Beckers World of the Cell: chapter 4a, multiple choice

13) Which of the following diseases is caused by a prion? A) polio B) mad cow disease C) infantile Refsum disease D) Zellweger syndrome E) Tay-Sachs disease

b (=BSE)

14) The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in synthesis of A) DNA. B) lipids. C) polysaccharides. D) proteins. E) all of the above

b (lipids)

1) Which of the following is a eukaryotic characteristic? A) 70S ribosomes B) membrane-bounded nucleus C) little processing of RNA D) cell fission E) none of the above

b (membrane-bounded nucleus)

23) The hallmark feature of peroxisomal diseases is the presence of A) amyloid plaques. B) an abundance of myelin. C) very long chain fatty acids. D) long chain gangliosides. E) hydrolases.

c (the peroxisome breaks down fatty acids)

33) Which of the following would be attributed to a peroxisomal dysfunction? A) accumulation of very long chain fatty acids B) accumulation of glucocerebroside C) accumulation of ganglioside GM2 D) accumulation of complex sugars E) accumulation of N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase

a

8) If the surface area of a cell increases by a factor of 100, the volume of that cell will A) increase by a factor of 1000. B) decrease by a factor of 100. C) increase by a factor of 100. D) remain the same. E) increase by a factor of 10.

a

22) Which of the following is not believed to be a virus or to be caused by a virus? A) scrapie B) AIDS C) TMV D) Epstein-Barr E) T 4 phage

a (BSE by sheep and goats)

9) Which of the following would be attributed to a peroxisomal dysfunction? A) accumulation of very long chain fatty acids B) accumulation of glucocerebroside C) accumulation of complex sugars D) accumulation of ganglioside GM2 E) accumulation of N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase

a (accumulation of very long chain fatty acids)

39) Which of the following processes would be most likely to occur in the Golgi complex? A) production and packaging of lipids B) glycosylation of proteins C) synthesis of steroids D) detoxification of drugs E) synthesis of DNA

b

6) Which of the following organelles is not generally found in animal cells? A) mitochondrion B) endoplasmic reticulum C) centriole D) central vacuole E) food vacuole

d (central vacuoles: to mainain turgor pressure in plantcells = "stadga")

27) The size range of most plant and animal cells is ________. A) 10—50 μm B) 1—10 nm C) 50—100 mm D) 0.1—0.5 mm E) 1—5 μm

a

30) When the size of a cell increases, the surface area/volume ratio A) decreases. B) increases. C) increases initially and then begins to decrease. D) remains the same. E) decreases initially and then begins to increase.

a

28) Which of the following is true of plant cells? A) Plant cells may contain chloroplasts. B) The plant cell has no cell wall. C) Chromosomes are found only in plant cells. D) Only plant cells have a cell membrane. E) Plant cells are always much larger than animal cells.

a (chloroplast = photosynthesis)

7) When the size of a cell increases, the surface area/volume ratio A) remains the same. B) decreases initially and then begins to increase. C) decreases. D) increases. E) increases initially and then begins to decrease.

c (decreases, surface = squar, volym = cube )

2) The methanobacteria, halobacteria, and sulfobacteria are included in which domain? A) archaea B) eubacteria C) protista D) blue-green algae E) all of the above

a

15) Which of the following processes would be most likely to occur in the Golgi complex? A) glycosylation of proteins B) synthesis of steroids C) detoxification of drugs D) production and packaging of lipids E) synthesis of DNA

a (glycosylation of proteins is completed there, and production and packaging of seretory proteins NOT lipids!)

25) Which of the following is a eukaryotic characteristic? A) membrane-bounded nucleus B) cell fission C) 70S ribosomes D) little processing of RNA E) none of the above

a (membrane-bound nucleus)

11) Which of the following is least likely to be part of a cell membrane? A) proteoglycans B) phospholipids C) transport proteins D) enzymes E) glycoproteins

a (proteoglycans occour in the extracellulär matrix, between cells)

10) Membrane proteins may function in A) receiving extracellular signals. B) information storage. C) protein manufacture. D) amphipathic modification. E) temperature control.

a (receiving extracellular signals)

34) Membrane proteins may function in A) protein manufacture. B) receiving extracellular signals. C) temperature control. D) information storage. E) amphipathic modification.

b

12) The cytosol is best described as the A) three-dimensional array of interconnected filaments. B) semifluid substance in which organelles are suspended. C) internal contents of organelles. D) area of the cell not occupied by the nucleus. E) fluid within the nucleus.

b (cytosol i a semifluid substance, while interconnected filaments build upp the cytoskeleton)

4) The size range of most plant and animal cells is ________. A) 1—10 nm B) 50—100 mm C) 10—50 μm D) 0.1—0.5 mm E) 1—5 μm

c

19) Prokaryotes have __S ribosomes with __S and __S subunits, whereas eukaryotes have __S ribosomes with __S and __S subunits. A) 100, 60, 50; 90, 60, 40 B) 80, 50, 30; 100, 60, 40 C) 70, 50, 30; 80, 60, 40 D) 70, 40, 30; 80, 50, 30 E) 80, 60, 40; 70, 50, 30

c (S = sedimentation coefficient)

26) The methanobacteria, halobacteria, and sulfobacteria are included in which domain? A) protista B) blue-green algae C) archaea D) eubacteria E) all of the above

c (archea)

17) Which of the following is true of a lysosome? A) The lysosome may function in glycosylation. B) The lysosome functions in export packaging. C) The lysosome may mature from a late endosome. D) The contents of the lysosome originate in the smooth ER. E) all of the above

c (lysosomes mature from a late endosome, see kapitel 12, figure 12.1)

20) The major structural elements of the cytoskeleton are A) the extracellular matrix and the cell wall. B) cleavage furrows and G-actin. C) microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. D) proteoglycans and cellulose microfibrils. E) the cytoplasm and cytosol.

c (microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments)

32) Which of the following diseases is caused by a peroxisomal defect? A) sickle-cell anemia B) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy C) Tay-Sachs disease D) Zellweger syndrome E) I-cell disease

d

5) Which of the following is true of plant cells? A) Plant cells are always much larger than animal cells. B) Chromosomes are found only in plant cells. C) Only plant cells have a cell membrane. D) Plant cells may contain chloroplasts. E) The plant cell has no cell wall.

d (chloroplasts for photosynthesis)

24) The chromoplast is an organelle associated with A) ribosome production in primitive plants. B) oxidation of sugars. C) synthesis of secretory proteins. D) plant pigment storage. E) storage of chromium.

d (chromoplasts are pigment containing plastids in plantcells that are responsibel for the characteristic coloration)

21) Communication between animal cells is facilitated by A) tight junctions. B) adhesive junctions. C) plasmodesmata. D) gap junctions. E) both choices B and C

d (gap junctions, gap = lucka) (plasmodesma in plant cells) (tight and adhesive junctions for linking cells, no communication)

18) Which organelle has only a single membrane around it? A) ribosome B) nucleus C) chloroplast D) peroxisome E) mitochondrion

d (peroxisome: all others are surroundet by a double membrane, except ribosome which has none)

16) Which of the following organelles is not part of the endomembrane system? A) lysosome B) endoplasmic reticulum C) secretory vesicle D) ribosome E) Golgi apparatus

d (ribosomes have no membran, therfore are they not part of the endoMEMBRANE system)

29) Which of the following organelles is not generally found in animal cells? A) food vacuole B) mitochondrion C) centriole D) endoplasmic reticulum E) central vacuole

e

3) Which of the following is included as part of the Eubacteria? A) thermacidophiles B) halobacteria C) methanogens D) sulfobacteria E) cyanobacteria

e

3) Which of the following is included as part of the Eubacteria? A) thermacidophiles B) halobacteria C) methanogens D) sulfobacteria E) cyanobacteria

e (cyanobacteria, alla andra är archaea)