BER-345 stats
________ are measured along a continuum at any place beyond the decimal point... A) continuous data B) discrete data C) qualitative data D) open-ended data
A. continuous data
A researcher tests whether the dosage level of some drug (low, high) causes significant differences in health. To do this, the researcher randomly assigns rat subjects to receive a low or high dosage of the drug and records health-related measures in both groups. The type of method described is... A) experimental B) quasi-experimental C) correlation D) operational
A. experimental
Interval scales of measurement... A) have equidistant scales B) have a true zero C) both a and b
A. have equidistant scales
An education counselor records the number of high school graduates enrolled in community colleges, four-year colleges, and universities. What scale of measurement is the type of college? A) nominal B) ordinal C) interval D) ratio
A. nominal
________ data describe numeric aspects of phenomena; whereas ________ data describe nonnumeric aspects of data. A) quantitative; qualitative B) qualitative; quantitative C) continuous; discrete D) discrete; continuous
A. quantitative; qualitative
State the four scales of measurement in order from least informative to most informative... A) ordinal, nominal, interval, ratio B) nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio C) nominal, ordinal, ratio, interval D) ordinal, nominal, ratio, interval
B. nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio
A consultant ranks the five most needed areas of improvement for a local business. What scale of measurement are the rankings? A) nominal B) ordinal C) interval D) ratio
B. ordinal
Researcher A measures academic preparedness as the percent correct responses on an entrance exam; Researcher B measures academic preparedness as the current class rank of students. Which researcher measured academic preparedness as discrete data? A) Researcher A B) Researcher B C) both researchers D) no researchers
B. researcher B
A researcher measures the body temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit) of participants immediately before and immediately following sleep. Temperature is on what scale of measurement? A) nominal B) ordinal C) interval D) ratio
C. interval
Each of the following is an example of quantitative data, except... A) weight in ounces B) income in dollars C) political affiliation D) age in years
C. political affiliation
Three key elements of control that allow researchers to draw cause-and-effect conclusions are... A) randomization, manipulation, and variation B) assignment, manipulation, and comparison/control C) randomization, manipulation, and comparison/control D) randomization, condition, and comparison/control
C. randomization, manipulation, and comparison/control
Descriptive statistics are procedures used to... A) summarize a set of scores or observations B) organize a set of scores or observations C) make sense of a set of scores or observations D) all of the above
D. All of the above
