BCaBA
Which of the following should be considered before implementing any punishment procedure?
-Using functional interventions first -Implementing differential reinforcement procedures -Considering the function of the problem behavior -Addressing the ethical considerations -Collecting data to make treatment decisions
Nancy took 18 trials to meet the 82% needed to move on to the next unit of study. What was Nancy's Trials-To-Criterion?
18
Bold, vertical lines visible on a graph, that are also known as phase change lines, indicate:
A change in the independent variable/treatment
The goal of this assessment method is to record the immediate antecedents and consequences associated with a target behavior under normal conditions:
ABC Recording
Maria is a BCBA who has worked with children who are nonverbal, ages 6-8, for the past 5 years. She has been given a referral for an adult who is nonverbal. Maria should:
Accept the case, but ensure that she can have supervision from a BCBA familiar with this type of case.
Which of a following is an example of a competing contingency that might become a barrier to providing effective supervision and modeling ethical behavior?
All of the above
Which of the following is a way that effective supervision is evaluated?
All of the above
Mario demonstrates head slapping while he is at school. His BCBA has determined that this behavior is both physically dangerous and prevents access to new learning and other pivotal behaviors and is therefore socially significant. Which dimension of ABA is the BCBA considering?
Applied
When a consequence of a behavior is strengthened, independent of the response of another organism, it is referred to as:
Automatic
In this type of respondent conditioning, the US is presented before the NS:
Backward Conditioning
A client is new to your clinic. You conduct some preference assessments because you want to identify strong reinforcers. The best type of graph to display this data would be:
Bar Graph
You conduct some preference assessments because you want to identify strong reinforcers. The best type of graph to display this data would be:
Bar Graph
Samuel is conducting a free-operant preference assessment with a client. He records the time that the client plays with each of the items and wants to compare this visually on a graph. Which type of graph should he use? Correct!
Bar graph
Which of the following is true concerning generalization?
Behavior occurs in the presence of stimuli similar to the discriminative stimulus A class of stimuli develops stimulus control over the behavior Behavior occurs in the presence of relevant stimuli outside the training situation
Samara and Ben are running a race and are very thirsty. They see a water station in the distance and both of them start running even faster. Running faster at the sight of the water station is an example of which aspect of motivation operations?
Behavior-altering effect
Kala and her grandmother had a long tradition of sitting down on the couch to watch her grandmother's favorite TV show and drink tea. Now, every time Kala sees her grandmother's favorite TV show, she really wants tea. This is an example of a:
CMO-S
You are working as a behavior analyst in a clinical setting. You are reviewing data for one of your cases, and notice that one of the behaviors targeted for increase has not increased at all after 6 months of treatment. What course of action should you discuss with the treatment team?
Changing the intervention
Emily is a Behavior Analyst working with a student diagnosed with ADHD. She put together a treatment package that included several behavior analytic interventions. After she began implementation, she wanted to analyze possible treatments that were not effective. What should Emily conduct?.
Component Analysis
A teacher wants to increase the total duration that his students spend on task. To do this, he begins trying random activities that he thinks might work. This procedure lacks which dimension of ABA?
Conceptually Systematic
You have been using shaping with your client successfully but today you noticed that her last five data points have not shown any improvement. After observing your client, you notice that she is struggling with one step. You should:
Consider breaking that step down further and training the first part until it meets criteria
One of the ways you can validate a task analysis is to:
Consult with experts
Danica wants to program for her client to ride a bike. She has never learned to ride a bike herself. What is the best way to make sure she has a valid task analysis (TA) to help with teaching this complex behavior?
Consult with someone who knows how to ride a bike and validate the TA by attempting it herself
The process of making an ethical decision can be seen as a behavior that requires a person to choose different options when given:
Contextual details
Which of the following is not one of the conditions typically tested in a standard functional analysis (FA)?
Contingent Punishment
You do not want to extinguish a behavior, but you would like it to occur less often. Which procedure would you use?
DRL
The numerical results of measuring a quantifiable aspect of a behavior can be referred to as:
Data
You have a client who frequently engages in problem behavior where he topples the student desks and swipes items off the teacher's desk when presented with work that he says is difficult. What is an antecedent manipulation strategy that you can use to prevent the undesired behavior?
Decrease the response effort of the assignment and provide appropriate prompts
This is the philosophical concept that can be summarized as "the universe operates in an orderly fashion."
Determinism
Which of the following should you focus on when trying to achieve a generalized reduction in a problem behavior?
Developing functionally equivalent alternative behaviors
You are teaching your dog to sit for longer periods of time and you are using treats to reinforce the behavior of sitting. How should you arrange the motivating operations for success?
Do the training before dinner
Bradley is participating in physical therapy to heal an injury. His therapist has asked him ride a stationary bike and gradually increase the amount of time that he rides the bike each time. Which measurement procedure would be the best to track the length of time that Bradley spends on the bike?
Duration Recording
Douglas wants to increase the total duration that his students spend on task. To do this, he only measures the types of food they eat before coming to class and wishes to draw a correlation. This is lacking the dimension of ABA that is:
Effective
Indira has a student who is consistently late to class and loses access to learning. To gather data for this target behavior, she measures the types of food he eats for breakfast. The choice to measure breakfast foods is lacking which dimension of ABA?
Effective
Which of the following is an example of decreasing response effort?
Enrolling at a gym close to your home to make it more likely that you will exercise regularly
Time-out is not an appropriate procedure to use with problem behaviors maintained by what type of reinforcement?
Escape
When a behavior is negatively reinforced, extinction means the person no longer escapes from the aversive stimulus following the behavior. This variation of extinction is called:
Escape extinction
A scatterplot is an ABC recording method:
False
Functional Analysis is limited to very controlled environments and cannot be conducted in natural settings.
False
Highly preferred stimuli always function as reinforcement
False
Rule-Governed behavior is always beneficial.
False
You should use shaping as a standalone procedures and not combine shaping with other interventions.
False
A client needs to learn how to brush his teeth independently. You are teaching him this by delivering reinforcement when he takes the toothpaste and twists off the lid. Once he does that independently, you then require him to put the toothpaste on the brush. This is an example of:
Forward Chaining
Nellis is an adult learning how to wash dishes. He does not know how to do any of the steps so you start by training him how to turn on the water when asked to wash the dishes. You then train him how to wet a sponge and apply soap, then how to grab the dirty dishes, and then how to rub until all the steps are trained and he can independently wash dishes. This process is called:
Forward Chaining
When measuring the number of total responses a pigeon made over many trials with no reported time, the researcher would use __________ as the measure. When measuring the number of responses during the specific amount of time, the researcher would use _______ as the measure.
Frequency; Rate
Danny is a Behavior Analyst and has an RBT working under him on an in-home case. The RBT is working on his supervision hours and wanted a way to gain more indirect hours. Danny asked the RBT to graph the data they have been taking. When Danny was reviewing the graphs, he noticed a very effective relationship between the independent variable and dependent variable. What did Danny most likely notice?
Functional Relationship
A behavioral change may be said to have this if: it proves durable over time it appears in a wide variety of possible environments or it spreads to a wide variety of related behaviors.
Generality
A behavioral change may be said to have this if: it proves durable over time, it appears in a wide variety of possible environments, or it spreads to a wide variety of related behaviors.
Generality
Which of the following is not one of the three scientific levels of understanding?
Generality
Daveed's son has been whining for snacks. Daveed wants his son to ask for snacks instead. As part of his intervention, he stops providing snacks when his son whines in order to extinguish the behavior. What is likely to occur once he begins the extinction procedure?
His son may start whining more loudly and even yell
Ayodele is an RBT who is measuring the amount of time between two responses of a target behavior. Ayodele is measuring:
IRT
Max eats too quickly. He shoves food into his mouth before swallowing the food that was already in his mouth. The best type of measurement for the BCBA to use with the goal of increasing time between bites is:
IRT
An RBT is working with a client. His BCBA should tell him to take data: Correct!
Immediately
Which of the following strategies for promoting generalization does NOT focus on reinforcing the target behavior outside the training situation?
Incorporating common stimuli
An establishing operation can be used with an aversive stimulus to:
Increase the effectiveness of negative reinforcement
These types of assessments require gathering information from sources (such as interviews) and using inferences to form hypotheses. These are not as reliable as those assessments that include observation:
Indirect Methods
The measure of how well two observers agree that is calculated by comparing how well the results of both observers match after observing the same behavior at the same time is called:
Interobserver agreement
The measurement of the time between the offset of one response and the onset of another response is:
Interresponse Time
The treatment phase when environmental variables are manipulated and data are collected to analyze any changes in level is called:
Intervention
You are analyzing a part of the graph to see if your independent variable produced a reliable change in the dependent variable. You are looking at what part of a graph?
Intervention
Jennifer does not want her cat to meow loudly in the morning when it wakes up so she begins ignoring the behavior. Her girlfriend feels bad for the cat and gives it attention sometimes. What will likely happen with the meowing?
It will take longer for it to stop
Every time you leave the house, you grab your keys, which makes a jingling sound. Your dogs always run to the door when you try to leave. One day, you are cleaning the house and move your keys. The jingling sound occurs and your dogs run to the door. You realize they must have been conditioned to associate the sound of keys with leaving. What is the most functional way to be able to leave without the dogs running towards the door?
Jingle your keys all the time, no matter what you are doing, until they stop
A dog trainer wants to decrease the amount of time it takes for George, the German Shepherd, to respond to a command from his owner. Which measure should he use?
Latency
Scooter is a dog whose owner complains that he takes too long to respond to a command, making it difficult to safely go out in the community. The BCBA could target this behavior after gathering data using what type of measurement:
Latency
You are working with an adult in a supported employment program who has a goal of becoming a full-time cashier. He has the pre-requisite skills to count money, but needs to decrease the time it takes him to count change after the cash register displays the amount of change that is due. Which measurement procedure would you use when training this skill?
Latency recording
A student has completed a graphing assignment but has neglected to label the ordinate. If all other aspects are correctly labeled, you will still not be able to use this graph to determine which of the following:
Level
You are at a conference and you walk by a poster presentation of a research project. You notice that the graph on the poster is missing numbers on the ordinate. Because of this, you cannot analyze:
Level
You should look for these three things when conducting a visual analysis:
Level, Trend, Variability
You use the following graph to plot the data gathered during a functional analysis:
Line Graph
You are graphing the number of steps you take per day because you want to record your progress and be able to visually tell when you have reached your goal of 10,000 steps per day. You decide to use the most common graph that appears in literature. Which graph are you using?
Line graph
You are assigned a case to provide in-home ABA services to a child whose family comes from a different cultural background than yourself. In their culture, it is disrespectful to wear shoes inside the house, and everyone else who enters the home leaves their shoes at the front door. Your company requires you to wear closed-toed shoes during session. What would be the best course of action?
Make sure there are no hazards associated to leaving your shoes at the door during session. Alert your supervisor and get written permission to make this exemption from the company policy. Aim to build trust with the family by respecting their culture while providing ABA services.
Taco the dog is being trained to open a door by unlocking it and pulling on a rope. You have had positive results so far by giving him dog biscuits as a reinforcer and he has learned 3 of the 4 steps needed to do the skill. Today, he is just laying there as you prompt him to engage in the first step. You remember that he has just eaten dinner. What antecedent manipulation did you forget before this training session?
Manipulating the EOs tied to reinforcement
You are working with a colleague on a behavior change program for a middle school student. He believes that you should focus only on the observable behaviors and take no data on private events. His approach to behaviorism is most similar to:
Methodological behaviorism
You are working with a colleague on a behavior change program for a middle school student. He believes that you should only focus on observable behaviors and not take data on private events, such as thoughts or feelings. His approach to behaviorism is most similar to:
Methodological behaviorism
Nainoa engages in hand-flapping very frequently and is part of a classroom full of other students. The teacher's assistant needs to take data on how frequently the behavior might be occurring throughout the day, but he cannot consistently observe for an entire block of time. Which measurement would likely be most appropriate?
Momentary Time Sampling
Giselle is a writing teacher who has 30 students in her class. She is assisting them with essay writing skills to prepare for an upcoming exam. Giselle wants to utilize a measurement procedure to determine how often students are actively writing with pencils in hand vs. just sitting at their desks during essay writing exercises (which occur at 30-minute intervals). Which measurement procedure would you recommend for Giselle's class?
Momentary time sampling
Sara is working with a client who needs to increase his ability to wait without exhibiting problem behavior. Sara puts together an intervention package and wants to display the data according to the location the data is taken. She first begins in the home and then starts the intervention package at school. Next, Sara works on waiting at the local playground. She wants to easily display the data so she can compare each location. What would be the best experimental design to use?
Multiple Baseline Across Settings
As behavior analysts, we must avoid any type of:
Multiple relationships
The use of punishment can be misused by because it may provide what type of consequence for the person implementing it?
Negative Reinforcement
Hakeem lives in a group home and engages in severe eye-poking behavior. He uses so much force when he pokes his eyes, that he has caused vision damage. The functional assessment identified staff attention as a reinforcer maintaining the eye-poking behavior (he engages in eye poking when staff members turn away from him or are not engaging with him). Would extinction be an appropriate intervention in this situation?
No, because Hakeem will continue to harm his eyes, and extinction would not be a safe procedure.
A measure that is publicly verifiable, clear, and is free of inferences would most likely be:
Objective
One of the target behaviors in Eamonn's behavior plan is "decreasing anger" and the operational definition is defined as any time Eamonn acts angry towards his peers. This operational definition will likely cause errors in measurement because it is not:
Objective
A fellow teacher tells Hassan that he plans to extinguish the behavior of a student who frequently gets up during class by ignoring him. Is this correct?
Only if the function of the behavior is attention
Behaviors that have been learned during the life of an organism are part of the organism's:
Ontogeny
During this type of preference assessment, stimuli are presented two at a time, and individuals can only select one item per trial
Paired Stimulus
A BCBA is assigned to a case to target the problem behavior of a young boy who hits adults on their legs and drops to the floor. The boy typically does this right before an adult prompts him to walk to the bathroom. The BCBA hypothesizes that the child is engaging in this behavior because the bright lights and humidity in the room are triggering memories of nightmares. This approach is primarily lacking the philosophical concept of:
Parsimony
Alexandra is working with a teacher to decrease the presence of a problem behavior exhibited by one of the students. They rule out the simplest explanations first, before moving on to the complicated possibilities. This represents which attitude of science?
Parsimony
You are working with a client who recently began engaging in severe self-injurious behavior (SIB). Your client has not had any sort of medical evaluation recently. In order to rule out medical causes for the SIB first, you ask for the client to have a medical examination. You are seeking to find the simplest function of the behavior as well as the simplest treatment necessary for the individual. Which Philosophical Assumption of Science does this align with?
Parsimony
This type of interval recording tends to overestimate the actual occurrence of the behavior:
Partial Interval
An RBT is taking data during a Discrete Trial. The client is presented with the target 10 times and correct and incorrect responses are recorded. The RBT is likely doing this type of recording on the data sheet:
Percent of Occurrence
A doctor was having difficulty with patients showing up late to appointments. He began providing candy to those patients that sign in at the front desk at least 5 minutes ahead of their scheduled time. He graphed this data and found the presentation of candy resulted in more clients showing up on time. What should he put on the graph between the data collected before the presentation of candy and the data collected with the presentation of candy?
Phase Change Line
Sampson is a research student working in a lab. He first graphed data (without treatment) on the frequency of a target behavior. He then implemented a reinforcer contingency and graphed data on the same target behavior (with treatment). What does Sampson need to put on the graph between the data collected without treatment and the data collected with treatment?
Phase Change Line
Charese, a young child, grabbed a hot cup of coffee from the counter, but the temperature of the cup was still very hot to the touch. She immediately let go of the cup (a behavior she does immediately and without any prior training). This behavior is likely part of her:
Phylogeny
Darnell walks outside into the sunlight and sneezes, a behavior known as the photic sneeze reflex. Darnell's sneeze is part of his:
Phylogeny
Instead of biting his pencil when he does not know the answer, Pierre's teacher implemented a DRA for hand raising. After two weeks, there was no decrease in pencil biting and he never raised his hand. What could be wrong?
Pierre's teacher may not have probed to determine if hand raising was in Pierre's repertoire
Rosie wants to eat healthier foods more often but is complaining that she just keeps eating the junk food in her fridge instead. What is the best antecedent intervention she could use to increase the desirable behavior of eating healthier foods?
Present the SDs for eating healthy food by placing them in the fridge where they are visible while removing the junk food from the fridge
Which of the following is an indication that a consequence would be a more effective reinforcer?
Presented after deprivation
Kara and Lelani are practicing for a swimming competition. Their coach has them on a training program where they are reinforced for swimming laps at increasing speeds until they hit a certain time. This is an example of a:
Progressive schedule
A behavioral principle that describes a consequence that decreases the likelihood that an individual will engage in that particular behavior in the future is called:
Punishment
The perspective that considers all behavior (even things such as feelings, sensations, ideas, and thoughts) and recognizes events that occur beneath the skin as subject to the same behavioral laws and principles as observable events is known as:
Radical Behaviorism
The perspective that feelings, sensations, ideas, thoughts, and other features of mental life are subject to the same behavioral laws and principles as overt behaviors is known as:
Radical Behaviorism
A colleague is learning about Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and plans to assist her clients who experience things such as high anxiety and stress. She is learning techniques to help manage thoughts and emotions along with other behavior change procedures. Because your colleague is considering thoughts and emotions (also known as private events), what kind of behaviorist is she?
Radical Behaviorist
Which of the following describes a variety of direct, data-based methods used to present one or more stimuli contingent on a target response and then measuring the future effects on the rate of responding?
Reinforcer Assessment
Joel has a habit of eating ice cream each day when he gets home from work. He typically arrives home, changes clothes, opens the freezer, takes a pint of ice cream out of the freezer, gets a spoon, sits on the couch, and then eats the entire pint of ice cream. Joel has a new weight loss goal and wants to decrease his consumption of ice cream. What would be the best way for Joel to break the chain of his ice cream eating behavior?
Remove ice cream from his home so that he cannot begin eating it
Marlin wants to decrease the frequency of self-injurious behaviors displayed by his client. Data show that the behavior reliably occurs when the radio is on very loudly or when there are other loud noises in his environment. What is an antecedent intervention that could be used to help decrease the likelihood of these behaviors?
Remove the establishing operation
Intermittent reinforcement before extinction causes:
Resistance to extinction
You feed your cats wet pet food on small plates. The plates make a sound when you take them out of the cabinet. Your cats start licking their lips whenever they hear the sound of plates. What has likely occurred?
Respondent Conditioning
Jim once got terrible food poisoning after eating a steak. Now, whenever Jim sees or smells a steak, he gags instantly and feels ill. This is an example of:
Respondent conditioning
A client has been conditioned to blink rapidly at the sight of a blinking light because it was paired with puffs of air aimed at the eye. What would eventually occur if the blinking light was no longer paired with the air but still presented?
Respondent extinction
Which of the following refers to one specific instance of behavior?
Response
A child engages in self-injurious behavior (SIB) by hitting herself on the head with a closed fist. The child's father put his hand in front of the child's hand to prevent the head hitting from occurring. What is this an example of?
Response Blocking
Nancy orders her groceries online and has them delivered to her house. Yusiley orders groceries on a phone app and drives to the store, but does not go inside because a staff member delivers the groceries to her car. Saira drives to the grocery store, walks inside, chooses her groceries from the shelf, pays a cashier, and loads the item into her car. Nancy, Yusiley, Saira are engaging in behaviors that are all part of the same
Response Class
What procedure is the government using when it fines you for breaking the law (e.g. speeding, parking illegally) in an attempt to get you to stop breaking the law?
Response Cost
A dog trainer wants to decrease the amount of time it takes for George, the German Shepherd, to respond to a command from his owner. Which measure should he use?
Response Latency
When a child makes a mess with his food on the kitchen floor, the child has to clean the kitchen floor and the bathroom floor, as well. What is this an example of?
Restitution
Behavior that has no prior exposure to consequences and is controlled by verbal behavior is:
Rule-Governed
Douglas refuses to eat pre-cut carrots but will eat carrots that are cut by his mom. There is no prior learning history or observation data that suggests he experienced consequences for eating or not eating carrots cut by his mom. This behavior might be:
Rule-Governed
Patty is teaching her granddaughter how to grow plants in a garden. Patty says that you should plant marigolds next to the tomato plants. Her granddaughter asks why, but Patty does not know and said her mother always told her it was a good idea. Patty planting marigolds next to tomato plants is an example of:
Rule-governed behavior
Maria needs to record instances of a target behavior across different times and days of the week. She will need to analyze that data to determine if there is a time of day when that behavior is more likely to occur. Which graph should Maria use to plot her data?
Scatterplot
Maria needs to record instances of a target behavior across different times and days of the week. She will need to analyze that data to determine if there is a time of day when that behavior is more likely to occur. Which graph should Maria utilize to plot her data?
Scatterplot
To determine the best time to observe a target behavior, a BCBA might use which type of graph?
Scatterplot
You are taking IOA data after an observation period. You do this by taking the total number of trials that both observers recorded occurrence of the behavior and divide that by the total number of trials at least one observer recorded occurrence of the behavior. You multiply that by 100 to get a percentage. This type of IOA is called:
Scored Interval IOA
A parent is frustrated because their child will not correctly clean his room. The child attempts to clean it but often misses spots with the vacuum or does not fold and put away clothes correctly. Your observation leads you to believe he does not have the skills in his repertoire. What might you train the parent to do?
Shape the individual behaviors to accuracy wanted and reward every time it gets closer to criteria
A client is learning how to mand for his mother. Right now, he only makes the "m" sound when reaching for mom. You reinforce every time he makes the "m" sound by having mom pick him up. Next, you are going to require the "ma" sound and so on until he can say mom. This is an example of:
Shaping
You have a client who has limited verbal skills but the ability to omit some words. You are working on the verbal mand for "cracker". You first give the cracker any time she can repeat or say the "c" sound. Now you can say "cr" and she will say "cracker" with a reward. The process of moving closer and closer to the target word is part of:
Shaping
The BACB's stance on gift acceptance is that gifts:
Should never be accepted
When the consequence for a behavior is mediated by the response of another person, it is referred to as:
Social
Johnny is a preschooler who displays problem behavior in the form of dropping from his seat, rolling on the ground, and screaming. This only occurs during independent work activities. While taking ABC data, you see a correlation between the screaming behavior and Johnny being removed from the classroom instead of completing his work. Your hypothesis for the function of this behavior would most likely be:
Social Negative Reinforcement
After analyzing functional assessment data for Jack, the BCBA hypothesizes that Jack displays problem behavior when his grandmother gives him certain items. The function of this behavior seems to be maintained by:
Social Positive Reinforcement
When a behavior produces a reinforcing consequence through the actions of another person, that is considered:
Social Reinforcement
Macy recently ended the relationship with her significant other, Alex. For several days, Alex sent Macy several text messages asking to talk to her. Macy never replied, and Alex eventually stopped texting after 7 days. Three months later, Alex texted Macy on her birthday. What is the text on her birthday an example of?
Spontaneous Recovery
Amare puts his dog in his kennel before going to work. The dog used to whine and bark in the kennel but extinction was used until he no longer engaged in this behavior. Today, however, Amare's dog barked in the kennel. This might be:
Spontaneous recovery
Derek is a 4th grade student who has struggled to read at grade level. His goal is to become a fluent reader. You are using precision teaching and start charting the number of words Derek reads during one-minute free operant timings. Which chart would you use to record his data and analyze his rate of learning over time?
Standard Celeration Chart
If you wanted to visually analyze the total number of responses emitted as well as changes in the rate of response (celeration) during one recording period, what would be the best graph type for this?
Standard Celeration Chart
Lindsay teaches an ABA class in the public-school system. Each day, she does fluency checks with her students and graphs the amount the student got correct and the errors the student made. The graph she is using has a unique design and allows her to see celeration of her student's progress. What graph is Lindsay most likely using?
Standard Celeration Chart
Rahim wants to visually analyze the total number of responses emitted as well as changes in the rate of response (celeration) during one recording period, what would be the best graph type for this?
Standard Celeration Chart
An ordered breakdown of the correct steps for a complex behavior that often includes stimulus prompts is known as:
Task Analysis
What does it mean to say that the treatment for a problem behavior has generalized?
The problem behavior does not occur in all relevant situations
Joey never completes his homework, so his Mom decides to tell him that he can have extra time to play video games on Saturday if he completes all of his homework for a week. She tells his teacher that she is providing a reinforcement contingency for the act of completing the homework. The teacher tells her that is not the case. Who is right?
The teacher, because it is rule-governed behavior
You are taking IOA data after an observation period. You take the total number of trials that both observers agreed, divide that by the total number of trials, and then multiply by 100 to get a percentage. This type of IOA is called
Trial-by-Trial IOA
Although extinction is procedurally different depending on the type of reinforcement for the behavior, the outcome is always the same: The behavior stops.
True
One practical usage of data reliability and treatment integrity monitoring is to provide immediate feedback to the data collector and implementer of the procedure. Group of answer choices
True
The basic functions of problem behavior are: Social positive reinforcement, social negative reinforcement, automatic positive reinforcement and automatic negative reinforcement.
True
Verbal feedback alone is usually not sufficient to promote and sustain behavior change.
True
While identifying the function(s) of maladaptive behaviors is a critical component to functional behavior assessments, it is just as important to conduct various skills assessments to learn about your client's repertoire.
True
Many ethical violations can be avoided by:
Using a sound decision making process Planning ahead Implementing sound policies in your workplace
Mark and his brother are given instructions by their mom to clean up their room. She awards them a point after a certain number of items are picked up. This amount is usually around 5 but it might vary because the mom is also taking care of their baby sister. What schedule of reinforcement is she trying to implement?
VR 5 Schedule
Before teaching a student to ride a bike, you create a Task Analysis to use for instruction. Your next step should be to:
Validate it
Lori was presenting her data to a multidisciplinary team during an IEP meeting. She was explaining the intervention may not be considering all the environmental variables because the data went up and down. This data is most likely what?
Variable
One step in the ethical decision-making process is to decide:
Which ethical principles should have authority
A child in a group home has a goal to sit at the dining table for at least 20 minutes during meals. The BCBA divides each meal time into four, 5-minute intervals and is marks each interval with a + if the child sits at the table for the entire interval. The BCBA is using:
Whole Interval Recording
A BCBA is working in the field of behavior safety and wants to measure compliance with a safety rule at a construction site. The rule is that Personal protective equipment must be worn by each worker 100% of the time they are onsite (without it being taken off) during each 12 hour shift. What measurement would be the best to use?:
Whole-Interval Recording
Gabriela's teacher is concerned with the amount of time that Gabriela spends out of her seat during independent work time. The BCBA wants to increase the amount of time she spends sitting, so she will measure using:
Whole-Interval Recording
Contingency-shaped behavior is formed by consequences that occur:
Within 30 seconds
Which of the operants best describe the following: Sees cat on table . . . yells, "Get down!"
mand
Which of the operants best describe the following: Wants a drink . . . says, "water"
mand
Which of the operants best describe the following: Hears "boo" . . . *jumps*
non-verbal behavior
Which of the operants best describe the following: Sees the written word apple . . . signs "apple"
textual
The x-axis is also referred to as the:
Abscissa
Abigail is an RBT that you supervise. She has missed a few appointments and does not complete her session notes each day. What would best way for her BCaBA supervisor to address this behavior?
Analyze the contingencies surrounding the target behaviors of missing appointments and completing her session notes. Make environmental modifications and develop interventions to teach and differentially reinforce appropriate behavior. Re-evaluate in one month (based on data) to determine if further interventions are necessary.
This portion of a graph show the phase where no treatment has begun:
Baseline
Gerald's mother always wore lavender perfume and it was strongest in the morning while she made breakfast, which included coffee. Now, whenever Gerald smells lavender and coffee, he feels calm and happy. This is an example of:
Conditioned Emotional Responding
When faced with a difficult ethical decision you should
Consider contextual variables Seek out additional supervision' Consider the actions of exemplary BCBAs
A rat presses a lever several times per day to access food. To measure the running total of the rat's responses, the lab is likely using:
Cumulative record
Ginger is measuring how many times she bites her fingernails by pressing a clicker counter device each time she engages in that behavior. What type of measurement is she using?
Count
Ginger is measuring how many times she bites her fingernails by pressing a clicker counter device each time she engages in that behavior. What type of measurement should she use to get accurate results?
Count
Your client, Tala, loves apples. She doesn't often mand for items she wants, and increasing mands is a goal on her behavior plan. You plan for her session by making sure that her family members do not give her apples very often. You have also requested that Tala does not have access to apples before session and explain that you will utilize apples as a reinforcer during mand training. You are arranging:
Establishing operations
Eliud has been running for a while. He stops his running to get some water. After the break, he continues running for a while. Running created an _______ operation for water and drinking water created an __________operation for water. Correct Answer
Establishing;Abolishing
Marissa has a goal of decreasing the number of cigarettes that she smokes each day and she will be collecting her own data. Which measurement procedure would be the best for Marissa to utilize?
Event Recording
Tommy used to scream out loud in class and this would result in the teacher giving a reprimand. You have instructed the teacher to ignore this behavior and not provide any response to Tommy when he screams. Eventually, Tommy stops screaming. The teacher ignoring the behavior is utilizing:
Extinction
You are helping your parent clean the yard by filling bags full of pine straw. Every time you fill one bag, your parent gives you a quarter. This is an example of what schedule:
FR 1 Schedule
A BCBA has been given a client referral. When she meets the client, she begins by manipulating environmental variables and records her hypothesis for the function of the problem behavior. This this an appropriate use of functional assessment.
False
A behavior analyst should not take the cultural background of clients into account when making ethical decisions:
False
The process of using experimental methods to test a hypothesis of problem behavior by manipulating environmental variables to demonstrate their influences on that behavior is called:
Functional Analysis
Which of the following is not true of a stimulus when it is presented as a positive punisher (aversive stimulus):
More effective when delivery is delayed
Your friend got a new puppy. The puppy is a German Shorthaired Pointer (a hunting dog). When the puppy sees a squirrel in the yard, it immediately poses in a very specific way, which points to the squirrel. This behavior was never taught to the puppy, and the German Shorthaired Pointer breed is known for exhibiting this behavior. What type of behavior is this?
Phylogenic
Behaviors that have been passed down over the evolution of the entire species, as opposed to those that have been learned during its lifetime, are part of the organism's:
Phylogeny
Unwanted behavior chains should be corrected through:
Removing all reinforcement for the incorrect link in the chain
Four characteristics of a good measurement system are:
Sensitive, Objective, Reliable, and Valid
A student is learning how to use the bathroom independently. You observe that the child can correctly do all of the steps when prompted but does not complete these steps in the correct order. You will likely use which of the following procedures:
Total-Task Chaining
A response is a specific instance of behavior.
True
Which of the operants best describe the following: Sees a dog . . . says, "dog"
tact
