my hip, I can use a can while ambulating." C. "I have steroid injections to my joints as the first mediation of choice to treat my pain." D. "I will exercise even if it causes pain."

B. "To relieve the pressure on my hip, I can use a can while ambulating."

A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to collect subjective data? A. Leave the client a written questionnaire to fill out in private B. Allow sufficient time for the client to respond to the questions C. Talk to family members to obtain the client's health history D. Obtain the health history from the client's medical record

B. Allow sufficient time for the client to respond to the questions

A nurse us contributing to the plan of care for a client who had a recent stroke and a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). For which of the following disorders should the nurse plan to monitor this client? A. Duodenal ulcer disease B. Aspiration pneumonia C. Viral pneumonia D. Esophageal varices

B. Aspiration pneumonia

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly hired assistive personnel about her role in helping older adult clients with activities of daily living. The nurse should explain that which of the following is the most common factor that affects a client's ability to perform ADLs? A. Social withdrawal B. Chronic physical disability C. Emotional impairment D. Cognitive dysfunction

B. Chronic physical disability

A nurse is assisting with the admission of an older adult client who fell at home 3 days ago. The client has a fractured hip, malnutrition, and dehydration. Which of the following laboratory values, noted on admission, should indicate to the nurse prolonged malnutrition? A. Increased sodium B. Decreased albumin C. Increased BUN D. Decreased blood glucose

B. Decreased albumin

A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client for signs of dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse consider an expected part of the aging process? A. Elevation of urine specific gravity B. Decreased creatinine clearance C. Dry oral mucous membranes D. Poor skin turgor over the sternum

B. Decreased creatinine clearance

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a new onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following physiologic changes contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes? A. Increased production of insulin by the pancreas B. Decreased sensitivity to the circulating insulin C. Increased rate of glucose metabolism D. Decreased release of glycogen by the liver

B. Decreased sensitivity to the circulating insulin

A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client during an annual physical. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. BP 118/76 mm Hg B. Fasting blood glucose level 160 mg/dL C. Report of waking to void two to three times per night D. Report of a bowel movement every other day

B. Fasting blood glucose level 160 mg/dL

A nurse is caring for an older adult client. Which of the following physiologic changes associated with aging can affect medication dosage in this client? A. Increased glomerular filtration rate B. Decreased body fat C. Decreased gastric motility D. Decreased gastric pH

C. Decreased gastric motility

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has pneumonia. Which of the following physiologic changes associated with aging places the client at a greater risk for pneumonia? A. Decreased anterior-posterior diameter B. Increased diameter of the small airways C. Decreased number of cilia D. Increased alveolar surface area

C. Decreased number of cilia

A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who states he is homeless. Which of the following findings should the nurse document as comorbidities for this client? A. Inadequate shelter and clothing for the weather B. Malnutrition and poverty C. Dementia and tuberculosis D. Lack of preventive health care and immunizations

C. Dementia and tuberculosis

A nurse in the clinic is assessing an older adult client for the second time this week. The client reports a decreased energy level, insomnia, and anorexia. Diagnostic tests are within the expected reference ranges. For which of the following conditions should the nurse screen the client? A. Sarcopenia B. Dementia C. Depression D. Diabetes

C. Depression

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is postmenopausal and has osteoporosis. The client has a new prescription for alendronate sodium. Which of the following findings in the client's history should the nurse recognize is a contradiction to this medication? A. Glaucoma B. Paget's disease C. Esophageal stricture D. Long-term corticosteriod use

C. Esophageal stricture This indicates for delayed esophageal emptying.

A nurse in a long-term care facility is promoting reminiscence among older adult clients. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Establish a weekly pet therapy visitation program B. Place a calendar and clock in each resident's room C. Institute a daily storytelling hour D. Encourage all clients to eat their meals in the dining room

C. Institute a daily storytelling hour

A nurse is participating on a committee that is developing age-appropriate care standards for older adult clients. Which of the following of Erikson's developmental tasks should the nurse recommend as the focus? A. Intimacy B. Identity C. Integrity D. Initiative

C. Integrity

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of older adult female clients who are postmenopausal about dietary requirements. Which of the following statements about the role of folic acid should the nurse take? A. "Clients who are postmenopausal need to limit their intake of folic acid to reduce their risk of stroke." B. "Dietary folic acid is not of significant importance after the childbearing years." C. "Healthy clients who are postmenopausal require a daily folic acid supplement." D. "Adequate folic acid intake is associated with a reduced risk for heart disease."

D. "Adequate folic acid intake is associated with a reduced risk for heart disease."

An older adult client tells a nurse at a health fair "I am always forgetting things. I cannot even remember where I parked my car! Do you think I have Alzheimer's disease?" Which of the following is a therapeutic response by the nurse? A. "Maybe. Perhaps you should discuss your concerns with your doctor." B. "I am forgetful too. I can't remember where I parked my car either!" C. "You're probably just having 'senior movements.' Everyone has memory lapses." D. "That must be very upsetting. Can you tell me about your forgetfulness?"

D. "That must be very upsetting. Can you tell me about your forgetfulness?"

A nurse is caring for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and refused to take her morning anti-hypertensive medication. The client is orientated to name and place and is able to perform ADLs with minimal supervision. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Crush the pills and feed them to the client in applesauce B. Insist the client comply by informing her of the possible implications of missing a dose C. Notify the provider of the need for further evaluation of the client's level of competence D. Ask the client to express her reasons for refusing the medication and document the event

D. Ask the client to express her reasons for refusing the medication and document the event

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who has anemia. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to increase the client's iron intake? A. Greek yogurt B. Bran muffin C. Peanut butter sandwich D. Dried fruit

D. Dried fruit

A nurse is assisting with planning care for an older adult client following abdominal surgery for a bowel obstruction. Which of the following information about pain management should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Older adult clients have a diminished capacity to perceive pain B. Older adult clients should not take narcotics for pain control C. Older adult clients have increased pain as a normal part of aging D. Older adult clients are sensitive to the analgesic effect of opiates

D. Older adult clients are sensitive to the analgesic effect of opiates

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who had a stroke. Which of the following goals should the nurse identify as the priority for this client? A. The client's skin will remain intact during hospitalization? A. The client's skin will remain intact during hospitalization B. The client will verbalize one new word each week C. The client will begin to help turn himself in bed, indicating improved mobility D. The client's airway will remain clear, as evidenced by clear breath sounds

D. The client's airway will remain clear, as evidenced by clear breath sounds

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of healthy older adult clients about health screenings after age 50 years. Which of the following health screenings should the nurse recommend that the clients complete annually? A. Cholesterol B. Colonscopy C. Diabetes mellitus D. Visual acuity

D. Visual acuity