AVIT 323 Stage 255
How long is the ND state registration valid?
1 year
How does pressure affect air density?
As pressure increases, air density increases. As pressure decreases, air density decreases.
Why should you not turn more than 30* in the traffic pattern?
At any bank angle above 30*, the load factor increases exponentially
Why does Vo increase with weight?
At heavier weights, the aircraft flies at a higher AOA which makes it closer to the critical AOA and will make it stall sooner than a lighter aircraft
When is a spin most likely to occur?
At slow airspeeds and high angles of attack In the traffic pattern from base to final or turning crosswind
Where can you find the airworthiness certificate in the Archer?
Baggage compartment
Where is the federal registration found in the piper archer?
Baggage compartment
Where is the state registration found in the piper archer?
Baggage compartment
What affects stall speed?
CG Location Density Altitude Load Factor Weight Power Flaps
When would an aircraft registration be invalid?
1. Aircraft registered under laws of a foreign country 2. Aircraft's registration cancelled at owners request 3. Aircraft is destroyed or scrapped 4. Ownership of aircraft is transferred 5. Holder of certificate loses US citizenship
How does density altitude affect performance
A high density altitude reduces performance because the air is less dense, while a low density altitude increases performance because the air is more dense.
What is an advisory circular (AC)?
ACs are used by the FAA as a means of issuing nonregulatory information to pilots, mechanics, and manufacturers.
What are the steps that you need to take without an MEL?
ATOMATO FLAMES (91.205) VFR Day type certificate (FAA website) Kinds of Operation (POH sec 2) Airworthiness Directives and Service Bulletins PIC decision to remove or placard and deactivate
What effects does CG have on performance and stability?
Aft CG: decreased static and dynamic longitudinal stability Forward CG: increased static and dynamic longitudinal stability
When can you log night time?
After end of evening civil twilight and before the beginning of morning civil twilight (Usually 30 min after sunset to 30 min before sunrise)
What is a spin?
Aggravated stall with yaw
What is an anti servo tab?
Aids longitudinal stability by moving "in the same direction as the stabilator, but with increased travel," This increased travel creates increased felt forces on the yoke, and naturally wants to force the stabilator back into its previous state. Thus, it wants to dampen out the pilot's inputs. Also, can be used as trim. (POH 7.3, 7-2)
How does a wing produce lift?
Airplane wings are shaped to make air move faster over the top of the wing. When air moves faster, the pressure of the air decreases. So the pressure on the top of the wing is less than the pressure on the bottom of the wing. The difference in pressure creates a force on the wing that lifts the wing up into the air.
What is considered a complex aircraft?
An airplane that has retractable gear, flaps, and controllable pitch prop
What are the required inspections? AV1ATE
Annual VOR (30 days) 100 hr Altimeter (24 cal months) Transponder (24 cal months) ELT (12 cal months/after 1 hr of cumulative use/50% battery life)
How does an anti servo tab provide positive static stability?
Creates higher control forces preventing over control. By moving in the same direction, it naturally wants to force the stabilator back down to its original state.
What is category, class, and type in regards to aircraft?
Category: Airplane, glider, rotorcraft, hot air balloon Class: Single engine land, multi engine land, etc. Type: piper, seminole, cessna
How does CG location affect stall speed?
Forward: more stable, worse performance, slower speeds, higher stall speed Aft: less stable, better performance, faster speeds, lower stall speed
What are the phases of a spin and what happens in each one?
Entry: low speed/high AOA (stall) Incipient: forces not balanced (wing drop + first two turns) Developed: forces balanced, flight path vertical (spin) Recovery: controls applied to recover and maintain straight and level, AOA decreased past critical AOA
How does density altitude affect stall speed?
High altitude = Higher stall speed Low altitude = Lower stall speed
What are some types of endorsements you can get?
High performance High altitude (pressurized aircraft above FL250 service ceiling) Complex Tail wheel
How does humidity affect air density?
Humid air is less dense Dry air is more dense
When would you need DME for instrument flight?
If flying above FL240
Where must the airworthiness certificate be located?
In a visible location where its legible to all passengers and crew
Where can you find the specific weight and balance?
In the aircraft specific manual
Where can you find the VFR day type certificate?
FAA website
Who should you contact if you want a special flight permit?
FSDO (closest is in Fargo)
In which direction does your CG move as you burn fuel?
Forward
When do you need to have a type rating?
Large Aircraft over 12,500 pounds Turbojet powered airplanes
What do you need to have to act as PIC with passengers?
Logbook endorsement showing a completed flight review within the preceding 24 calendar months
What can happen if you go over the maximum weight?
Longer climbs and takeoff distances Lower performance Harder to recover from stalls and spins Puts unnecessary stress on the engine Increases load factor during maneuvers
What documents are required on board an aircraft prior to flight? MARROWS
MEL Airworthiness Certificate Radio License Registration Federal and State Operators Handbook (POH) Weight and Balance Supplements (G1000 or standby)
If your aircraft has an approved MEL and the inoperative equipment is not listed in the MEL, is the aircraft airworthy?
No
Do you need to log every flight?
No, only if it is a flight for currency or in furtherance of a certificate
Can a pilot with a commercial certificate and multi engine land rating carry passengers in a single engine airplane?
No, unless the PIC holds a category, class, and type rating for that aircraft
Are you allowed to fly a high performance aircraft or a complex with a commercial certificate?
Not unless you have received an endorsement after logging flight/ground training from an authorized instructor
Do you need to carry a logbook as a private pilot?
Not unless you're carrying passengers
In an MEL what does the O mean? What does the M mean?
O: indicates a requirement for a specific operations procedure which must be accomplished in planning for and/or operating with the listed item inoperative M: aircraft is un-airworthy and maintenance must be performed by a certified mechanic
When can an aircraft have passengers again after maintenance?
Once it has been approved for return by an authorized person and a rated private pilot flies it and logs the flight
Where can you find a list of preventative maintenance that you as a pilot can perform?
Part 43 Appendix A
What can a utility aircraft do?
Perform limited acrobatic maneuvers (bank angles greater than 60*)
PAVE
Pilot Aircraft enVironment External Pressures
What documents are you required to have readily accesible to act as PIC?
Pilot Certificate Medical Government Issued ID
What are the parts of an MEL?
Preamble Procedures Document Master MEL (MMEL) Letter of Authorization
How do you calculate density altitude?
Pressure altitude + (120 x (OAT - 13 (ISA Temperature for GFK))
What are the maximum weights for the archer?
Ramp: 2558 lbs (normal) 2138 lbs (utility) Takeoff: 2550 lbs (normal) 2130 lbs (utility)
What is a service bulletin (SB)?
Set by the manufacturer and are not mandatory in nature but highly recommended
When would you need a Radio Operating License?
International flights
Why would you not want to use ailerons in a spin?
It could deepen the stall and further aggravate the spin which makes it flatten
When does your pilot certificate expire?
It doesn't unless it is revoked
What is an airworthiness directive (AD)?
It is a directive enforced by the FAA. A legally enforceable rule that addresses safety issues of aircraft.
What is an MEL and what does it allow us to do?
It is a minimum equipment list issued by the FAA for a specific aircraft. It tells you what you have to have operational for every flight and what you can fly without
How do we obtain an MEL?
Through a FSDO
Why do you want to bring the throttle to idle in a spin recovery?
To reduce the AOA
What are the type of VOR checks and their acceptable degrees of error?
VOT: +/- 4 Repair Station: +/- 4 VOR Ground Checkpoint: +/- 4 Dual VOR: +/- 4 VOR Airborne Checkpoint: +/- 6 Above a prominent landmark on a selected radial at least 20 NM from a VOR, flying at a "reasonable low altitude": +/- 6
How does weight affect stall speed?
Weight increases = stall speed increases Weight decreases = stall speed decreases (At heavier weights, the aircraft needs a higher AOA to maintain lift which makes it closer to the critical AOA)
What is the required equipment for IFR flight? GRABCARDD
What is required for day and night, and: Generator/Alternator Radio Altimeter Ball (Inclinometer) Clock Attitude indicator Rate of turn indicator Directional gyro (heading indicator) DME (above FL240)
What is the required equipment for night VFR? FLAPS
Whats required for day and: Fuses Landing light (if for hire) Anti collision light (strobes) Position lights (NAV light) Source of power
What is a special flight permit (ferry permit) and when would you need it?
When the aircraft does not meet airworthiness requirements, but is safe for flight Used to transfer to an airport for maintenance or delivery after purchase
How does the load factor affect stall speed?
Stall speed increases with load factor (ex: aggravated stall) (increased horizontal component of lift = decreased vertical component of lift)
How does temperature affect air density?
The hotter the air, the less dense. The cooler the air, the more dense.
What is Vo?
The maximum maneuverability speed or the speed that will make the aircraft stall before reaching it's structural limits
What is (basic) empty weight?
The weight of an aircraft without passengers, baggage, and fuel
What is payload?
The weight of passengers and cargo
What is standard empty weight?
The weight of the aircraft including unusable fuel, full operating fluids, and full engine oil
How long is a airworthiness certificate valid? Can it be transferred when bought?
It's valid as long as the aircraft remains airworthy and can be transferred when purchased
How do you calculate pressure altitude?
(29.92 - current altimeter setting) x 1000 + field elevation
What is a flight review and when would you need to conduct one?
1h of flight and 1h of ground to remain current and proficient. Needs to be done every 24 calendar months unless you've passed a certificate granting stage check, or if you're a current CFI you only need to conduct the flight.
What is the maximum weight for the baggage area?
200 lbs
What are you required to complete if you want to carry passengers as a PIC?
3 takeoffs and landings within 90 days* *For night, takeoffs and landings need to be conducted at night to a full stop
How long do you have to notify the FAA of an address change?
30 days
How long is the federal registration valid?
7 years
How long must you keep your maintenance and alteration records?
For one year or until superseded
Where can you find the Kinds of operation?
POH sec 2
If we have an MEL do we have to use it?
Yes
If you are night current are you also day current?
Yes
What should be in the maintenance records?
The description of the work done Date Signature and certificate number of the person approving the aircraft for return to service
Can we fly with inoperative equipment?
Yes, as long as it's not required by your: MEL ATOMATO FLAMES (91.205) ADs Service bulletins VFR Day type certificate
Landing lights are required for a night type certificate, does UND need a landing light?
Yes, because it's required when it's for hire
Can an annual take place of a 100hr?
Yes, but not the other way around
Are both wings stalled in a spin?
Yes, one is just more stalled than the other
As a pilot can you do any sort of maintenance?
Yes, preventative maintenance (oil changes, changing lightbulbs etc.)
What is the required equipment for day VFR? ATOMATO FLAMES
Anti collision light Tachometer (RPM) Oil temperature Manifold pressure gauge Airspeed indicator Temperature gauge Oil pressure Fuel gauge Landing gear position indicator Altimeter Magnetic compass ELT Seatbelts
What is considered a high performance aircraft?
Any aircraft with 200HP +
IMSAFE
Illness Medication Stress Alcohol Fatigue Eating/Emotion
How does air density affect aircraft performance?
More dense air = better performance Less dense air = worse performance
What is static stability?
The initial tendency of an object to return to its previously undisturbed state
What is negative static stability?
The initial tendency of the aircraft to continue away from the original state of equilibrium after being disturbed
What is neutral static stability?
The initial tendency of the aircraft to remain in a new condition after its equilibrium has been disturbed
What is positive static stability?
The initial tendency of the aircraft to return to the original state of equilibrium after being disturbed
What is positive dynamic stability?
The overall tendency for an object to return to its original state of equilibrium over time.
What is neutral dynamic stability?
The overall tendency of an object to remain in the new condition after being disturbed
What is negative dynamic stability?
The overall tendency to continue away from the original undisturbed state (oscillation gets worse)
What is dynamic stability?
The tendency of an object to return to the previously undisturbed state over time
How does UND do inspections?
UND does phased inspection where maintenance inspects a different part of the aircraft every 75 hours (4 different parts)
