bio chapter 5-6 midterm

a moderate drinker

Eddie drinks 6 beers a week. At this level of alcohol consumption, he is ________.

glucose

In the human intestinal tract, potato starch is broken down into ________ molecules that can be absorbed.

fructose

Which of the following substances is an important dietary monosaccharide for humans?

Sucrose

Which of the following sweeteners provides 4 kcal/g?

Having fruity-smelling breath

Chelsea is concerned that her 2-year-old daughter may have type 1 diabetes. Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this form of diabetes?

3 g

Jason would like to know the amount of saturated fat in a serving of food, but he does not have access to a food composition table or the Internet. According to the Nutrition Facts panel on the food's package, one serving has 10 g of fat, 5 g of polyunsaturated fat, 2 g of monounsaturated fat, and 150 mg of cholesterol. Approximately how much saturated fat is in a serving of the food?

Alpha-linolenic acid

Which of the following fatty acids is an essential fatty acid?

alpha-linolenic acid

Which of the following fatty acids is an essential fatty acid?

Roast pork

Which of the following foods contains cholesterol?

jelly beans

Which of the following foods has a high glycemic index (70 or more)?

Raw apple

Which of the following foods has a low glycemic index (less than 70)?

canned salmon

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fatty acids?

tuna fish

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fatty acids?

Corn oil

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

corn oil

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

soybean oil

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

Roast turkey Beef steak Brown rice Grilled salmon brown rice

Which of the following foods is a rich source of fiber?

Regular softdrink

Which of the following foods is a rich source of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)?

White rice

Which of the following foods is a rich source of starch?

Pork steak

Which of the following foods is a source of cholesterol?

chicken

Which of the following foods naturally contains cholesterol?

Ham slice Fat-free milk Baked chicken Canned tuna Fat-free milk

Which of the following foods provides the most carbohydrate per 4-ounce serving?

Waist circumference that measures 33 inches

Which of the following physical characteristics or health conditions is a sign of metabolic syndrome?

Information about the grams of total carbohydrate in a serving of food is displayed on a food labe

Which of the following statements about food labels is true?

A diet thatcontains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation. The pancreassecretes glucagon, a hormone that signals your cells to take up glucose fromthe bloodstream. The human bodystores carbohydrate as glucose. Maltose is the complex carbohydrate in potatoes, rice, and beans. A diet that contains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation.

Which of the following statements is true?

Excessive thirst and frequent urination are signs of diabetes.

Which of the following statements is true?

When cells have plenty of glucose to metabolize for energy, they store dietary fat instead of use it for energy

Which of the following statements is true?

HDL

Which of the following substances carries cholesterol away from tissues?

Soluble fiber

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?

Fructose

Which of the following substances is a sugar that contributes to the sweetness of honey?

4

While at a party, Jenna drank 24 ounces of beer and 10 ounces of wine. Based on this information, her alcohol consumption was equivalent to ________ standard alcoholic drinks.

Lactose

________ is the disaccharide comprised of one glucose and one galactose molecule

maltose

________ is the disaccharide comprised of two glucose molecules

Phosopholipids

A scientist has isolated a chemical compound that is partially soluble in water. The chemical helps keep water-soluble substances mixed with fats. When analyzing the composition of the chemical, the scientist determined that in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the compound contains nitrogen and phosphorus atoms. Based on this information, the compound is a(an) ________.

ketone bodies

Duncan's diet contains high amounts of protein and fat, but it is very low in carbohydrate. As a result of following this diet, Duncan's body forms more ________ than normal.

saturated

A scientist has isolated a fatty acid that has 26 carbons bonded together. All of the carbon atoms in the chain are connected by single bonds. The only other elements in the compound are hydrogen and oxygen. Based on this information, the compound is a (an) ________ fatty acid.

Gluclose

A scientist is developing a new food that would help people recover quickly from hypoglycemia. Which of the following sweeteners should he add to the new product?

By comparing sugar content information that is listed in the Nutrition Facts panels

Abe wants to use canned or frozen peaches to make a dessert. While shopping for the fruit, how can he determine which kind has the least sugar per serving?

metabolicsyndrome

According to Shawn's physician, Shawn has a high risk of ________ because his waist circumference is 42 inches, his blood pressure consistently measures 140 mm Hg/90 mm Hg, and his fasting blood glucose level is 110 mg/d

Losing excess body fat

According to scientific evidence, which of the following actions can help reduce a person's risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Dietary fiber

According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which of the following substances is a nutrient of public health concern?

71

According to the original Nutrition Facts panel on a package of reduced fat cream cheese, a 1 oz serving of the cream cheese supplies 70 kcal; 50 of the kcal are from fat. Based on this information, fat contributes about ________% of total kcal.

store triglycerides

Adipose cells ________.

ketone bodies

Adrian's diet supplies only about 10% of his daily energy needs from carbohydrates. Therefore, most of his energy intake is provided by protein and fat. As a result of following this diet, Adrian's cells form more ________ than norma

low-FODMAP

After Cameron consumes foods and beverages that contain fructose, he develops abdominal bloating, cramps, and gas that is followed by diarrhea. A ________ diet is likely to help him avoid these intestinal signs and symptoms.

Sucralose

Alicia has PKU. She would like to sweeten her coffee with a substance that provides 0 kcal/g. Based on this information, which of the following sweeteners supplies 0 kcal/g and is safe for her to use?

do nothing to intervene, because her fasting blood glucose level is normal

Anna has type 1 diabetes and gives herself insulin injections to help manage her blood glucose level. One morning, Anna tested her blood before she ate breakfast and discovered that her blood glucose level was 88 mg/dl. Based on this information, Anna should _______.

walnuts

April wants to add ________ to her salad, because the food is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fats.

ketone bodies

Bethany consumes a very-low-carbohydrate diet that supplies less than 100 g of carbohydrate daily, but she eats high amounts of meat and fat. As a result of her diet, Bethany's cells form more ________ than normal.

glucose

Glycogen is composed of ________ molecules.

homocysteine

Having high blood levels of ________ may increase a person's risk of CVD.

Citrus fruits

Hillary would like to add more soluble fiber to her diet. Which of the following foods should she add?

true

Humans do not make intestinal enzymes that digest the dietary fiber cellulose.

true

In 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration banned the use of partially-hydrogenated oils in foods.

true

In the United States, high-fructose corn syrup is the most popular high-intensity sweetener used by consumers.

true

Kevin has lactose intolerance, which means he is allergic to lactose.

xylitol

Leah's parents are afraid the 5-year-old will develop tooth decay if she chews gum that is sweetened with sugar. Based on this information, Leah's parents should buy chewing gum that is sweetened with _______.

false

Lecithin is a type of sterol.

have her son tested for type 1 diabetes

Lena's 4-year-old son is not well. He lacks much interest in playing, he has lost weight, his breath has a strange odor, and he seems to be thirsty all the time. Based on this information, Lena should ______.

Sucralose

Macey would like to sweeten her tea with a nonnutritive sweetener that provides no calories per teaspoon. Which of the following sweeteners would she use?

pre-diabetes

Melania's fasting blood glucose level consistently is between 102 and 113 mg/dl. Based on this information, she has ______.

True

Oleic acid is an essential fatty acid that is in whole milk.

a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Paige is 6 weeks pregnant. Although Paige drank alcohol before she became pregnant, she refuses to drink any alcohol now, because she does not want to have a baby born with ________.

ABOVE

Phyllis recorded her food intake for a week and then used a computerized dietary analysis program to analyze her diet record. According to the results of the analysis, her average daily saturated fat intake was 10% of total calories; her average daily unsaturated fat intake was 35% of total calories; and her average daily cholesterol intake was 250 mg. Based on this information, her total fat intake is ________ the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.

200

Sarah consumes approximately 2000 kcal/day. According to recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than ________ kcal/day.

Nutrition Facts panel

Sari would like to compare amounts of polyunsaturated fat in two brands of canned tuna. She should read the ________ on each product's label.

diabetes mellitus

Steve has pancreatic cancer. As a result of the disease, Steve has a high risk of _______.

fasle

Stick margarine is one of the main sources of cholesterol in the typical American's diet.

100%

Table sugar is nearly ________ carbohydrate.

steroid hormones

The body uses cholesterol to make ________.

D

The body uses cholesterol to make vitamin ________.

bile

The liver uses cholesterol to make ________

12 ounces of beer

Theresa drank 5 ounces of wine. This amount of wine has about as much alcohol as the amount that is in _______

The primary sign of diabetes mellitus is hypoglycemia.

which of the following is true?

become more physically active

Bill would like to follow recommendations that would reduce his risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Based on this information, Bill should ________.

Frequent urination

Bryan has type 2 diabetes. Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this chronic disease?

Aspartame

Camden likes to drink a beverage that is made with maple syrup, fruit juice concentrate, aspartame, and molasses. Which of these ingredients does not contain a form of sugar?

stimulates the gallbladder to secrete bile into the small intestine

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a hormone that _______

increases fat deposits in the abdominal region

Chronic alcohol abuse ________.

blindness

Joshua has type 2 diabetes, and he does not control his blood glucose levels. As a result of his lack of control, which of the following conditions is he most likely to develop?

give birth to a baby that has birth defects

Katie is pregnant. She has type 1 diabetes and often has difficulty controlling her blood glucose level. Based on this information, Katie is likely to ______.

avoid gaining excess weight

Pearson's mother and father have type 2 diabetes. To reduce his risk of this disease, Pearson should ______.

Corn oil

When he prepares food, Edgar wants to use ingredients that are not high in trans fat. Based on this information, which of the following fats should he include in his recipes?

Canola oil

When he prepares food, Nick wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat. Based on this information, which of the following fats should he select?

olive oil

When she prepares food, Felicia wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat. Based on this information, which of the following fats should she select?

weighing more than average

Which of the following characteristics increases a person's risk of type 2 diabetes?