bd chapters 7 and 9

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US GDP

70% is consumer spending and 80% of jobs are in service sector

production management

All the activities managers do to help firms create goods.

Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award

An award established by the U.S. Department of Commerce given annually to companies that excel in quality.

Gant chart

a bar graph that shows what projects are being worked on and how much has been completed

vision

a broad explanation of why the organization exists and where it is trying to go, gives the organization a sense of purpose and a set of values that unite workers in a common destiny

ISO 1400

a collection of the best practices for managing an organization's impact on the environment

materials requirement planning

a computer based operations management system that uses sales forecasts to make sure needed parts and materials are available at the right time/place

program evaluation and review technique

a method for analyzing the tasks involved in completing a given project and estimating the time needed

ISO

a non governmental organization established to promote the development of world standards to facilitate the international exchange of goods and services

statistical process control

a process of testing statistical samples of product components at each stage of production

statistical quality control

a process used to continually monitor all phases of the production process

six sigma quality

a quality measure that allows only 3-4 defects per million opportunities

operations management

a specialized area in management that converts or transforms resources into goods and services

operations management

a specialized area in management that converts/transforms resources, including human resources like technical skills and innovation into goods and services

mission statement

addresses organizations self concept, philosophy, long term survival needs, social responsibility, customer needs, social responsibility, and nature of its product or service

AI

allow managers to focus on human strengthens in areas such as strategic planning

fixed position layout

allows workers to congregate around the product

SWOT analysis

analyzes the organization's strengths and weaknesses and the opportunities and threats it faces

PERT/CPM steps

analyzing and sequencing tasks, estimating the time needed to complete each task, drawing a PERT network illustrating the first 2 steps, and identifying the critical path

policies

broad guidelines for action

process manufacturing

changes materials, physically or chemically

decision making

choosing among two or more alternative

enterprise resource planning

combines computerized functions into a single integrated software program using a single database

low cost

comes at expense of quality and flexibility during mass production

quality

consistently producing what the customer wants while reducing errors before and after delivering

production process

consists on taking the factors of production and using those inputs to produce goods, services, and ideas

3D printing

creating a product layer by layer at a time, mostly used to create prototype models

leading

creating a vision for the organization and communicating, guiding, training, coaching, and motivating others to achieve goals and objectives in a timely manner

flexible manufacturing

designing machines to do multiple tasks so they can provide a variety of products

organizing

designing the structure of the organization and creating conditions and systems in which everyone and everything work together to achieve the organizations goals and objectives

strategies

determine the best way to use resources

strategic planning

determines the major goals of the organization and the policies, procedures, strategies, resources it will need to achieve them

operations managers

ensure products are manufactured and delivered on time, on budget, and to specifications

knowledge management

finding the right information, keeping it in a readily accessible place, and making it known to everyone in the firm

service sector

focus on quality care and attention

directing

giving explicit instructions to workers, telling them what to do to meet goals and objectives of the organization

planning teams

help monitor environment, find business opportunities, and watch for challenges

operation management planning

helps solve many of the problems in the service and manufacturing sector

external customers

include dealers who buy products to sell to others and ultimate customers who buy products for their own personal use

planning

includes anticipating trends and determining the best strategies and tactics to achieve organizational goals and objectives

middle management

includes general managers, division managers, and branch and plant managers who are responsible for tactical planning and controlling, managerial planning

operations management

includes inventory management, quality control, production scheduling, and follow up services

supervisory management

includes those directly responsible for supervising workers and evaluating their daily performance, operational control

location considerations

labor costs, availability of resources, access to transportation, proximity to suppliers, crime rates, quality of life for employees, cost of living, and need to train/retrain workforce

continuous process

long production runs turn out finished goods over time

mass production

make a large number of a limited variety of products at a very low cost

autocratic leadership

making managerial decisions w/o consulting others

control process

measures performance relative to the planned objectives and standards, rewards people for work well done, and takes corrective action when necessary

planning

mission statement, goals, and objectives

present

most productive time for American manufacturing

managers

must practice the art of getting things done through organizational resources which include workers, financial resources, information, and equipment

mission statement

outlines the organizations fundamental purpose

advancements in tech

outputs increases while number of factory workers falss

interfirm

process in which companies work closely together to design, produce, and ship products to customers

facility location

process of selecting geographic locations for a company's operations

facility layout options

product layout, process layout, cellular layout, or fixed position layout

intermittent process

production run is short and the producer adjusts machine frequency to make different products

empowerment

progressive leaders give employees the authority to make decisions on their own w/o consulting a manager

assembly process

puts together components to make a product

staffing

recruiting, hiring, motivating, and retaining the best people available to accomplish the company's objectives

managerial pyramid

shows the organization's level of management

process layout

similar equipment and functions are grouped together

human relations skills

skills that involve communication and motivation to enable managers to work w/ people

conceptual skills

skills that involve the ability to picture the organization as a whole and the relationship among its various parts

objectives

specific, short term statements detailing how to achieve the organization's goals

cellular layout

teams of workers produce more complex units of the final product

technical skills

the ability to perform tasks in a specific discipline/department

goals

the broad, long term accomplishment an organization wishes to attain

ISO 9001

the common name given to quality management and assurance standards

production

the creation of finished goods and services using factors of production

purchasing

the function that searches for high quality material resources, finds the best suppliers, and negotiates the best price for quality goods/services

top management

the highest level, consists of the president and other key company executives who develop strategic plans

facility layout

the physical arrangement of resources to most efficiently produce goods and provide services for customers

tactical planning

the process of developing detailed, short term statements about what is to be done, who is to do it, and how

management

the process used to accomplish organizational goals through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling people and other organizational resources

lean manufacturing

the production of goods using less of everything than in mass production to develop a new product, less human effort, manufacturing space, investment in tools, and engineering time

just in time inventory

the production process in which a minimum of inventory is kept and parts, supplies, and other needs are delivered just in time to go on the assembly line, system used to cut storage costs

form utility

the value producers add to materials in the creation of finished goods and services

requirements of production

to build and deliver products in response to demands of the customer at a scheduled delivery time, provide and acceptable quality level, and provide everything at the lowest possible cost

customize

to make a unique product or provide a specific service to specific individuals

computer aided design

use of computers to design products

product layout

workers do only a few tasks at a time

telecommuting

working from home via computer


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