Bible Survey Final Exam
theophilus
"lover of God" -Luke and Acts were written to him
psalms of ascent
(120-134) - songs of praise the people sang as they made pilgrimage to Jerusalem -hallel psalms
purpose statement of 1 John
(5:13) - the belief in Christ for everlasting life
proverb definition
(mashal) - short poetic sentence conveying wisdom in a concise and memorable form -based on experience and observation
Zephaniah
-Disaster is imminent -the Day of the Lord -God's sovereignty over all creation
Micah
-Divine Lawsuit -judgment for injustice -the (7 oracles of) hope of the messianic kingdom
Amos
-God's ultimate judgment -"burden bearer" -Jeroboam II - time of unprecedented prosperity -oppression of poor by the rich (economic prosperity) -famine for the Word of the Lord
Jonah
-God's universal concern -God's compassion for those who repent -God is sovereign over all creation -Jonah is swallowed by a whale and restored to life by God
Hosea
-God's unquenchable love -coming judgment of Israel (bc of idolatry & lack of knowledge of God) -reign of Jeroboam -continued promise of future blessings
theological themes of Luke
-Jesus is the Messiah -The universal appeal of the gospel -A physician for the sick: Jesus after the Lost
John 3
-Jesus teaches Nicodemus about being born again -John the Baptist exalts Jesus
Mark 1:1-17
-Jesus the Christ -Jesus is the Son of God -The Gospel of Jesus Christ -Discipleship -The Kingdom of God
Paul
-Son of Tarsus of Cilicia -Orthodox Jewish family -A Roman citizen (bestowed upon him) -originally named Saul, but changed on road to Damascus -Hellenistic/Greek culture
major theological themes of John
-The Deity of Jesus -The "I am" Statements -The Trinity -Jesus the Messiah -Faith -Everlasting Life
structure/divisions of John
-The book of signs (1-12) -The book of glory (13-21)
purpose statement of John
-believe -Jesus the Messiah -The Son of God -Everlasting Life
message to the 7 churches
-calls churches to repentance -message of judgment -commission, character, commendation, condemnation, correction, call, challenge
theological emphases of Paul
-christology (study of Christ) -justification by faith -human sinfulness -the believer's life -ecclesiology (study of the church)
Habakkuk
-destruction of Babylon -written about Judah as a conversation between God and Habakkuk -God's righteousness & deliverance of His people
Nahum
-destruction/judgment of Nineveh -The Lord's Remnant -counterpart of Jonah
Obadiah
-doom of Edom -Edomites were descendants of Esau -the Day of the Lord -emphasis on God judging the nations
John
-eagle - Son of God/the divine Jesus -Son of Zebedee -Part of Jesus' inner circle -the beloved disciple -the last living apostle -WROTE John, 1, 2, & 3 John, Revelation
Romans 3
-explanation of the Gospel -sin is universal -JUSTIFICATION THROUGH FAITH
Q
-german word "quelle" (source) -made up source -contains information that is in matthew and luke, but not mark
Sadducees
-more hellenistic/open to greek culture -did not believe in resurrection after death -more syncretistic -more interested in the Temple
Haggai
-rebuild the temple -spiritual priority - get rid of greed
Malachi
-repent of sin -Israel is God's chosen people -Israel's disobedience -the coming kingdom
Zechariah
-restore the king -the coming Messiah and His kingdom -Z's 8 visions, 4 messages, and 2 burdens
Joel
-the Day of the Lord -yo'el (Yahweh & Elohim) -he is tested by the Lord, but remains faithful and is rewarded
John 1
-the Word became flesh -John the baptist's belief in the Messiah -Jesus comes and chooses His disciples
purpose of Romans
-the essentials of the gospel -jew/gentile tensions -Paul's introduction to the Roman Christians
Luke
-the sacrificial Christ (ox/cow/bull) -the beloved physician -travelling companion of Paul -not an eyewitness, not an apostle -a careful observer -wrote LUKE and ACTS
proverb form
-two line unit -second line corresponds to the first line through parallelism
outline of Revelation
1:19 - the things seen 2:1-3:22 - the things that are seen 4:1-22:6 - the things yet to come
divisions of the book of Acts
1st - Chp 1-12 (focus on Peter) 2nd - Chp 13-28 (focus of Paul's 3 missionary journeys)
Pharisees
A Jewish sect at the time of Jesus known for its strict adherence to the Law. -Paul was one
synonymous parallelism
A device used in Hebrew poetry in which the same idea is expressed in two adjacent lines but in different words, thus expanding and emphasizing the idea in a balanced composition.
Judaism
A religion with a belief in one god. It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people. Yahweh was responsible for the world and everything within it. They preserved their early history in the Old Testament.
second temple judaism
A term often used to refer to the span of Jewish history from the building of the second temple during the Persian period (515 BC) to the destruction of the temple by the Romans in 70 AD.
premillennialism
A term that includes a variety of views having in common the belief that Christ will return to the earth before the millennium.
messianic secret
A theme in the Gospel of Mark that portrays the disciples and others as recognizing Jesus' identity as the Messiah. However, Jesus directed them not to tell anyone else.
Propitiation
Action designed to soothe or satisfy a person, a cause, etc.
Three millennial views
Amillennialism, Postmillennialism, Premillennialism
gnosticism
An early teaching that was intentionally contrary to the apostolitic message (heresy)
Messiah
Anointed one, savior sent by God, the one who fulfills God's promise of salvation
Mystery Religions
Belief systems that were characterized by secret doctrines, rituals of initiation, and sometimes the promise of rebirth or an afterlife.
Chronology of the life of Jesus
Birth of Christ -during reign of Herod the great - 4/5 BC Ministry begins AD 29 (30/32 y/o) and lasts 3 years (3/4 passover visits) Death of Jesus - crucifiction (AD 33) -passover Thurs, died Fri, rose Sun
antithetical parallelism
Directly opposed, opposite; involving antithesis (the rhetorical act of placing two phrases opposite one another for contrast, as in love me or hate me)
Prison Epistles
Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Philemon
Romans 6-9
For we know that since Christ was raised from the dead, he cannot die again; death no longer has mastery over him. -we can still struggle with sin, but we can also choose life with the spirit
what books of the Bible did PAUL write?
Galatians, 1&2 Thessalonians, 1&2 Corinthians, Romans, Ephesians, Philemon, Colossians, Philippians, 1&2 Timothy, Titus
incarnation
God becoming man
Helenism
Greek culture
General Epistles
Hebrews, James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Jude
Isaiah 61, Matthew 3 & 12
JESUS THE promised ANOINTED ONE, the Messiah, who fulfills God's promise of salvation Isaiah 61 - explaining how great Christianity is to the oppressed Matthew 3 - the Baptism of Jesus Matthew 12 - unpardonable sin passage
Millennial Kingdom
Jesus will rule as king on the earth for 1000 years after his second coming.
Christological passages in NT
John 1, Phil 2, Col 1, Heb 1
what books of the Bible did John write?
John, 1,2,&3 John, Revelation
Epistles
LETTERS found in the New Testament to the early Christian communities about God's Revelation in Jesus Christ
what books of the Bible did LUKE write?
Luke, Acts
synoptic gospels
Matthew, Mark, Luke
Pastoral Epistles
New Testament letters that Paul allegedly wrote to two pastors, Timothy (1 and 2 Timothy) and Titus, concerning their pastoral duties.
Gamaliel
Paul's teacher in Jerusalem
3 rapture views in premillennialism
Pre-trib, Mid-trib, Post-trib
Ketuvium (Writings)
Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, Chronicles
the chosen lady
Recipient of 2 John
historicist approach
Revelation shows the sequence of church history in chronological order.
Christ
The Greek term for "Messiah." It means "the anointed one."
What is the Gospel?
The Son of God intentionally dying as a sacrifice
annunciation
The announcement of the birth of Jesus that takes place when the angel Gabriel tells Mary that God has chosen her to be the Mother of the Lord. -in LUKE -the "throne of His father David"
Pre-trib
The church is raptured at the beginning of tribulation period
Mid-trib
The church will go through the first half of the trib, but is raptured out before the more severe second half
rapture
The rapture is a sudden removal of dead and living believers to be in paradise with Jesus Christ awaiting to descend with him at end of trib which is the beginning of the millennial reign
Post-trib
The rapture of the church will be at the end of the trib which is the beginning of the millennial reign Thus the rapture and return of Christ are one and the same event
postmillennialism
The view that Christ will return to the earth after the millennium. In this view, the millennium is an age of peace and righteousness on the earth that is brought about by the progress of the gospel and the growth of the church but not by Christ's physical presence on earth.
Amillennialism
The view that there will be no literal thousand-year bodily reign of Christ on earth prior to the final judgment and the eternal state; on this view, scriptural references to the millennium in Revelation 20 actually describe the present church age.
The day of the Lord
a future date, referenced frequently in biblical prophecy, when God will at last completely fulfill His promises of judgment and/or redemption
Cult of the Emperor
a propaganda move that glorified the Emperor and he became a symbol of Japanese power, but he still didn't have power -not a mystery cult
docetism
claimed that Jesus only appeared to have flesh and was really just a celestial body. -John denies this by saying we have seen, heard, and touched the Christ.
AD 70
destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans - temple is destroyed
idealist approach
everything is symbolic and won't have physical fulfillment
psalms of confidence
expressions of trust in the Lord and praise to the Lord for the security He provides to those who trust in Him
Great white throne
final judgment - revelation chp 20
kingship/enthronement psalms
focus on the Lord's kingdom rule over His creation (instead of David)
euangelion
good message/news
gospel
good news/message
tribulation
great trouble or suffering
approaches to Revelation
historicist, preterist, idealist, futurist
literary forms of the Pslams
hymns, laments, thanksgiving psalms, psalms of confidence, psalms of ascent, royal psalms, kingship/enthronement psalms, wisdom psalms, imprecatory psalms
two major forms of proverbs
instructive discourses & pithy sayings
futurist approach
interpretation of Revelation as primarily depicting future events
preterist approach
interprets the majority of Revelation as symbolically representing real people and events that occurred in the first century
Tarsus
known center for hellenistic culture and philosophy -father of Paul
"we" passages of Acts
luke writes in first person plural "we" which indicates that he was participating in the events he is describing
syncretism
one culture comes in and takes the best of one culture and mixes it with theirs
Pax Romana
period of stability and peace in Rome -Galatians 4:4
thanksgiving psalms
prayers expressing thanks to God for specific answers to prayer or deliverance from danger
imprecatory psalms
prayers of extreme emotion and anger calling on God to bring severe judgment on the enemies of God and the psalmist -execute justice against the wicked
laments
prayers offered in times of trouble, pleading for God's help, intervention, and deliverance - offered by individuals who facing personal distress or by the entire community in calamity
royal psalms
prayers that celebrate the special relationship between the Lord and the house of the Davidic king
apocalyptic
prophetic; pertaining to revelations -olivet discourse (matt 24) -greek - Apocalupsis
comparative parallelism
signaled by words like better, more, or some other comparative adjective in one of the lines
parallelism
similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses
hymns
songs of praise that focus on the Lord's external attributes and His great actions in creation and history - honor God for who He is
wisdom psalms
teach practical lessons about everyday living -teach value in living a godly life by focusing on the central importance of the law of God
Kerygma
the apostolic proclamation of salvation through Jesus Christ
theme of Romans
the gospel of Christ (1:16-17)
John 14-16
the holy spirit
synthetic parallelism
the second part builds upon the thought of the first part and completes it
Asian Minor
turkey - where the 7 churches were
Romans 1-3
we are all sinners, but we can earn salvation if we put our faith in Him because Christ took our punishment
