ATI pharm neurological system questions

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for lithium carbonate about reducing the risk for lithium toxicity. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Consume a low-sodium diet. Reduce fluid intake. Avoid taking NSAIDs. Take the drug with food.

Avoid taking NSAIDs. - NSAIDs increase renal reabsorption of lithium and sodium. Clients who take lithium should not take NSAIDs.

A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted to the emergency department with a head injury. The nurse notes that the client has an existing prescription for bupropion hydrochloride to treat depression. For which of the following adverse effects is the client at increased risk? Ischemic stroke Drowsiness Respiratory depression Seizure activity

Bupropion, an atypical antidepressant, can cause seizure activity when clients take high doses or have a seizure disorder, a CNS tumor, or a history of head trauma.

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizoaffective disorder and who has been prescribed chlorpromazine IV. Which of the following client findings should the nurse monitor after administering the medication? BUN level Blood pressure Urine specific gravity Pedal pulse strength

Clients who receive chlorpromazine are at risk for hypotension during and immediately after IV administration. The client should remain supine for 30 min while the nurse monitors their blood pressure. The nurse should instruct the client to change positions slowly as a safety precaution to prevent client injury. This medication can also cause orthostatic hypotension

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a prescription for phenelzine. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid tyramine-enriched foods because of an increased risk for which of the following adverse reactions?

Hypertensive crisis

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking venlafaxine to treat major depressive disorder. The nurse should identify that which of the following drugs can cause serotonin syndrome when taken concurrently with venlafaxine? Alprazolam Phenytoin Phenelzine Pilocarpine

Phenelzine - Clients should not take venlafaxine, a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, within 14 days of taking phenelzine, other MAOIs, or serotonergic drugs. Serotonin syndrome is a life-threatening complication characterized by anxiety, confusion, hallucinations, and fever.

A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who has a new prescription for a reduced dosage of alprazolam for anxiety. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the reason for the prescription modification? Renal Function Impairment Cataracts Recent weight Loss Smoking

Renal Function Impairment

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium carbonate to treat bipolar disorder. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse recommend that the client undergo periodically? Chest x-ray Tonometry ​Thyroid function tests Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

​Thyroid function tests

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for diazepam for anxiety disorders. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? "It is not a big deal if I forget my pills for a couple of days." "I should limit alcohol intake to one drink daily while taking this medication." "I will avoid salt because this medication can increase my blood pressure." "If I become pregnant, it is important to let my health care provider know."

"If I become pregnant, it is important to let my health care provider know." Diazepam can increase the risk of congenital malformations and is contraindicated for clients who are pregnant.

A nurse is caring for a client who recently began taking chlorpromazine to treat schizophrenia and who was admitted to the emergency room with spasms of their face and back. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse suspect? Cholinergic Crisis Serotonin Syndrome Stevens-Johnson syndrom Acute Dystonia

Extrapyramidal effects - Acute dystonia can develop during the first few days of treatment with chlorpromazine. Manifestations include muscle spasms of the back, neck, face, and tongue. Treatment includes immediate administration of an anticholinergic drug, such as diphenhydramine.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for fluoxetine and who reports self-administering St. John's wort daily for the past 2 weeks. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider as an indication of serotonin syndrome? Hallucinations Decreased temperature Hypersexual behavior Constipation

Hallucinations are an expected finding of serotonin syndrome. SSRIs are contraindicated with St. John's wort because the combination can increase the risk of developing serotonin syndrome.

When reviewing the indications for various antidepressants, a nurse should identify that bupropion hydrochloride is an appropriate choice for clients who have which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Insomnia Nicotine addiction Depression Seasonal affective Disorder Motion Sickness

Nicotine addiction Depression Seasonal affective Disorder

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking lithium carbonate to treat bipolar disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following findings as indications of lithium toxicity? (Select all that apply.) Tremors Confusion Bronchospasm Nausea Muscle weakness

Tremors is correct. A fine hand tremor is an early indication of lithium toxicity. A coarse tremor indicates advanced toxicity that can lead to seizure activity. Confusion is correct. Confusion, slurred speech, and ataxia are indications of lithium toxicity that develop because of the drug's narrow therapeutic range. Bronchospasm is incorrect. Lithium toxicity is unlikely to cause bronchospasm because it does not usually affect the respiratory system. Nausea is correct. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are early indications of lithium toxicity that develop because of the drug's narrow therapeutic range. Clients should report any of these adverse effects. Muscle weakness is correct. Muscle weakness is an early indication of lithium toxicity that develops because of the drug's narrow therapeutic range. The nurse should monitor lithium levels periodically.