Bio 328 Anatomy

Epithelial tissues can be classified into various categories according to

cell shape and number of layers

The basement membrane

consists of a basal lamina and a reticular lamina

The epidermis/dermis derive from which embryologic layers?

ectoderm/mesoderm

What is true about the dermis?

- the two regions include the superficial papillary region and the deeper reticular region - dermal papillae, which project superficially into the epidermis, commonly contain capillaries and corpuscles of touch (Meissner corpuscles)

How many phalanges do you have in one hand

14

Which of the following is not a mechanoreceptor found in the skin?

Langerhans cell

Which of the following is false? a) the bodies of vertebrae form the posterior surface of the vertebral column b) the vertebral arch and body surround the spinal cord c) the spinous processes are directed posteriorly d) laminae are posterior to a vertebral body

a

second step of endochondral ossification

a hyaline cartilage model of the future bone is formed

An osteon (haversian system) is

a structural unite of compact bone

Name the two most specific body cavities that a transverse plane would pass through at the level of umbilicus

abdominal and cranial

The cup-shaped depression formed by all three portions of the hip (coxal) bone is the

acetabulum

Which of the following is a true statement about bone surface markings? a) most are not present at birth but develop as forces are exerted on bones and are most prominent during adult life b) processes and outgrowths are the result of tension from tendons and ligaments on the periosteum of a bone c) surface markings on skeletal remains may provide information related to age and sex

all of them

Which joint shows the motions called dorsiflexion and plantar flexion?

ankle (talocrural)

In which type of exocrine glands are portions of cells containing secretions pinched off from the main cell body?

apocrine glands

osteoblast cells

are responsible for bone building, they synthesize collagen fibers and organic salts to build up extra cellular matrix of bone tissue

A young male patient complains of severe pain when he tries to turn his head right. A physician realizes that the problem is in his pivot joint. Which of the following would need to be examined?

atlantoaxial

The word "dorsum or dorsal" may be used to describe the

back of the hand, top of the food

what type of synovial joint does glenohumeral have

ball and socket

The central canal of an osteon contains

blood vessels and nerves

osteogenic cells

bone "stem" cells, derived from mesenchyme

osteoclasts

bone resorbing cells, are large and multinucleated, have enzymes and acids that dissolve the protein and minerals (matrix) in bone and release calcium into the blood stream

What inner ear bones are part of what early skeletal division?

branchial

What anatomical region is being described using the following anatomy terms: medial to the ear, inferior to the eye, and superior to the maxillary teeth?

buccal/cheek

third step of endochondral ossification

cartilage in the midregion of the model becomes calcified

Epiphyseal plates of growing bones may be classified as

cartilaginous joints synarthrotic joints synchondroses

Glands found in the external auditory canal that secrete protective earwax are

cerumnious glands

Orientation of which dermal fibers is responsible for "lines of cleavage" (tension lines) seen in the skin?

collagen

What is found in the stratum basale?

cuboidal or columnar shaped cells keratinocytes melanocytes

Which type of joint has the most movement?

diarthrosis

The four basic types of tissues in the body are

epithelial, muscle, connective, nervous

The periosteum is

essential for growth in diameter of a long bone

Individual bones may be classified into five categories according to their shape. The five categories are

flat, long, irregular, short, sesamoid FLISS

what type of synovial joint does intervertebral facets of thorax have

glidding

The shoulder joint replacement seen in lecture would be replacing what two bony landmark pair?

head of humerus/glenoid fossa

what type of synovial joint does tibiofemoral have

hinge

Cleavage

increases the number of cells of the embryo

Growth in length as a long bone develops is called _______ growth

interstitial

Structures that are most responsible for holding bones together at a synovial joint are

ligaments

osteocytes

mature bone cells located inside the lacunae in osteons, responsible for daily metabolism of bone

What bone is being described using the following anatomical terms: medial to the ear, lateral to the nose, inferior to the eye, and superior to the upper teeth?

maxilla

sixth step of endochondral ossification

medullary cavity is formed

first step of endochondral ossification

mesenchymal cells of the embryo develop into cartilage-producing cells

Intramembranous ossification is the process that a) produces most bones b) produces only flat bones of the body c) results in growth in length of long bones d) none of the above

none of the above

characteristics of a female's bones

obturator foramen shape - triangular acetabulum size - mall subpubic angle - U-shaped sciatic notch shape - wide illum shape - wide pelvit inlet shape - circular sacrum shape - short, wide

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium has _____ layer of cells

one

osteogenic cells give rise to

osteoblasts

Canaliculi allow nutrients to diffuse to mature bone cells located within lacunae of the osteon. Which of the following are those mature bone cells?

osteocytes

The fifth cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve) provides sensory information from the face. The three branches of the trigeminal nerve pass from the periphery of the face to the brain through three separate foramina:

ovale, rotundum and superior orbital fissure

Meissner's corpuscles are touch receptors found in this region of the skin

papillary layer of dermis

A section through the body that produces equal right and left portions of an eyeball would be a(n)

parasagittal

The _____ is a protective layer that surrounds some cartilage

perichondrium

Most body cells can engulf small droplets of extracellular fluid through a process called

pinocytosis

what type of synovial joint does proximal radioulnar have

pivot

The movement of forearm that turns palm posteriorly

pronation

Bursac are connective tissue sacs that are responsible for

reducing friction during the movement of some joints

Greater tubercule of the humerus describes which concepts of anatomical language?

relationship, form, location

what type of synovial joint does carpometacarpal of pollex have

saddle

seventh step of endochondral ossification

secondary ossification centers produce spongy bone tissue of the epiphyses

The type of epithelial tissue lining the air sacs in the lungs, where easy diffusion is required would be

simple squamous

Which cranial bone contains the foramina (ovale, rotundum and superior orbital fissure) for the passages of the trigeminal nerve?

sphenoid

fifth step of endochondral ossification

spongy bone tissue develops at the primary ossification center

Cells pass through the layers in what order? most superficial to deepest

stratum corneum stratum lucidum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum basale

The action that moves the palm of the hand into anatomical position is

supination

A fibrous joint may be

suture, gomphosis, syndesmosis

Interphalangeal joints are _____ at which flexion and extension occur

synovial joints

What pair of skull bones contributes to the only freely movable joint of the head?

temporal and mandible

What pair of skull bones contributes to the only freely moveable joint of the head?

temporal and mandible

Which joint shows the motions called elevation and depression?

temporomandibular

Gastrulation is the process in which a gastrula develops from a blastula by the inward migration of cells by a complex and coordinated series of cellular movements which occur at

the end of the cleavage stage of development

Symphysis are only found in

the midline of the body

fourth step of endochondral ossification

the periosteum (formerly perichondrium) begins to produce a thin layer of compact bones

The outermost of the three primary germ layers of an embryo develop during

the transition from blastocoele to gastrula stage, from which the epidermis and epidermal derivatives, and the nervous system and its sensory receptor cells develop

An accident report submitted by an officer who is a former anatomy student contains the following statement "the victim suffered a severe blow to the mental region." This means

the victim was struck on the chin

Which one of the following is characteristic of spongy bone tissue, but not of compact bone tissue?

trabeculae

The epiphyseal plate separates the epiphysis and diaphysis of a growing bone. The four zones of cartilage found here, in order from epiphyseal edge to diaphyseal edge are ___, ___, ___, and ___.

zone of resisting cartilage zone of proliferating cartilage zone of hypertrophic cartilage zone of calcified cartilage RPHC Riley Perrin Hates Cats