BA 310 Test 1

In which era did the environment and drug use among employees begin to become dilemmas for employers?

1960's

the decade of the _____ was a time when companies began to cover up their wrong doings rather than deal with the issues head on. This decade also saw a distrust in government due to the Watergate scandal.

1970's

_____, a Scottish philosopher, provided many of the teachings that underlie capitalist systems.

Adam Smith

Who was the CEO of Mississippi based WorldCom that was convicted of massive accounting fraud, which resulted in losses in the billions for investors?

Bernie Ebbers

The ______ in 1773 was a major colonial incident resulting from the East India Company's monopolistic business practices.

Boston Tea Party

_______ can be defined as the collective values of a business organization that can be used to evaluate whether the behaviors of the organization's collective members are considered acceptable and appropriate.

Business Ethics

Which of the following ethical frameworks focuses on the duty or obligation in determining whether the actions are wrong or right?

Deontological frameworks

Which of the following is used when an observer wants to understand the cause of events that generated the ethical issue:

Descriptive Ethics

_____ can be defined as the values which an individual uses to interpret whether any particular action or behavior is considered acceptable and appropriate.

Ethics

The minimum wage, the lowest wage an employer can legally pay an employee, was federally mandated by which of the following pieces of legislation?

Fair labor standards act

The three critical attributes of a successful social entrepreneur are wealth, intelligence, and the ability to speak multiple languages.

False

Jessica Jackley is one of the co-founders of what organization?

Kiva

Which economists believed that the only responsibility a corporation has is to maximize profits for its owners/investors?

Milton Friedman

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 outlawed which of the following?

Monopolies

The 1935 passage of which law legally obligated employers to negotiate with duty elected unions and codified regulations that govern the process for forming a union?

National Labor Relations Act of 1935

The most significant event in the U.S. related to ethics in the 2000's was the passage of the __________.

Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002

_______ can be defined as organizations that have created business models that cater to basic human needs that are not being served.

Social entrepreneurship

__________ is based on the principle of utility where each person's actions adds to the overall good of the community impacted by his or her actions.

Stakeholder theory development

A(n) ______ manager is a manager who would be considered ethically neutral and who does not focus proactively on ethical issues.

amoral

A(n) _________ is a new type of corporation that addresses issues related to financial, social, and environmental objectives.

benefit corporation

Which economic system's focus on liberty has increased national wealth more than any other economic system?

capitalism

_____ is based on the belief that all individuals agree to social contracts to be a member within a society?

contrarianism or social contract theory

________ is the presentation of facts related to specific ethical actions of an individual or organization.

descriptive ethics

Three types of ethical examinations:

descriptive, analytical, normative

Among reasons Pilgrims settled in Massachusetts were desires for?

economic and trade reasons

Three technological frameworks:

ethical egoism, utilitarianism, Sidgwick's dualism

A(n) _____ manager focuses only on his or her own goals and the goals of the company and considers legal requirements as barriers that are ignored when their corporate actions are implemented.

immoral

A(n) ______ manager focuses only on his or her own goals and considers legal requirements as barriers that are ignored when their corporate actions are implemented.

immoral

Gender and ethnic biases can be common ______.

implicit prejudice

________ occurs when the decision maker forms a bias toward individuals in the same group as the decision maker.

in-group favoritism

The assumption that actions of the corporation are desirable, proper, and appropriate within the limits of the corporation is called

legitimacy

The assumption that actions of the corporation are desirable, proper, or appropriate within the limits of the corporation is called _______.

legitimacy

_______ is the process in which small loans are given to entrepreneurial individuals in developing countries in order to develop income which will benefit the individual as well as the local village through poverty reduction.

microfinance

_____ managers not only meet the minimum legal standards, but are proactive in presenting ethical leadership to the firm's employees and other stakeholders.

moral

_______ is a prescribed course of action that attempts to ensure that ethical behavior will be followed in the future.

normative ethics

________ is defined as assigning a function or task that was previously done within a company to an external third party.

outsourcing

_______ is the extent to which the organization can influence or impose it's will on the stakeholder group.

power

Traditional examples of violations of the _______ include theft, misappropriation of funds, and wasting resources.

property principle

The _______ test is based on the scenario of whether the individual is comfortable if his or her actions were publicized in a newspaper or on television.

publicity

The ____ test is also known as the Golden Rule test.

reciprocity

What was the underlying ethics violation in the Penn State scandal

sexual abuse and failure to report

A social entrepreneur who focuses on addressing the social needs of local communities is referred to as a(n):

social bricoleur

_______ is the "wealth" that is generated to the community and society through the operations of the social entrepreneur's organization.

social capital

A social entrepreneur who focuses on exploiting the market gaps which do not serve certain customers is called a(n) ________.

social constructionist

Which of the following is most likely a business strategy of a company that sells to the bottom of the pyramid customers?

social entrepreneurship

First created in the late 1880's in response to increasing corporate complexity and growth, the concept of ___ refers to laws protecting individual shareholders from financial liability if businesses sued or failed.

the interstate commerce commission in 1887

_______ reporting is a concept that is receiving momentum as a way of satisfying the reporting and disclosure needs of various stakeholder groups, although many companies refer to the concept as an accountability report.

triple bottom line reporting

A B corporation is distinct from a typical corporation because the B corporation certification focuses on _____

triple bottom line reporting: People, Plant, and Profit