Bio 123- Exam 3

Rough ER

A cell whose primary function is to produce and export a protein into the extracellular matrix might contain more ________ than a "standard" cell. (Select all that apply.)

Mutation

A change in the original DNA genetic code is termed a _____.

silent

A mutation that does NOT alter the protein produced is called a ___________ mutation.

5'-CCCTCGTTA-3'

A template strand of DNA is 5'-TAACGAGGG-3'. What is the sequence of the complementary DNA strand that is created using this strand as a template during replication?

No, this is because Chloride ions have a charge to pass through the whole bilayer. So we need channel proteins in the bilayer to allow the Cl- ions to travel through it.

Can chloride ions move through the plasma membrane on their own? Why or why not?

D

Cell division is represented in the figure below by which letter?

80%, 40%, Water will move INTO the cell.

Concentration of water outside of the cell: _______ Inside the cell: _________ Concentration of water inside of the cell: Water will move INTO or OUT OF the cell.

Nonsense (5'-A ATG CCA TGT CTT TGG C-3' 5'-A AUG CCA UGU CUU UGG C-3' N-Met-Pro-Cys-Leu-C 5'-A ATG CCA TGA CTT TGG C-3' 5'-A AUG CCA UGA CUU UGG C-3' N-Met-Pro-C)

Consider the following DNA sequence: 5'-AATGCCATGTCTTTGGC-3' An error occurs during replication, and the highlighted thymine is replaced with an adenine. If this sequence is the coding strand of a gene, what type of mutation has occurred? Assume the cellular rules of transcription and translation apply.

5'-TCTTACCCGCGCTGCATTG-3' or 3'-GTTACGTCGCGCCCATTCT-5'

Consider the following mRNA sequence: 5'-CAAUGCAGCGCGGGUAAGA-3' 1. What was the sequence of the template strand from which this mRNA was transcribed? Indicate the directionality of the strand.

N-term Met Gln Arg Gly C-term

Consider the following mRNA sequence: 5'-CAAUGCAGCGCGGGUAAGA-3' 2. What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide translated from the above mRNA?

B

Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disorder, meaning that individuals only need one copy of the allele that encodes a functional version of the CFTR protein; in other words, individuals that are unaffected are either homozygous or heterozygous for the allele that encodes functional CFTR protein. Which of the drawings below best represents an individual that does NOT have cystic fibrosis?

C22 H28 N2 O1

Determine the chemical formula of the molecule below.

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules

Each with one new strand and one original strand

Mitosis uses chromosome replication to produce two identical diploid daughter cells, which are genetically identical to the diploid parent cell. This way all your cells have identical DNA composition.

Explain why the parent cell and both daughter cells must have the same number of chromosomes?

A: Metaphase B: Prophase C: Anaphase D: Interphase E: Telophase

Match the cells shown below with the phase of the cell cycle that best describes their current state. Each option will only be used once, and all options will be used. Metaphase interphase prophase telophase anaphase

T and t are different alleles of the same gene

Which statement best describes the relationship between T and t?

water will move out of the cell

Based off of the image above, what do you expect will be the net direction of the movement of water molecules by osmosis?

CFTR is highly expressed in the lung and colon

Based on the following data, which statement is true about CFTR gene expression?

2

How many copies of the CFTR gene do individuals with cystic fibrosis have?

124, single dsDNA molecule

Prezwalski's horse has 62 chromosomes (single dsDNA molecules) during G1. For questions 20-22, indicate how many chromosomes are found in each cell at the indicated time point and indicate the correct descriptor of the chromosomes at each timepoint. Anaphase: # of chromosomes: ____?___ Single or two dsDNA molecules?

62, Two dsDNA molecules

Prezwalski's horse has 62 chromosomes (single dsDNA molecules) during G1. For questions 20-22, indicate how many chromosomes are found in each cell at the indicated time point and indicate the correct descriptor of the chromosomes at each timepoint. Metaphase: # of Chromosomes _____?_____ Single or two dsDNA molecules?

62, Single dsDNA molecules

Prezwalski's horse has 62 chromosomes (single dsDNA molecules) during G1. For questions 20-22, indicate how many chromosomes are found in each cell at the indicated time point and indicate the correct descriptor of the chromosomes at each timepoint. Single daughter cell after mitosis is complete: Number of chromosomes:____?___ single or two dsDNA molecules?

A: protein B: Rough ER C: Vesicles D: Vesicles E: golgi

The diagram below shows a nucleus, the plasma membrane, and a secreted protein in a eukaryotic cell. Identify the structures labeled with the letters A, B, C, D, and E. Note that some answer choices may be used more than once or not at all. Golgi Vesicles protein Rough ER

B

The intravenous fluid (IV) administered in hospitals is made to match the osmolarity of blood so that blood cells will not be destroyed when the fluid is introduced to the body. Which of the three blood cells depicted below would result from an IV fluid whose solute concentration is too high?

B

What mode of diffusion with the potassium ions below use to cross the plasma membrane?

D

Which fragment represents the leading strand?

III, I, IV, II

Which is the correct order of events in cell division? I. The nuclear envelope dissolves II. Division of the cytoplasm III. Chromosomes condense IV. Sister chromatids separate

DNA polymerase III can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of a DNA strand.

Which of the following causes a DNA fragment to be formed in the 5' to 3' direction?

Helicase; rewinding and reforming the DNA double helix as the replication terminates

Which of the following enzyme and function pairs is INCORRECTLY matched? -Ligase; sealing nicks in the backbone of newly synthesized DNA -Helicase; rewinding and reforming the DNA double helix as the replication terminates -DNA polymerase; elongating a new nucleotide strand -Primase; synthesizing primers complementary to the template strand

Synthesis of both a complete lagging strand and a complete leading strand

You are testing an anticancer treatment that interferes and blocks the activity of primase. Which of the following would be affected by this anticancer agent? -Synthesis of a complete lagging strand -Synthesis of a complete leading strand -Synthesis of both a complete lagging strand and a complete leading strand -No effect, both strands would be synthesized normally

before cell division

before cell division DNA replication happens...