bio 101circulatory system
systematic pump
- consisting of left atrium and left ventricle, pumps oxygenated blood towards the rest of the body
erythrocytes
Red blood cells that transport oxygen
aorta
The largest artery in the body; it conducts freshly oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues., the large trunk artery that carries blood from the left ventricle of the heart to branch arteries
vessels
This is the generic name for tubular organs that conduct blood to and from the heart
blood flow through heart (pulmonary)
Veins- superior vena cava, inferior vena cava toright atrium to right ventricle to pulmonary atery to lungs
Bundle of His
a bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles causing them to contract
Atrioventricular Node
a node of specialized heart muscle located in the septal wall of the right atrium, neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the bundle of His
pulmonary valve
a semilunar valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
sinoatrial node
a specialized bit of heart tissue that controls the heartbeat, the heart's pacemaker, located in the wall of the right atrium it fires impulses at the fastest rate
semilunar valve
a valve stopping blood from flowing back into the ventricles from the arteries during ventricular relaxation, a heart valve with half-moon-shaped cusps located at the entrance of the pulmonary artery and the aorta.
arteries
blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
veins
blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
systematic circuit
carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body. Supplies oxygen and nutrients to body tissues and organs and picks up carbon carbon dioxide and other wastes. Carries oxygen poor blood to the heart.
inferior vena cava
carries blood from lower regions of the body to right atrium, receives blood from lower limbs and abdominal organs and empties into the posterior part of the right atrium of the heart
superior vena cava
carries blood from upper regions of the body to right atrium, receives blood from the head and arms and chest and empties into the right atrium of the heart
pulmonary circuit
carries blood to the lungs for gas exchange and returns it to the heart, circuit of blood flow that carries blood between the heart and lungs
pulmonary arteries
carry deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle and into the lungs
pulmonary veins
deliver oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium
Purkinje Fibers
fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right and left ventricles, causing them to contract specialized cardiac muscle cell
systolic
measurement of blood pressure taken when the heart is contracting and forcing blood into the arteries
blood flow through heart(systematic)
pulmonary veins to left atrium to left ventricle to aorta to body
4 chambers
right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
pulmonary pump
right side of the heart; sends blood to the lungs and the left side
venules
small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
arterioles
small vessels that receive blood from the arteries, the smaller, thinner branches of arteries that carry blood to the capillaries
diastolic
the blood pressure during that part of the heartbeat when the hearts venticles are relaxing
systole
the contraction of the chambers of the heart (especially the ventricles) to drive blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery
blood
the fluid (red in vertebrates) that is pumped by the heart Plasma- 55% of the total volume Blood cells and cell fragments- 45% of the total volume
heart
the hollow muscular organ located behind the sternum and between the lungs 2 Atria- thin-walled chambers at the top of the heart that collect blood and force it into the ventricles . 2 Ventricles- very thick-walled chambers that actually pump blood
blood pressure
the pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels Blood pressure is greater in arteries than in veins
ventricles
the two lower chambers of the heart, and they pump blood out to the lungs and body.
atria
the two upper chambers of the heart- the receiving areas that pool incoming blood.
diastole
the widening of the chambers of the heart between two contractions when the chambers fill with blood, relaxation phase of the heartbeat
capillaries
tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules, tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and the cells of the body
platelets
tiny, disk-shaped bodies in the blood, important in blood clot formation
mammalian heart
two-thin walled atria that pump blood to ventricles, thick walled ventricles that pump blood to lungs and all other body regions (left=thickest)
right atrioventricular valve
valve with three cusps
left atrioventricular valve
valve with two cusps, located between the left atrium and left ventricle - prevents backflow - also known as mitral valve and bicuspid valve
leukocytes
white blood cells function in immune system